sending data->索引問題

最近，有兩次Tomcat 響應很慢，直到宕機。期間登錄mysql server ，使用show processlist均能看到大量的sending data 狀態。查看官方的關於sending data說明：

• Sending data

  The thread is processing rows for a statement and also is sending data to the client.

意思是正在將查詢結果往客戶端發送。


開始一直以爲是max_allow_packet的值太小，並且認爲程序有問題導致tomcat響應很慢。mysql 將查詢的結果發送給前端tomcat.而此時tomcat因程序問題響應很慢，所以mysql將查詢到的結果一直處理Sending data狀態。但是讓我不明白的是我前端有兩個同樣的tomcat，爲什麼同時都有問題。

後來仔細分析了兩次出現大量Sending data的sql語句。發現大部分都是針對一個表上的查詢。而且where 條件的那個字段值只有幾種，大部分都是相同的值。這樣在上面建索引根本沒有任何的效果。同時用profile驗證了這個sql查詢每個階段所需要的時間。發現在Sending data 上花費的時間最長。expalin 出來的結果顯示共掃描了161172行。

mysql> explain select P.ID_ FROM NEWSFEEDDIST P WHERE RELATIONSHIP_ = 1 and CREATED_ >= DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 18 DAY) AND CREATED_ < DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 17 DAY);        +----+-------------+-------+------+-------------------------+-------------------------+---------+-------+--------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys           | key                     | key_len | ref   | rows   | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+------+-------------------------+-------------------------+---------+-------+--------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE      | P     | ref | SNS_NEWSFEEDDIST_REL_IN | SNS_NEWSFEEDDIST_REL_IN | 3       | const | 161172 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-------+------+-------------------------+-------------------------+---------+-------+--------+-------------+

mysql> set profiling =1;

mysql> SELECT COUNT(1), MAX(P.CREATED_) FROM NEWSFEEDDIST P WHERE RELATIONSHIP_ = 1 AND CREATED_ >= DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 19 DAY) AND CREATED_ < DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 18 DAY);

mysql> show profile for query 1;
+--------------------------------+----------+
| Status                         | Duration |
+--------------------------------+----------+
| starting                       | 0.060039 |
| checking query cache for query | 0.000161 |
| Opening tables                 | 0.000034 |
| System lock                    | 0.000019 |
| Table lock                     | 0.000021 |
| init                           | 0.000095 |
| optimizing                     | 0.000035 |
| statistics                     | 0.000157 |
| preparing                      | 0.000040 |
| executing                      | 0.000010 |
| Sending data                   | 1.079902 |
| end                            | 0.000018 |
| query end                      | 0.000005 |
| freeing items                  | 0.000056 |
| logging slow query             | 0.000004 |
| logging slow query             | 0.000053 |
| cleaning up                    | 0.000007 |
+--------------------------------+----------+
17 rows in set (0.00 sec)

既然 RELATIONSHIP_ 字段上的索引無效，那麼針對這個sql我在CREATED_字段上創建了一個索引。再次運行
mysql>alter table NEWSFEEDDIST add index(CREATED_);
mysql>SELECT COUNT(1), MAX(P.CREATED_) FROM NEWSFEEDDIST P WHERE RELATIONSHIP_ = 1 AND CREATED_ >= DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 19 DAY) AND CREATED_ < DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 18 DAY);
mysql>show profile for query 3;
+--------------------------------+----------+
| Status                         | Duration |
+--------------------------------+----------+
| starting                       | 0.000048 |
| checking query cache for query | 0.000130 |
| Opening tables                 | 0.000028 |
| System lock                    | 0.000011 |
| Table lock                     | 0.000019 |
| init                           | 0.000076 |
| optimizing                     | 0.000031 |
| statistics                     | 0.000183 |
| preparing                      | 0.000034 |
| executing                      | 0.000011 |
| Sending data                   | 0.007954 |
| end                            | 0.000013 |
| query end                      | 0.000009 |
| freeing items                  | 0.000088 |
| logging slow query             | 0.000009 |
| cleaning up                    | 0.000011 |
+--------------------------------+----------+
16 rows in set (0.00 sec)
此時在sending data上小了很多。而且用了CREATED_索引後掃描的行數變成了2888條

mysql>explain select P.ID_ FROM test_NEWSFEEDDIST P WHERE RELATIONSHIP_ = 1 and CREATED_ >= DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 18 DAY) AND CREATED_ < DATE_SUB(NOW(),INTERVAL 17 DAY);                                    
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys                    | key      | key_len | ref | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| 1 | SIMPLE      | P     | range | SNS_NEWSFEEDDIST_REL_IN,CREATED_ | CREATED_ | 9       | NULL | 2888 | Using where |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+----------------------------------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+


這個效果還是不錯的。cool


這裏有個關於mysql sending data狀態的解釋
http://renxijun.blog.sohu.com/82906360.html

 

http://hi.baidu.com/hexie007/item/126939785b86353c714423cd