springmvc入门使用

原創

2020-02-20 20:41

代码仓库：https://gitee.com/DerekAndroid/HelloSpringMvc.git

参考：https://how2j.cn/k/springmvc/springmvc-springmvc/615.html

1.配置web.xml，使用统一的Servlet管理路径和servlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--    配置Spring MVC的入口 DispatcherServlet，把所有的请求都提交到该Servlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <filter>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <!-- 设置编码格式 -->
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

2配置自动扫描Controller组件下的路径，jsp页面放在web-inf目录下，

配置路径视图解析器InternalResourceViewResolver

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--方式一：绝对路径-->
    <!--    <bean id="simpleUrlHandlerMapping"-->
    <!--          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">-->
    <!--        <property name="mappings">-->
    <!--            <props>-->
    <!--                &lt;!&ndash; /hello 路径的请求交给 id 为 helloController 的控制器处理&ndash;&gt;-->
    <!--                <prop key="/hello.action">helloController</prop>-->
    <!--            </props>-->
    <!--        </property>-->
    <!--    </bean>-->

    <!--    <bean id="helloController" class="srpingmvc.HelloController"></bean>-->


    <!--    第二种方式index：用的是相对路径-->
    <!-- 扫描controller下的组件 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="srpingmvc"/>

    <!--如果Action中书写的是视图逻辑名称，那么视图解析器就必须配置-->
    <!--如果Action中书写的是视图真实名称，那么视图解析器就可选配置-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 路径前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!-- 路径后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
        <!-- 前缀+视图逻辑名+后缀=真实路径 -->
    </bean>

    <!--    配置上传解析器-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"/>


    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/interceptor"/>
            <!-- 定义在mvc:interceptor下面的表示是对特定的请求才进行拦截的 -->
            <bean class="srpingmvc.IndexInterceptor"/>
        </mvc:interceptor>
        <!-- 当设置多个拦截器时，先按顺序调用preHandle方法，然后逆序调用每个拦截器的postHandle和afterCompletion方法 -->
    </mvc:interceptors>
</beans>

3.使用controller

@Controller
public class HelloControllerTwo {

    @RequestMapping("/hellospringmvc")
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        //第一种方式index.jsp：用的是绝对真实路径
//        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("/index.jsp");
        //第二种方式index：用的是相对路径
        ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView("index");
        mav.addObject("message", "Hello Spring MVC");
        return mav;
    }
}