Spring MVC + Spring + Mybatis3 搭建Web工程原理
可能需要用到參考:
Maven創建web項目:http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54172426
項目例子下載地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/liangmaoxuan/9747471Mybatis逆向工程:http://blog.csdn.net/liangmaoxuan/article/details/54563615
引入的jar包:
包也需要搭配正確,少包或錯誤版本包搭配也會出現未知的錯誤,會讓人糾結死,網上也有很多同類型的包自己選擇版本
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.lmx.ptest</groupId>
<artifactId>ptest</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>ptest Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<!-- spring版本號 -->
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本號 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日誌文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<!-- 表示開發的時候引入,發佈的時候不會加載此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入Mysql數據庫鏈接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入dbcp的jar包,用來在applicationContext.xml中配置數據庫 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL標籤類 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日誌文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化對象,方便輸出日誌 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上傳組件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.7.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
<version>1.10.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
<finalName>ptest</finalName>
</build>
</project>
1.設置web.xml
(1)spring 方面:
spring 啓動時候會首先去執行放在WEB-INF/目錄下applicationContext.xml文件(如果在web.xml中不寫任何參數配置信息,默認的路徑是"/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml),在啓動Web 容器時,自動裝配Spring applicationContext.xml 的配置信息。
PS:
WEB-INF目錄下創建的xml文件的名稱必須是applicationContext.xml。如果是要自定義文件名可以在web.xml里加入contextConfigLocation這個context參數,多個相同前綴也可以使用通配符(*).
ContextLoaderListener的作用就是啓動Web容器時,自動裝配ApplicationContext的配置信息。系統啓動的時候,系統自動加載org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener這個類,然後由它負責創建Spring容器即WebApplicationContext,系統會把bean放在其中,保存在內存,需要時候就會取出,一般情況下,創建完成後,負責IOC操作,你不需要獲取它,如果非要在程序中調用它,可以通過WebApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);來獲取這個容器。
<!-- Spring監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
(2)spring MVC方面:
容器初始化時候一同初始化Servlet,並且監聽指定入口(/,*.do,*.action等),監聽被激活時候,進入spring MVC處理並且返回輸出
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- 對應的XML文件 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 初始化時候啓動 -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
2.設置XML
(1)Spring 對應的spring-mybatis.xml文件設置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!--會對base-package包或者子包下的所有的進行java類進行掃描,並把匹配的java類註冊成bean。 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lmx" />
<!-- 開啓註解模式 PS:要使用spring mvc中的@Controller註解,就必須要配置<mvc:annotation-driven
/>, 否則org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet無法找到控制器並把請求分發到控制器 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 通過把對應值發射進入class類內組建dataSource對象 以下只需通過ID反射調用傳送對象 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/netcare_db" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="" />
</bean>
<!-- 通過把對應值發射進入class類內組建datsqlSessionFactory對象 以下只需通過ID反射調用傳送對象 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- MapperScannerConfigurer 自動掃描 將Mapper接口生成代理注入到Spring -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.lmx"></property>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 創建sqlSessionTemplate類 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionTemplate" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 創建事務 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
(1)Spring
對應的spring-MVC.xml文件設置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!--避免IE執行AJAX時,返回JSON出現下載文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 啓動SpringMVC的註解功能,完成請求和註解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON轉換器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前後綴 ,視圖模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 這裏的配置我的理解是自動給後面action的方法return的字符串加上前綴和後綴,變成一個 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
到這裏配置已經完成。
總結不好多多擔待,文章只單純個人總結,如不好勿噴,技術有限,有錯漏麻煩指正提出。本人QQ:373965070