設計模式:
裝飾器模式(Decorator Pattern)
簡單介紹:
裝飾器模式(Decorator Pattern):
假設有一部手機你購買來以後只有手機,然後你需要再給其添加一些裝飾,比如保護殼,鋼化膜或者手機貼畫等,這個就是裝飾者模式的思想
裝飾器模式主要組成部分:
Component:定義一個對象接口,可以給這些對象動態地添加職責
ConcreteComponent:定義一個對象,可以給這個對象添加一些職責
Decorator:維持一個指向Component的指針,並定義一個與Component接口一致的接口
ConcreteDecorator:負責向ConcreteComponent添加功能
在裝飾模式中,Decorator定義了一個裝飾接口類。因爲Decorator與ConcreteComponent繼承同一個接口,所以繼承Decorator的類ConcreteDecorator可以使用ConcreteComponent的方法,再在ConcreteDecorator裏面加入一些新的方法,也就是裝飾,就成爲了一個包裝好的裝飾類。
適配器模式類圖:
裝飾者模式C#代碼舉例:
Component 對象類
/// <summary>
/// 對象類
/// </summary>
public abstract class Component
{
public abstract void Print();
}
ConcreteComponenet 類 對象的修飾實現類
public class ConcreteComponent:Component
{
/// <summary>
/// 對象修飾類
/// </summary>
public override void Print()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是ConcreteComponent!");
}
}
Decorator類 裝飾器類
/// <summary>
/// 裝飾器類
/// </summary>
public class Decorator:Component
{
protected Component _component;
public void SetComponent(Component component)
{
this._component = component;
}
public override void Print()
{
if (_component != null)
{
_component.Print();
}
}
}
ConcreteDecoratorA類 裝飾子類A
/// <summary>
/// 裝飾子類A
/// </summary>
public class ConcreteDecoratorA: Decorator
{
public override void Print()
{
base.Print();
Console.WriteLine("我是ConcreteDecoratorA!");
}
}
ConcreteDecoratorB 裝飾子類B
/// <summary>
/// 裝飾子類B
/// </summary>
public class ConcreteDecoratorB:Decorator
{
public override void Print()
{
base.Print();
Console.WriteLine("我是ConcreteDecoratorB!");
}
}
用戶測試類:
class Client
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ConcreteComponent concreteComponent = new ConcreteComponent();
ConcreteDecoratorA concreteDecoratorA = new ConcreteDecoratorA();
ConcreteDecoratorB concreteDecoratorB = new ConcreteDecoratorB();
concreteDecoratorA.SetComponent(concreteComponent);
concreteDecoratorA.Print();
Console.WriteLine("--------------------------------");
concreteDecoratorB.SetComponent(concreteDecoratorA);
concreteDecoratorB.Print();
Console.Read();
}
}
運行結果:
源代碼工程文件下載
裝飾者模式實際生活舉例
舉例說明
假設有一部手機你購買來以後只有手機,然後你需要再給其添加一些裝飾,比如保護殼,鋼化膜或者手機貼畫等
mobilephone 原手機接口
/// <summary>
/// 手機接口
/// </summary>
public abstract class MobilePhone
{
public abstract void Print();
}
AppleMobilePhone類 手機的修飾類
/// <summary>
/// 手機的修飾
/// </summary>
public class AppleMobilePhone :MobilePhone
{
public override void Print()
{
Console.WriteLine("我是一部蘋果手機!");
}
}
Decorator類 裝飾器類
/// <summary>
/// 裝飾器
/// </summary>
public class Decorator:MobilePhone
{
protected MobilePhone mobliePhone;
public void SetMobilePhone(MobilePhone phone)
{
this.mobliePhone = phone;
}
public override void Print()
{
if (mobliePhone != null)
{
mobliePhone.Print();
}
}
}
MobilePhoneShell類 手機殼修飾類
/// <summary>
/// 手機殼類
/// </summary>
public class MobilePhoneShell:Decorator
{
public override void Print()
{
base.Print();
Console.WriteLine("我是一個手機保護殼!");
}
}
MobilePhoneStickers類 手機貼畫修飾類
/// <summary>
/// 手機貼畫修飾類
/// </summary>
public class MobilePhoneStickers:Decorator
{
public override void Print()
{
base.Print();
Console.WriteLine("我是一個手機貼畫!");
}
}
用戶測試類
class Client
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("----------------手機-----------------");
AppleMobilePhone appleMobilePhone = new AppleMobilePhone();
appleMobilePhone.Print();
Console.WriteLine("---------加了手機殼的手機----------------");
MobilePhoneShell mobilePhoneShell = new MobilePhoneShell();
mobilePhoneShell.SetMobilePhone(appleMobilePhone);
mobilePhoneShell.Print();
Console.WriteLine("----------加了手機貼畫的手機---------------");
MobilePhoneStickers mobilePhoneStickers = new MobilePhoneStickers();
mobilePhoneStickers.SetMobilePhone(appleMobilePhone);
mobilePhoneStickers.Print();
Console.WriteLine("----------既加了手機殼又加了手機貼畫的手機--------");
mobilePhoneStickers.SetMobilePhone(mobilePhoneShell);
mobilePhoneStickers.Print();
Console.Read();
}
}
運行結果