關於HBase環境搭建和HBase的原理架構，請見筆者相關博客。
1.HBase對java有着較優秀的支持，本文將介紹如何使用java操作Hbase。
首先是pom依賴：
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase-common</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
2.操作HBase的關鍵類：
public class HbaseDemo {
private static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args){
try {
createTable("user_table", new String[] { "information", "contact" });
User user = new User("001", "xiaoming", "123456", "man", "20", "13355550021", "[email protected]");
insertData("user_table", user);
User user2 = new User("002", "xiaohong", "654321", "female", "18", "18757912212", "[email protected]");
insertData("user_table", user2);
List<User> list = getAllData("user_table");
System.out.println("--------------------插入兩條數據後--------------------");
for (User user3 : list){
System.out.println(user3.toString());
}
System.out.println("--------------------獲取原始數據-----------------------");
getNoDealData("user_table");
System.out.println("--------------------根據rowKey查詢--------------------");
User user4 = getDataByRowKey("user_table", "user-001");
System.out.println(user4.toString());
System.out.println("--------------------獲取指定單條數據-------------------");
String user_phone = getCellData("user_table", "user-001", "contact", "phone");
System.out.println(user_phone);
User user5 = new User("test-003", "xiaoguang", "789012", "man", "22", "12312132214", "[email protected]");
insertData("user_table", user5);
List<User> list2 = getAllData("user_table");
System.out.println("--------------------插入測試數據後--------------------");
for (User user6 : list2){
System.out.println(user6.toString());
}
deleteByRowKey("user_table", "user-test-003");
List<User> list3 = getAllData("user_table");
System.out.println("--------------------刪除測試數據後--------------------");
for (User user7 : list3){
System.out.println(user7.toString());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//連接集羣
public static Connection initHbase() throws IOException {
Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "127.0.0.1");
//集羣配置↓
//configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "101.236.39.141,101.236.46.114,101.236.46.113");
configuration.set("hbase.master", "127.0.0.1:60000");
Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
return connection;
}
//創建表
public static void createTable(String tableNmae, String[] cols) throws IOException {
TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(tableNmae);
admin = initHbase().getAdmin();
if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
System.out.println("表已存在！");
} else {
HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
for (String col : cols) {
HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(col);
hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
}
admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
}
}
//插入數據
public static void insertData(String tableName, User user) throws IOException {
TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
Put put = new Put(("user-" + user.getId()).getBytes());
//參數：1.列族名 2.列名 3.值
put.addColumn("information".getBytes(), "username".getBytes(), user.getUsername().getBytes()) ;
put.addColumn("information".getBytes(), "age".getBytes(), user.getAge().getBytes()) ;
put.addColumn("information".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes(), user.getGender().getBytes()) ;
put.addColumn("contact".getBytes(), "phone".getBytes(), user.getPhone().getBytes());
put.addColumn("contact".getBytes(), "email".getBytes(), user.getEmail().getBytes());
//HTable table = new HTable(initHbase().getConfiguration(),tablename);已棄用
Table table = initHbase().getTable(tablename);
table.put(put);
}
//獲取原始數據
public static void getNoDealData(String tableName){
try {
Table table= initHbase().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Scan scan = new Scan();
ResultScanner resutScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result result: resutScanner){
System.out.println("scan: " + result);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//根據rowKey進行查詢
public static User getDataByRowKey(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
Table table = initHbase().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
User user = new User();
user.setId(rowKey);
//先判斷是否有此條數據
if(!get.isCheckExistenceOnly()){
Result result = table.get(get);
for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
String colName = Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(),cell.getQualifierOffset(),cell.getQualifierLength());
String value = Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength());
if(colName.equals("username")){
user.setUsername(value);
}
if(colName.equals("age")){
user.setAge(value);
}
if (colName.equals("gender")){
user.setGender(value);
}
if (colName.equals("phone")){
user.setPhone(value);
}
if (colName.equals("email")){
user.setEmail(value);
}
}
}
return user;
}
//查詢指定單cell內容
public static String getCellData(String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String col){
try {
Table table = initHbase().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
String result = null;
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
if(!get.isCheckExistenceOnly()){
get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family),Bytes.toBytes(col));
Result res = table.get(get);
byte[] resByte = res.getValue(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(col));
return result = Bytes.toString(resByte);
}else{
return result = "查詢結果不存在";
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "出現異常";
}
//查詢指定表名中所有的數據
public static List<User> getAllData(String tableName){
Table table = null;
List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();
try {
table = initHbase().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
ResultScanner results = table.getScanner(new Scan());
User user = null;
for (Result result : results){
String id = new String(result.getRow());
System.out.println("用戶名:" + new String(result.getRow()));
user = new User();
for(Cell cell : result.rawCells()){
String row = Bytes.toString(cell.getRowArray(), cell.getRowOffset(), cell.getRowLength());
//String family = Bytes.toString(cell.getFamilyArray(),cell.getFamilyOffset(),cell.getFamilyLength());
String colName = Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(),cell.getQualifierOffset(),cell.getQualifierLength());
String value = Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength());
user.setId(row);
if(colName.equals("username")){
user.setUsername(value);
}
if(colName.equals("age")){
user.setAge(value);
}
if (colName.equals("gender")){
user.setGender(value);
}
if (colName.equals("phone")){
user.setPhone(value);
}
if (colName.equals("email")){
user.setEmail(value);
}
}
list.add(user);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list;
}
//刪除指定cell數據
public static void deleteByRowKey(String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
Table table = initHbase().getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
//刪除指定列
//delete.addColumns(Bytes.toBytes("contact"), Bytes.toBytes("email"));
table.delete(delete);
}
//刪除表
public static void deleteTable(String tableName){
try {
TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
admin = initHbase().getAdmin();
admin.disableTable(tablename);
admin.deleteTable(tablename);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
3.本文以操作User實例爲例，新手看下User類：
public class User {
private String id;
private String username;
private String password;
private String gender;
private String age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public User(String id, String username, String password, String gender, String age, String phone, String email) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
public User(){
}
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id='" + id + '\'' +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
", email='" + email + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.測試結果如下圖：
java操作HBase成功
