Android Bitmap 知識點梳理

View繪製基本流程

Android系統View的繪製流程:依次執行View類裏面的如下三個方法:
measure(int ,int) :測量View的大小

layout(int ,int ,int ,int) :設置子View的位置

draw(Canvas) :繪製View內容到Canvas畫布上

整個View樹的繪圖流程是在ViewRoot.Java類的performTraversals()函數展開的,該函數做的執行過程可簡單概況爲根據之前設置的狀態,判斷是否需要重新計算視圖大小(measure)、是否重新需要安置視圖的位置(layout)、以及是否需要重繪 (draw)

mesarue()測量過程

主要作用:爲整個View樹計算實際的大小,即設置實際的高(mMeasuredHeight)和寬(mMeasureWidth),每個View的控件的實際寬高都是由父視圖和本身視圖決定的。

具體的調用如下:

ViewRootImpl 的performTraversals方法中,調用measureHierarchy,然後調用performMeasure

private void performMeasure(int childWidthMeasureSpec, int childHeightMeasureSpec) {  
       Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "measure");  
       try {  
           mView.measure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);  
       } finally {  
           Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);  
       }  
    }

ViewRoot根對象地屬性mView(其類型一般爲ViewGroup類型)調用measure()方法去計算View樹的大小,回調View/ViewGroup對象的onMeasure()方法,該方法實現的功能如下:

1、設置本View視圖的最終大小,該功能的實現通過調用setMeasuredDimension()方法去設置實際的高(mMeasuredHeight)和寬(mMeasureWidth)

2、如果該View對象是個ViewGroup類型,需要重寫onMeasure()方法,對其子視圖進行遍歷的measure()過程。

對每個子視圖的measure()過程,是通過調用父類ViewGroup.java類裏的measureChildWithMargins()方法去實現,該方法內部只是簡單地調用了View對象的measure()方法。

整個measure調用流程就是個樹形的遞歸過程measure()方法兩個參數都是父View傳遞過來的,也就是代表了父view的規格。他由兩部分組成,高2位表示MODE,定義在MeasureSpec類(View的內部類)中,有三種類型,MeasureSpec.EXACTLY表示確定大小, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST表示最大大小, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED不確定。低30位表示size,也就是父View的大小。對於系統Window類的DecorVIew對象Mode一般都爲MeasureSpec.EXACTLY ,而size分別對應屏幕寬高。對於子View來說大小是由父View和子View共同決定的。

protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {  
setMeasuredDimension(getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumWidth(), widthMeasureSpec),  
        getDefaultSize(getSuggestedMinimumHeight(), heightMeasureSpec));  
}

protected final void setMeasuredDimension(int measuredWidth, int measuredHeight) {  
 boolean optical = isLayoutModeOptical(this);  
 if (optical != isLayoutModeOptical(mParent)) {  
     Insets insets = getOpticalInsets();  
     int opticalWidth  = insets.left + insets.right;  
     int opticalHeight = insets.top  + insets.bottom;  

     measuredWidth  += optical ? opticalWidth  : -opticalWidth;  
     measuredHeight += optical ? opticalHeight : -opticalHeight;  
 }  
 mMeasuredWidth = measuredWidth;  
 mMeasuredHeight = measuredHeight;  

 mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_MEASURED_DIMENSION_SET;  
}

layout佈局過程

主要作用 :爲將整個根據子視圖的大小以及佈局參數將View樹放到合適的位置上。

具體的調用如下:

ViewRootImpl 的performTraversals方法中,調用performLayout

private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWindowWidth,  
    int desiredWindowHeight) {  
mLayoutRequested = false;  
mScrollMayChange = true;  
mInLayout = true;  

final View host = mView;  
if (DEBUG_ORIENTATION || DEBUG_LAYOUT) {  
    Log.v(TAG, "Laying out " + host + " to (" +  
            host.getMeasuredWidth() + ", " + host.getMeasuredHeight() + ")");  
}  

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "layout");  
try {  
    host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());  

    mInLayout = false;  
    int numViewsRequestingLayout = mLayoutRequesters.size();  
    if (numViewsRequestingLayout > 0) {  
        // requestLayout() was called during layout.  
        // If no layout-request flags are set on the requesting views, there is no problem.  
        // If some requests are still pending, then we need to clear those flags and do  
        // a full request/measure/layout pass to handle this situation.  
        ArrayList<View> validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters,  
                false);  
        if (validLayoutRequesters != null) {  
            // Set this flag to indicate that any further requests are happening during  
            // the second pass, which may result in posting those requests to the next  
            // frame instead  
            mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = true;  

            // Process fresh layout requests, then measure and layout  
            int numValidRequests = validLayoutRequesters.size();  
            for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) {  
                final View view = validLayoutRequesters.get(i);  
                Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view +  
                        " during layout: running second layout pass");  
                view.requestLayout();  
            }  
            measureHierarchy(host, lp, mView.getContext().getResources(),  
                    desiredWindowWidth, desiredWindowHeight);  
            mInLayout = true;  
            host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());  

            mHandlingLayoutInLayoutRequest = false;  

            // Check the valid requests again, this time without checking/clearing the  
            // layout flags, since requests happening during the second pass get noop'd  
            validLayoutRequesters = getValidLayoutRequesters(mLayoutRequesters, true);  
            if (validLayoutRequesters != null) {  
                final ArrayList<View> finalRequesters = validLayoutRequesters;  
                // Post second-pass requests to the next frame  
                getRunQueue().post(new Runnable() {  
                    @Override  
                    public void run() {  
                        int numValidRequests = finalRequesters.size();  
                        for (int i = 0; i < numValidRequests; ++i) {  
                            final View view = finalRequesters.get(i);  
                            Log.w("View", "requestLayout() improperly called by " + view +  
                                    " during second layout pass: posting in next frame");  
                            view.requestLayout();  
                        }  
                    }  
                });  
            }  
        }  

    }  
} finally {  
    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);  
}  
mInLayout = false;  

}

draw()繪圖過程

ViewRootImpl 的performTraversals方法中,調用了mView的draw方法

mView.draw()開始繪製,draw()方法實現的功能如下:

1 、繪製該View的背景

2 、爲顯示漸變框做一些準備操作

3、調用onDraw()方法繪製視圖本身 (每個View都需要重載該方法,ViewGroup不需要實現該方法)

4、調用dispatchDraw ()方法繪製子視圖(如果該View類型不爲ViewGroup,即不包含子視圖,不需要重載該方法)

值得說明的是,ViewGroup類已經爲我們重寫了dispatchDraw ()的功能實現,應用程序一般不需要重寫該方法,但可以重載父類函數實現具體的功能。

dispatchDraw()方法內部會遍歷每個子視圖,調用drawChild()去重新回調每個子視圖的draw()方法。

5、繪製滾動條

刷新視圖

Android中實現view的更新有兩個方法,一個是invalidate,另一個是postInvalidate,其中前者是在UI線程自身中使用,而後者在非UI線程中使用。

requestLayout()方法 :會導致調用measure()過程 和 layout()過程 。

說明:只是對View樹重新佈局layout過程包括measure()和layout()過程,不會調用draw()過程,但不會重新繪製
任何視圖包括該調用者本身。
一般引起invalidate()操作的函數如下:

1、直接調用invalidate()方法,請求重新draw(),但只會繪製調用者本身。

2、setSelection()方法 :請求重新draw(),但只會繪製調用者本身。

3、setVisibility()方法 : 當View可視狀態在INVISIBLE轉換VISIBLE時,會間接調用invalidate()方法,繼而繪製該View。

4 、setEnabled()方法 : 請求重新draw(),但不會重新繪製任何視圖包括該調用者本身。

發佈了43 篇原創文章 · 獲贊 3 · 訪問量 2萬+
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章