第3章 文件I/O
| 序號 | 函數名 | 原型 | 頭文件 |
| 1 | open | int open(const char *pathname, int flag, …/* mode_t mode */ ); | #include <fcntl.h> |
| 2 | create | int create(const char *pathname, mode_t mode); | #include <fcntl.h> |
| 3 | close | int close(int filedes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 4 | lseek | off_t lseek(int flags, off_t offset, int whence); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 5 | read | ssize_t read(int filedes, void *buf, size_t nbytes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 6 | write | ssize_t write(int filedes, const void *buf, size_t nbytes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 7 | pread | ssize_t pread(int filedes, void *buf, size_t nbytes, off_t offset); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 8 | pwrite | ssize_t pwrite(int filedes, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, off_t offset); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 9 | dup | int dup(int filedes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 10 | dup2 | int dup2(int filedes, int filedes2) | #include <unistd.h> |
| 11 | fsync | int fsync(int filedes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 12 | fdatasync | int fdatasync(int filedes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 13 | sync | int sync(void); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 14 | fcntl | int fcntl(int filedes, int cmd, … /* int arg */ ); | #include <fcntl.h> |
| 15 | ioctl | int ioctl(int filedes, int request, …); | #include <sys/ioctl.h> |
第4章 文件和目錄
| 序號 | 函數名 | 原型 | 頭文件 |
| 1 | stat | int stat(const char *restrict pathname, struct stat *restrict buf); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 2 | fstat | int fstat(int filedes, struct stat *buf); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 3 | lstat | int lstat(const char* restrict pathname, struct stat *restrict buf); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 4 | S_ISREG | S_ISREG() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 5 | S_ISDIR | S_ISDIR() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 6 | S_ISCHR | S_ISCHR() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 7 | S_ISBLK | S_ISBLK() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 8 | S_ISFIFO | S_ISFIFO() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 9 | S_ISLNK | S_ISLNK() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 10 | S_ISSOCK | S_ISSOCK() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 11 | S_TYPEISMQ | S_TYPEISMQ() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 12 | S_TYPEISSEM | S_TYPEISEM() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 13 | S_TYPEISSHM | S_TYPEISSHM() | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 14 | access | int access(const char *pathname, int mode); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 15 | umask | mode_t umask(mode_t cmask); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 16 | chmod | int chmod(const char *pathname, mode_t mode); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 17 | fchmod | int fchmod(int filedes, mode_t mode); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 18 | chown | int chown(const char *pathname, uid_t owner, gid_t group); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 19 | fchown | int fchown(int filedes, uid_t owner, gid_t group); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 20 | lchown | int lchown(const char *pathname, uid_t owner, gid_t group); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 21 | truncate | int truncate(const char *pathname, off_t length); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 22 | ftruncate | int ftruncate(int filedes, off_t length); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 23 | remove | int remove(const char *pathname); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 24 | rename | int rename(const char *oldname, const char *newname); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 25 | symlink | int symlink(const char *actualpath, const char *sympath); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 26 | readlink | ssize_t readlink(const char* restrict pathname, char *restrict buf, size_t bufsize); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 27 | utime | int utime(const char *pathname, const struct utimbuf *times); | #include <utime.h> |
| 28 | mkdir | int mkdir(const *pathname, mode_t mode); | #include <sys/stat.h> |
| 29 | rmdir | int rmdir(const char *pathname); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 30 | opendir | DIR *opendir(const char *pathname); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 31 | readdir | struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dp); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 32 | rewinddir | void rewinddir(DIR * dp); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 33 | closedir | int closedir(DIR *dp); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 34 | telldir | long telldir(DIR *dp); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 35 | seekdir | void seekdir(DIR *dp, long loc); | #include <dirent.h> |
| 36 | chdir | int chdir(const char *pathname); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 37 | fchdir | int fchdir(int filedes); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 38 | getcwd | char *getcwd(char *buf, size_t size); | #include <unistd.h> |
第5章 標準I/O庫
| 序號 | 函數名 | 原型 | 頭文件 |
| 1 | fwide | int fwide(FILE *fp, int mode); | #include <stdio.h> #include <wcharh> |
| 2 | setbuf | void setbuf(FILE *restrict fp, char *restrict buf); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 3 | setvbuf | int setvbuf(FILE *restrict fp, char *restrict buf, int mode, size_t size); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 4 | fflush | int fflush(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 5 | fopen | FILE *fopen(const char *restrict pathname, const char *restrict type); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 6 | freopen | FILE *freopen(const char *restrict pathnam, const char *restrict type, FILE *restrict fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 7 | fdopen | FILE *fdopen(int filedes, const char *type); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 8 | fclose | int fclose(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 9 | getc | int getc(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 10 | fgetc | int fgetc(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 11 | getchar | int getchar(void); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 12 | ferror | int ferror(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 13 | feof | int feof(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 14 | clearerr | void clearerr(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 15 | ungetc | int ungetc(int c, FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 16 | putc | int putc(int c, FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 17 | fputc | int fputc(int c, FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 18 | putchar | int putchar(int c); | #inlcude <stdio.h> |
| 19 | fgets | char *fgets(char *restrict buf, int n, FILE *restrict fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 20 | gets | char *gets(char *buf); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 21 | fputs | int fputs(const char *restrict str, FILE *restrict fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 22 | puts | int puts(const char *str); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 23 | fread | size_t fread(void *restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nobj, FILE *restrict fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 24 | fwrite | size_t fwrite(const void *restrict ptr, size_t size, size_t nobj, FILE *restrict fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 25 | ftell | long ftell(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 26 | fseek | int fseek(FILE *fp, long offset, int whence); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 27 | rewind | void rewind(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 28 | ftello | off_t ftello(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 29 | fseeko | int fseeko(FILE *fp, off_t offset, int whence); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 30 | fgetpos | int fgetpos(FILE *restrict fp, fpos_t *restrict pos); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 31 | fsetpos | int fsetpos(FILE *fp, const fpos_t *pos); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 32 | printf | int printf(const char* restrict format,...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 33 | fprintf | int fprintf(FILE *restrict fp, const char *restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 34 | sprintf | int sprintf(char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 35 | snprintf | int snprintf(char *restrict buf, size_t n, const char *restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 36 | vprintf | int vprintf(const char* restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 37 | vfprintf | int vfprintf(FILE *restrict fp, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 38 | vsprintf | int vsprintf(char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 39 | vsnprintf | int vsnprintf(char *restrict buf, size_t n, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 40 | scanf | int scanf(const char * restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 41 | fscanf | int fscanf(FILE *restrict fp, const char *restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 42 | sscanf | int sscanf(const char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format, ...); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 43 | vscanf | int vscanf(const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 44 | vfscanf | int vfscanf(FILE *restrict fp, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 45 | vsscanf | int vsscanf(const char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); | #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> |
| 46 | fileno | int fileno(FILE *fp); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 47 | tmpnam | char *tmpnam(char *ptr); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 48 | tmpfile | FILE *tmpfile(void); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 49 | tempnam | char *tempnam(const char *directory, const char *prefix); | #include <stdio.h> |
| 50 | mkstemp | int mkstemp(char *template); | #include <stdlib> |
第6章 系統數據信息和信息
| 序號 | 函數名 | 原型 | 頭文件 |
| 1 | getpwuid | struct passwd *getpwuid(uid_t uid); | #include <pwd.h> |
| 2 | getpwnam | struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *name); | #include <pwd.h> |
| 3 | getpwent | struct passwd *getpwent(void); | #include <pwd.h> |
| 4 | setpwent | void setpwent(void); | #include <pwd.h> |
| 5 | endpwent | void endpwent(void); | #include <pwd.h> |
| 6 | getspnam | struct spwd *getspnam(const char *name); | #include <shadow.h> |
| 7 | getspent | struct spwd *getspent(void); | #include <shadow.h> |
| 8 | setspent | void setspent(void); | #include <shadow.h> |
| 9 | endspent | void endspent(void); | #include <shadow.h> |
| 10 | getgrgid | struct grounp *getgrgid(gid_t gid); | #include <grp.h> |
| 11 | getgrnam | struct grounp *getgrnam(const char *name); | #include <grp.h> |
| 12 | getgrent | struct group *getgrent(void); | #include <grp.h> |
| 13 | setgrent | void setgrent(void); | #include <grp.h> |
| 14 | endgrent | void endgrent(void); | #include <grp.h> |
| 15 | getgroups | int getgroups(int gidsetsize, gid_t grouplist[]); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 16 | setgroups | int setgroups(int ngroups, const gid_t grouplist[]); | #include <grp.h> |
| 17 | initgroups | int initgroups(const char *username, gid_t basegid); | #include <grp.h> |
| 18 | uname | int uname(struct utsname *name); | #include <sys/utsname.h> |
| 19 | gethostname | int gethostname(char *name, int namelen); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 20 | time | time_t time(time_t *calptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 21 | gettimeofday | int gettimeofday(struct timeval *restrict tp, void *restrict tzp); | #include <sys/time.h> |
| 22 | gmtime | struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *calptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 23 | localtime | struct tm *localtime(const time_t *calptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 24 | mktime | time_t mktime(struct tm *tmptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 25 | asctime | char *asctime(const struct tm *tmptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 26 | ctime | char *ctime(const time_t *calptr); | #include <time.h> |
| 27 | strftime | size_t strftime(char *restrict buf, size_t maxsize, const char *restrict format, const struct tm *restrict tmptr); | #include <time.h> |
第7章 進程環境
| 序號 | 函數名 | 原型 | 頭文件 |
| 1 | exit | void exit(int status); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 2 | _Exit | void _Exit(int status); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 3 | _exit | void _Exit(int status); | #include <unistd.h> |
| 4 | atexit | int atexit(void (*func)(void)); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 5 | malloc | void *malloc(size_t size); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 6 | calloc | void *calloc(size_t nobj, size_t size); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 7 | realloc | void realloc(void *ptr, size_t newsize); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 8 | free | void free(void *ptr); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 9 | getenv | char *getenv(const char *name); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 10 | putenv | int putenv(char *str); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 11 | setenv | int setenv(const char *name, const char *value, int rewrite); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 12 | unsetenv | int unsetenv(const char *name); | #include <stdlib.h> |
| 13 | setjmp | int setjmp(jmp_buf env); | #include <setjmp.h> |
| 14 | longjmp | void longjmp(jmp_buf env, int val); | #include <setjmp.h> |
| 15 | getrlimit | int getrlimit(int resource, struct rlimit *rlptr); | #include <sys/resource.h> |
| 16 | setrlimit | int setrlimit(int resource, const struct rlimit *rlptr); | #include <sys/resource.h> |
