消息订阅发布
- 一个生产者,多个消费者
- 每个消费者都有自己的队列
- 生产者,没有直接把消息发送到队列,而是先发送到交换机
- 每个队列都要绑定到交换机
- 生产者发送的消息 经过交换机,到达队列,就能实现一个消息被多个消费者消费
话不多说,直接撸代码:
老套路,首先还是生产者:
public class Send {
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
Connection connection = RabbitConnection.getConnection(); //看前面文章写的工具类
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout"); //声明exchange,这里为什么是fanout待会下面解释
//send a msg
String msg = "hello exchange";
channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, msg.getBytes());
System.out.println("send:"+msg);
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
消费者1:
public class ReceiveOne {
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "receive1_queue"; //这里我们重新申请一个新的队列
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
Connection connection = RabbitConnection.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
channel.basicQos(1);
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, ""); //这里需要绑定exchange,其他的和前面的work_queue是一样的
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [ConsumerOne is] Received '" + message + "'");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(),false); //这里是手动应答
}
};
boolean autoAck = false;
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { });
}
}
消费者2:
public class ReceiveTwo {
private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "receive2_queue";
private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange";
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
Connection connection = RabbitConnection.getConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
channel.basicQos(1);
channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), "UTF-8");
System.out.println(" [ConsumerTwo is] Received '" + message + "'");
try {
Thread.sleep(2000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(),false); //这里是手动应答
}
};
boolean autoAck = false;
channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, autoAck, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> { }); }
}
我们启动send和两个消费者,消费者同时消费,同一个消息,
再回到控制台,发现绑定了两个队列:
关于send中那个fanout参数,有必要讲一下,它表示不处理路由键,具体路由键是怎么回事,可参考下面这个博客:
至此消息订阅发布模式结束。