Linux：操作系統
Apache(httpd)：提供web服務的軟件
MySQL：存儲數據的，不能存圖片和文件什麼的，
PHP：腳本語言，和shell類似但更復雜，做網址爲主
httpd、MySQL和PHP可以在一臺機器，也可以分開（httpd和PHP一定要在一起）
MySQL/MariaDB介紹
Mariadb是MySQL的一個分支，官網https://mariadb.com/最新版本10.2
MySQL是一個關係型數據庫，由mysql ab公司開發，mysql在2008年被sun公司收購（10億刀），2009年sun公司被oracle公司收購（74億刀）
MySQL官網https://www.mysql.com 最新版本5.7GA/8.0DMR
MySQL5.6變化比較大，5.7性能上有很大提升
MariaDB主要由SkySQL公司(現更名爲MariaDB公司)維護,SkySQL公司由MySQL原作者帶領大部分原班人馬創立.
Mariadb5.5版本對應MySQL的5.5，10.0對應MySQL5.6
Community 社區版本，Enterprise 企業版，GA（Generally Available)指通用版本，在生產環境中用的，DMR（Development Milestone Release)開發里程碑發佈版，RC（Release Candidate)發行候選版本，Beta開放測試版本，Alpha內部測試版本
MySQL安裝
MySQL的幾個常用安裝包：rpm、源碼、二進制免編譯
二進制免編譯：在Linux系統上做了編譯，再把編譯好的文件打包壓縮發佈，不用配置和編譯，直接拿來用；和rpm包類似，但優於rpm包可以自定義安裝目錄，rpm只能固定安裝目錄。
追求極致性能的話，最好自己編譯。
1、下載mysql的包，下到之前約定的目錄cd /usr/local/src/，軟件包區分平臺（64位和32位）
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz --2018-06-25 22:01:08-- http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz 正在解析主機 mirrors.sohu.com (mirrors.sohu.com)... 221.236.12.140 正在連接 mirrors.sohu.com (mirrors.sohu.com)|221.236.12.140|:80... 已連接。 已發出 HTTP 請求，正在等待迴應... 200 OK 長度：314581668 (300M) [application/octet-stream] 正在保存至: “mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz” 100%[============================================>] 314,581,668 375KB/s 用時 17m 30s 2018-06-25 22:18:38 (293 KB/s) - 已保存 “mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz” [314581668/314581668])
2、下載後解壓
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/README mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/data/test/db.opt
3、解壓後把mysql包改名放到/usr/local/目錄下
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# ls /usr/local/mysql ls: 無法訪問/usr/local/mysql: 沒有那個文件或目錄 [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# ls /usr/local/mysql bin data include man README share support-files COPYING docs lib mysql-test scripts sql-bench
4、並跳轉到改名字後的目錄下
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd !$ cd /usr/local/mysql [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls bin data include man README share support-files COPYING docs lib mysql-test scripts sql-bench
5、創建mysql用戶，新建data目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# useradd mysql [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# mkdir /data/ [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls /data/ [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]#
6、指定用戶爲mysql，指定datadir（mysql數據存放目錄），它會在目錄data中創建mysql目錄，但必須先有data目錄（即父目錄），整個過程是初始化
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db: Data::Dumper
告警：少了模塊，模塊叫Dumper
解決思路：少了包或者模塊，去安裝包，不知道名字就去模糊搜索
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base perl-Data-Dumper-Concise.noarch 2.020-6.el7 epel perl-Data-Dumper-Names.noarch 0.03-17.el7 epel perl-XML-Dumper.noarch 0.81-17.el7 base [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]#
搜索到的結果有4個包，可以考慮逐個嘗試有可能解決，但我知道是第一個。直接安裝，再執行告警前的命令
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
怎麼知道執行的過程是否對？
第一種方法：執行反饋中有2個OK
OK Filling help tables...2018-06-25 23:03:58 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2018-06-25 23:03:58 0 [Note] Ignoring --secure-file-priv value as server is running with --bootstrap. 2018-06-25 23:03:58 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.35) starting as process 2965 ... 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda. 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active. 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.35 started; log sequence number 1625977 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] Binlog end 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting. 2018-06-25 23:03:58 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown... 2018-06-25 23:04:00 2965 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987 OK
第二種方法：echo $?反饋是0，要記住echo $?是檢驗上一條命令是否對的，所以在執行完上條命令後不要執行任何其他命令，馬上執行echo $?
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# echo $? [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# 0
7、拷貝配置文件和啓動腳本
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls support-files/my-default.cnf support-files/my-default.cnf ##配置文件路徑##
可以用命令cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
拷貝配置文件到/etc/my.cnf
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls /etc/my.cnf ##其實系統該目錄下已經有了my.cnf的## /etc/my.cnf [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# rpm -qf /etc/my.cnf ##查看是哪個rpm包安裝的，是mariadb## mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64
也可以選用系統原有的，但需要該一下my.cnf文件內容，把下面
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# vim !$ vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid # # include all files from the config directory # !includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
改爲
[mysqld] datadir=/data/mysql ##改路徑## socket=/tmp/mysql.sock ##改路徑## # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used. # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd [mysqld_safe] #log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log ##註釋掉## #pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid ##註釋掉## # # include all files from the config directory # #!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d ##註釋掉##
把啓動腳本放到/etc/init.d/裏面去
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls /etc/init.d/mysqld ls: 無法訪問/etc/init.d/mysqld: 沒有那個文件或目錄 [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls /etc/init.d/ 123 functions netconsole network README [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls /etc/init.d/mysqld /etc/init.d/mysqld
還要做一下編輯
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# vi !$ vi /etc/init.d/mysqld ##在編輯中把下面的路徑加上## basedir=/usr/local/mysql ##指定mysql的程序目錄 datadir=/data/mysql ##定義在data目錄下
做權限的變更
##默認權限是755,就不用修改## [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ls -l /etc/init.d/mysqld -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10902 6月 26 20:20 /etc/init.d/mysqld ##如果不是需要更改權限## [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chmod 755
如果需要開機啓動，需要添加到系統服務列表
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig --list 注：該輸出結果只顯示 SysV 服務，並不包含 原生 systemd 服務。SysV 配置數據 可能被原生 systemd 配置覆蓋。 要列出 systemd 服務，請執行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。 查看在具體 target 啓用的服務請執行 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。 netconsole 0:關 1:關 2:關 3:關 4:關 5:關 6:關 network 0:關 1:關 2:開 3:開 4:開 5:開 6:關 [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld ##添加到系統服務列表 [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig --list 注：該輸出結果只顯示 SysV 服務，並不包含 原生 systemd 服務。SysV 配置數據 可能被原生 systemd 配置覆蓋。 要列出 systemd 服務，請執行 'systemctl list-unit-files'。 查看在具體 target 啓用的服務請執行 'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'。 mysqld 0:關 1:關 2:開 3:開 4:開 5:開 6:關 netconsole 0:關 1:關 2:關 3:關 4:關 5:關 6:關 network 0:關 1:關 2:開 3:開 4:開 5:開 6:關
也可以用命令啓動
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start ##也可以## [root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# service mysqld start Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err'. ....... SUCCESS! ##啓動成功
查看進程
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ps aux |grep mysql查看端口：3306（2186/mysqld）
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# netstat -lntp場景：沒有啓動腳本模板，可以用命令行啓動
--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf配置文件放在前面
$丟到後臺運行去
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql &[1] 2315[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# 180626 20:41:32 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err'.180626 20:41:32 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql
命令行無法關閉mysql服務，必須殺死
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# killall mysqld
經驗：
killall優於kill，以爲mysql在讀寫的時候，用killall是先停止讀寫，等待緩存裏面的數據讀寫完成再停止服務：而kill則會導致數據丟失，因爲它是直接停止服務，甚至會損害表。只能慢慢的等。
mysql有2個常用的引擎：innodb(存儲空間大)、myisam(存儲空間小)
MariaDB安裝
1、把Mariadb包下到/usr/local/src/目錄下
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb-10.2.6/bintar-linux-glibc_214-x86_64/mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz2、解壓包
tar zxvf mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64.tar.gz3、把解壓的包放到/usr/local/改名爲mariadb
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# mv mariadb-10.2.6-linux-glibc_214-x86_64 /usr/local/mariadb4、跳轉到該目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd /usr/local/mariadb5、創建用戶，數據目錄，初始化
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb/ --datadir=/data/mariadb6、確認初始化命令正確
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# echo $? 0
7、配置文件，分別按照內存大小選擇不同的配置文件，由於試驗內存不大隻有2G，選用my-small.cnf配置文件
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# cd /usr/local/mariadb/ [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ls bin data include mysql-test share COPYING DESTINATION INSTALL-BINARY README.md sql-bench COPYING.thirdparty docs lib README-wsrep support-files CREDITS EXCEPTIONS-CLIENT man scripts [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ls support-files/ binary-configure my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf my-small.cnf mysql.server wsrep_notify magic my-large.cnf mysqld_multi.server policy my-huge.cnf my-medium.cnf mysql-log-rotate wsrep.cnf
8、拷貝配置文件模板和啓動腳本,配置文件基本不用改，啓動腳本需要編輯一下
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# cp support-files/my-small.cnf /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mariadb [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# vim !$ vim /etc/init.d/mariadb ##編輯，需要修改2個地方 basedir= datadir= ##改爲## basedir=/usr/local/mariadb datadir=/data/mariadb conf=$basedir/my.cnf ##增加一行，指定配置文件所在的路徑 $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" & ##改爲## $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file="$conf" --datadir="$datadir" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" "$@" &
9、由於mariadb和mysql所監聽的端口是一致的，所以2個服務只能運行一個，在運行mariadb之前，需要檢測mysql是否有運行，有運行結束掉mysql
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysql root 3013 0.0 0.0 11816 1604 pts/0 S 20:50 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid mysql 3149 0.1 24.3 973096 456232 pts/0 Sl 20:50 0:11 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock root 3920 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 22:56 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# service mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! [root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysql root 3947 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 22:56 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
10、運行mariadb服務，用ps確認mariadb確實是啓動了
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# service mariadb start Starting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 確定 ] [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ps aux |grep mariadb root 1961 0.1 0.0 115432 1756 ? S 07:36 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mariadb --pid-file=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.pid mysql 2080 2.5 3.0 1125076 56564 ? Sl 07:36 0:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306 root 2119 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 07:36 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb
查看端口，端口也沒問題
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# netstat -ltnp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1091/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1312/master tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1091/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1312/master tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4150/mysqld
11、mariadb和mysql的區別，兩者安裝都差不多，但在mariadb安裝的時候單獨定義配置文件所在的路徑，目的是爲了和mysql不產生衝突；假如只安裝了mariadb,把my.cnf就放在etc下，啓動腳本就不需要去定義conf和變量了。
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ls /etc/my.cnf/etc/my.cnf[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysqlroot 4034 0.0 0.0 115432 1744 ? S 22:59 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pidmysql 4150 0.6 3.5 1125176 66680 ? Sl 22:59 0:04 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 4250 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 23:09 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadbroot 4034 0.0 0.0 115432 1744 ? S 22:59 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pidmysql 4150 0.4 3.5 1125176 66680 ? Sl 22:59 0:04 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 4271 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 23:14 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb stopStopping mariadb (via systemctl): [ 確定 ][root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadbroot 4315 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 23:14 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mysqlroot 4317 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 23:14 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# vim /usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf
##編輯my.cnf，把
[mysqld]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
改爲
[mysqld]datadir = /data/mariadb ##指定數據目錄port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# /etc/init.d/mariadb startStarting mariadb (via systemctl): [ 確定 ][root@zyshanlinux-001 mariadb]# ps aux |grep mariadbroot 4357 0.0 0.0 115432 1752 ? S 23:16 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --datadir=/data/mariadb --pid-file=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.pidmysql 4476 0.9 3.2 1125076 61580 ? Sl 23:16 0:00 /usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mariadb --datadir=/data/mariadb --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mariadb/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mariadb/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306root 4512 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 23:16 0:00 grep --color=auto mariadb
Apache安裝
Apache是一個基金會的名字，httpd纔是我們要安裝的軟件包，早期它的名字就叫apache
Apache官網www.apache.org
1、下載Apache包和apr和apr-util
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/httpd/httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
httpd2.2和httpd2.4的安裝不太一樣有區別，涉及到依賴的軟件apr，apr和apr-util是一個通用的函數庫，它讓httpd可以不關心底層的操作系統平臺，可以很方便地移植（從linux移植到windows）；httpd2.2和httpd2.4依賴的apr版本也不一樣，系統自帶的apr和我們要安裝的2.4是不匹配的，所以無法使用yum安裝的apr,需要自己編譯
2、解壓
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxvf httpd-2.4.33.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxvf apr-1.6.3.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar jxvf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
3、安裝apr-1.6.3
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# cd apr-1.6.3 [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# echo $? 0 [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# make && make install [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# ls /usr/local/apr/ bin build-1 include lib
4、安裝apr-util-1.6.1
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-1.6.3]# cd /usr/local/src/apr-util-1.5.4 [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr ##依賴apr## [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# make && make install [root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# ls /usr/local/apr-util/ bin include lib
5、安裝httpd-2.4.33
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apr-util-1.6.1]# cd ..
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.4.33
##起名2.4與2.2區分##
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
##依賴apr## ##動態擴展## ##支持哪些模塊，大多數
...
configure: error: pcre-config for libpcre not found. PCRE is required and available from http://pcre.org/ ##報錯##
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# yum list |grep pcre ##解決思路，查一下yum list
pcre.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 @anaconda
ghc-pcre-light.x86_64 0.4-13.el7 epel
ghc-pcre-light-devel.x86_64 0.4-13.el7 epel
mingw32-pcre.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel
mingw32-pcre-static.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel
mingw64-pcre.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel
mingw64-pcre-static.noarch 8.38-1.el7 epel
pcre.i686 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre-devel.i686 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre-devel.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre-static.i686 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre-static.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre-tools.x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base
pcre2.i686 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-devel.i686 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-devel.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-static.i686 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-static.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-tools.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-utf16.i686 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-utf16.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-utf32.i686 10.23-2.el7 base
pcre2-utf32.x86_64 10.23-2.el7 base
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# yum install -y pcre-devel ##安裝解決庫問題
##遇到這種輸出錯誤，仔細看看，一般都可查到或猜到答案##
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2.4 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
configure: summary of build options:
Server Version: 2.4.33
Install prefix: /usr/local/apache2.4
C compiler: gcc -std=gnu99
CFLAGS: -g -O2 -pthread
CPPFLAGS: -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE
LDFLAGS:
LIBS:
C preprocessor: gcc -E
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# echo $?
0
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# make && make install
[root@zyshanlinux-001 httpd-2.4.33]# cd /usr/local/apache2.4/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls
bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include logs man manual modules
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls -l bin/httpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2348432 6月 27 08:44 bin/httpd ##核心二進制文件
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# du -sh !$
du -sh bin/httpd
2.3M bin/httpd
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls conf/ ##配置文件
extra httpd.conf magic mime.types original
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls htdocs/
index.html ##默認訪問網站
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls logs/ ##訪問和錯誤日誌
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls man ##幫助文檔
man1 man8
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ls modules/ ##加載的模塊放置處，每個模塊代表一種功能
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# du -sh modules/
6.4M modules/
##查看模塊##
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M
##或者##
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M
##這裏並不是報錯，只是要你定義下'ServerName'##
AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::8fc3:bbdf:ba89:22a7. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
Loaded Modules:
core_module (static)
so_module (static)
http_module (static)
mpm_event_module (static)
authn_file_module (shared)
authn_core_module (shared)
authz_host_module (shared)
authz_groupfile_module (shared)
authz_user_module (shared)
authz_core_module (shared)
access_compat_module (shared)
auth_basic_module (shared)
reqtimeout_module (shared)
filter_module (shared)
mime_module (shared)
log_config_module (shared)
env_module (shared)
headers_module (shared)
setenvif_module (shared)
version_module (shared)
unixd_module (shared)
status_module (shared)
autoindex_module (shared)
dir_module (shared)
alias_module (shared)
上面括號裏面表示：shared動態是一個擴展的文件、static靜態直接把模塊編譯進了主二進制文件/vin/httpd
運行httpd服務，不用開機啓動，直接命令啓動就好
[root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::8fc3:bbdf:ba89:22a7. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message [root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# ps aux |grep httpd root 33892 0.0 0.1 97644 2536 ? Ss 09:03 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start daemon 33893 0.7 0.2 384472 4428 ? Sl 09:03 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start daemon 33894 0.0 0.2 384472 4428 ? Sl 09:03 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start daemon 33895 0.0 0.2 384472 4428 ? Sl 09:03 0:00 /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -k start root 33978 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 S+ 09:04 0:00 grep --color=auto httpd [root@zyshanlinux-001 apache2.4]# netstat -lntp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1090/sshd tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1441/master tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 33892/httpd tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1090/sshd tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1441/master tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 2080/mysqld
httpd默認監聽80端口，mysqld默認監聽3306端口，25是發郵件的，22是遠程登錄的
安裝PHP5
PHP官網www.php.net
當前主流版本爲5.6/7.1
1、進入約定下載目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]#
2、下載PHP5包，解壓，進入解壓目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz [root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd php-5.6.30
3、配置，初始化；把PHP放到最後安裝是由於，需要用到apache的工具，所以要先安裝apache，安裝PHP的時候才能定義apache的工具
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs##apache的工具路徑## --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc##PHP的配置文件## --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config##這3個是mysql和PHP的驅動## --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif##配置PHP需要的模塊＃＃
４、錯誤解決，第一次安裝PHP有許多庫是缺失的，根據錯誤一一解決，庫都是devel結尾的
configure: error: xml2-config not found. Please check your libxml2 installation. [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y libxml2-devel configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h> [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y openssl-devel configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y bzip2-devel configure: error: libjpeg.h not found. ##需要更換源，原本的源裏面沒有這個軟件包## [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y libjpeg-devel configure: error: png.h not found. [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y libpng-devel configure: error: freetype-config not found. [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y freetype-devel configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt. ##如果之前沒有安裝過epel這個擴展源，因爲mcrypt這個庫實在epel這個擴展源裏面## [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install epel-release [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install -y libmcrypt-devel
5、安裝成功
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+ | License: | | This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this | | distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation | | process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. | | If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort | | the installation process at this point. | +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ Thank you for using PHP. config.status: creating php5.spec config.status: creating main/build-defs.h config.status: creating scripts/phpize config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1 config.status: creating scripts/php-config config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1 config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1 config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1 config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1 config.status: creating main/php_config.h config.status: executing default commands [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# echo $? 0
6、make && make install
program: phpize program: php-config Installing man pages: /usr/local/php/php/man/man1/ page: phpize.1 page: php-config.1 Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/ [PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.4.0 [PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1 [PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1 [PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.3.0 [PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.10.1 Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path /usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/ [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php/ bin etc include lib php [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php/bin/ ##核心文件 pear peardev pecl phar phar.phar php php-cgi php-config phpize [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# du -sh /usr/local/php/bin/php 36M /usr/local/php/bin/php ##apache和PHP是通過下面的.so連接起來的## [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# du -sh /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so 37M /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so
查看PHP加載的模塊
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m [PHP Modules] bz2 Core ctype date dom ereg exif fileinfo filter gd hash iconv json libxml mbstring mcrypt mysql mysqli openssl pcre PDO pdo_mysql pdo_sqlite Phar posix Reflection session SimpleXML soap sockets SPL sqlite3 standard tokenizer xml xmlreader xmlwriter zlib [Zend Modules]
PHP是通過apache加載，以模塊的形式來運行
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/httpd -M AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::8fc3:bbdf:ba89:22a7. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message Loaded Modules: core_module (static) so_module (static) http_module (static) mpm_event_module (static) authn_file_module (shared) authn_core_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_core_module (shared) access_compat_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) reqtimeout_module (shared) filter_module (shared) mime_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) env_module (shared) headers_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) version_module (shared) unixd_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) dir_module (shared) alias_module (shared) php5_module (shared) ##非常重要的，缺失apache就支持PHP了##
配置文件[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# vi /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
隨用隨取，只要去掉#號就可以
LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so #LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so #LoadModule speling_module modules/mod_speling.so #LoadModule userdir_module modules/mod_userdir.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so #LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so ##取用的模塊
用命令/usr/local/php/bin/php -i |less可以查看PHP的一些信息
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i |less phpinfo() PHP Version => 5.6.30 System => Linux zyshanlinux-001 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 Build Date => Jun 27 2018 10:35:47 Configure Command => './configure' '--prefix=/usr/local/php' '--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs' '--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc' '--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config' '--with-libxml-dir' '--with-gd' '--with-jpeg-dir' '--with-png-dir' '--with-freetype-dir' '--with-iconv-dir' '--with-zlib-dir' '--with-bz2' '--with-openssl' '--with-mcrypt' '--enable-soap' '--enable-gd-native-ttf' '--enable-mbstring' '--enable-sockets' '--enable-exif' Server API => Command Line Interface Virtual Directory Support => enabled Configuration File (php.ini) Path => /usr/local/php/etc Loaded Configuration File => (none) Scan this dir for additional .ini files => (none) Additional .ini files parsed => (none) PHP API => 20131106 PHP Extension => 20131226 Zend Extension => 220131226 Zend Extension Build => API220131226,TS PHP Extension Build => API20131226,TS Debug Build => no Thread Safety => enabled Zend Signal Handling => disabled Zend Memory Manager => enabled Zend Multibyte Support => provided by mbstring IPv6 Support => enabled DTrace Support => disabled Registered PHP Streams => https, ftps, compress.zlib, compress.bzip2, php, file, glob, data, http, ftp, phar
複製參考配置文件到/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini，因爲前面初始化的時候有定義了路徑
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php/etc pear.conf [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -i |less Loaded Configuration File => /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini ##會在配置文件上增加這一行##
安裝PHP7
1、安裝php-7.1.6步驟與上面類似，定義的目錄名字和配置文件路徑不一樣，沒有--with-mysql反而是--with-mysqli
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# cd /usr/local/src [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.6.tar.bz2 [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# tar jxvf php-7.1.6.tar.bz2 [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# cd php-7.1.6 [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-bz2 --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --enable-exif [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# make && make install [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# echo $? 0 [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# du -sh !$ du -sh /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so 37M /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp7.so [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# /usr/local/php7/bin/php -m ##查看模塊，和5基本一致 [root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M ##apache加載2個PHP ... php5_module (shared) php7_module (shared)
可以運行2個php(5和7)，但apache必須指定好。
選擇用哪個PHP，在配置文件上修改
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-7.1.6]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf ##不想用哪個就在那行前面加#註釋掉哪個## LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so
Apache和PHP結合
httpd主配置文件/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf //修改以下4個地方
1、ServerName，去掉#號
##告警，沒報錯## [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl restart AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::8fc3:bbdf:ba89:22a7. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message ##更改配置文件可以去掉這段告警## [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf —————————————————————————— # ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself. # This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify # it explicitly to prevent problems during startup. # # If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here. # ServerName www.example.com:80 ##把#號去掉## —————————————————————————————————— ##雖然沒告警了，但出現了一個錯誤，是由於配置文件中用了2個PHP（5和7）產生衝突導致的## [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl restart httpd not running, trying to start /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl: 行 79: 51484 段錯誤 $HTTPD -k $ARGV [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf ##繼續修改配置文件 LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so #LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so ##註釋掉PHP7## ##最後沒有出現告警和報錯了##
2、Require all denied改爲Require all granted，爲了防止打開虛擬機配置的時候出現403或在Forbidden，正常的狀態都是200
首先連一下服務器
無法訪問，用CMD連接看網絡通不通：ping 192.168.106.128
如果telnet顯示不是內部或外部命令，也不是可運行的程序。就需要去win系統去打開telnet功能
只打開客戶端，不要打開服務端，否則它會監聽23端口，比較危險。
已經打開的話，就會顯示80端口連接失敗，的提示。也可以在linux中用命令查看一下打開的端口，80端口也是沒打開的
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# iptables -nvL ##查看打開的端口 [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT ##單獨用一個命令打開80端口
連接瀏覽器，就會顯示工作
連接window的cmd終端，通的狀態
退出該連接狀態：Ctrl+]退出，再quit退出telnet
更改配置文件
當Require all denied時，顯示
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# !vi vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t ##-t檢查語法是否錯誤，非常有用## Syntax OK ##修改了配置文件，需要重新加載配置文件，但不會重啓服務，最多就加載不成功，並不會殺死進程。## [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
當Require all granted，就顯示
<Directory />
AllowOverride none
Require all granted ##把denied改爲granted##
</Directory>
#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#
#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs"
<Directory "/usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs">
#
# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None
#
# Controls who can get stuff from this server.
#
Require all granted ##把denied改爲granted##
3、AddType application/x-httpd-php .php要支持PHP，所以要增加一個和PHP相關的配置，不然PHP沒法解析
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
4、DirectoryIndex index.html 後面加上 index.php
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t ##改完記得檢查語法## Syntax OK [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful ##加載配置##
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl start //啓動服務
netstat -lntp
curl localhost
增加文件是不用加載配置的
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vi /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/1.php ##在1.php中加上一下內容## <?php phpinfo(); ?>
PHP可以解析，就會顯示如下畫面
故意把AddType application/x-httpd-php .php從/usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf註釋掉，就會顯示原始代碼。
如果顯示原始代碼，PHP無法解析，解決思路步驟：
１、模塊是否存在
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M Loaded Modules: core_module (static) so_module (static) http_module (static) mpm_event_module (static) authn_file_module (shared) authn_core_module (shared) authz_host_module (shared) authz_groupfile_module (shared) authz_user_module (shared) authz_core_module (shared) access_compat_module (shared) auth_basic_module (shared) reqtimeout_module (shared) filter_module (shared) mime_module (shared) log_config_module (shared) env_module (shared) headers_module (shared) setenvif_module (shared) version_module (shared) unixd_module (shared) status_module (shared) autoindex_module (shared) dir_module (shared) alias_module (shared) php5_module (shared) ##是否有php5這個模塊
2、有模塊，但沒加載
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so /usr/local/apache2.4/modules/libphp5.so ##是否有這個文件，否則加載不了
3、有文件，沒有顯示，在配置有是否有這兩個配置
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
4、配置文件裏是否有AddType application/x-httpd-php .php，是否加了但是寫錯了的
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf # AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-httpd-php .php ##加的##
寫錯了，可以用語法檢查
/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t //測試語法5、index.php加不加不怎麼影響，
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf # <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
在瀏覽器上輸入IP，實際上訪問的是index.html
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ls /usr/local/apache2.4/htdocs/ 1.php index.html
真正的網址是www.baidu.com/index.html加了index.html就可以省略不寫，因爲我們提前定義了一個index.html
前面用的php5，現在不用php5用php7，在配置文件下注釋掉php5，取消php7的註釋，連接瀏覽器成功使用php7
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf #LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so LoadModule php7_module modules/libphp7.so ##用Ctrl+r可以輕鬆的把歷史命令提現出來用，很方便## (reverse-i-search)`-t': /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl ^C (reverse-i-search)`gra': /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl ^Caceful [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t Syntax OK [root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
拓展練習：
Discuz建站教程：[1]本地安裝discuz網站
https://jingyan.baidu.com/article/b87fe19eb57ff252183568d9.html
MySQL創建用戶與授權
https://www.cnblogs.com/sos-blue/p/6852945.html
mysql5.5源碼編譯安裝 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-1059-1-1.htmlmysql5.7二進制包安裝（變化較大） http://www.apelearn.com/bbs/thread-10105-1-1.htmlapache dso https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/6298apache apxs http://man.chinaunix.net/newsoft/ApacheMenual_CN_2.2new/programs/apxs.htmlapache工作模式 http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/archive/2012/11/20/2779977.htmlphp中mysql,mysqli,mysqlnd,pdo到底是什麼 http://blog.csdn.net/u013785951/article/details/60876816查看編譯參數 http://ask.apelearn.com/question/1295
