LNMP架構介紹
-
和LAMP不同的是，提供web服務的是Nginx
-
並且php是作爲一個獨立服務存在的，這個服務叫做php-fpm
-
Nginx直接處理靜態請求，動態請求會轉發給php-fpm
MySQL安裝
先把舊的mysql卸載，卸載步驟：
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ps aux |grep mysql ##檢查mysql服務是否開啓，開啓需要關閉
root 1627 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 21:22 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql ##刪除mysql的目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld ##刪除mysqld的啓動腳本
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ##可以保留[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# ps aux |grep mysql ##檢查mysql服務是否開啓，開啓需要關閉
root 1627 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 21:22 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql ##刪除mysql的目錄
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# rm -rf /etc/init.d/mysqld ##刪除mysqld的啓動腳本
[root@zyshanlinux-001 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ##可以保留
安裝新的mysql步驟:
cd /usr/local/src
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
useradd mysql
mkdir /data/
##初始化，就是mysql啓動需要的目錄全部生成。
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
##定義basedir和datadir
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql ##確認mysql服務啓動
root 1789 0.0 0.0 113308 1612 pts/0 S 21:38 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid
mysql 1924 2.0 24.0 973096 451200 pts/0 Sl 21:38 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 1948 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 21:39 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld ##把mysqld加入到服務列表
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on ##開機啓動
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# service mysqld stop ##加入列表後可以這樣停止
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# service mysqld start ##加入列表後可以這樣啓動
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql ##確實是開啓狀態
root 2048 0.0 0.0 11816 1604 pts/0 S 21:43 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid
mysql 2184 4.0 23.9 973096 449532 pts/0 Sl 21:43 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 2208 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 21:43 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql cd /usr/local/src
wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
useradd mysql
mkdir /data/
##初始化，就是mysql啓動需要的目錄全部生成。
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
##定義basedir和datadir
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql ##確認mysql服務啓動
root 1789 0.0 0.0 113308 1612 pts/0 S 21:38 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid
mysql 1924 2.0 24.0 973096 451200 pts/0 Sl 21:38 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 1948 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 21:39 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld ##把mysqld加入到服務列表
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on ##開機啓動
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# service mysqld stop ##加入列表後可以這樣停止
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# service mysqld start ##加入列表後可以這樣啓動
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
[root@zyshanlinux-001 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql ##確實是開啓狀態
root 2048 0.0 0.0 11816 1604 pts/0 S 21:43 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid
mysql 2184 4.0 23.9 973096 449532 pts/0 Sl 21:43 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/zyshanlinux-001.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
root 2208 0.0 0.0 112720 968 pts/0 R+ 21:43 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
PHP安裝
刪除舊的編譯文件命令：make clean 就變成剛解壓的狀態
安裝步驟：
和LAMP安裝PHP方法有差別，需要開啓php-fpm服務
[root@zyshanlinux-001]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# groupadd php-fpm;useradd -g php-fpm php-fpm ##創建php-fpm用戶
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cd php-5.6.30
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm(指定路徑) --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc (指定配置文件所在路徑）--enable-fpm（加上這句才能啓動該服務） --with-fpm-user=php-fpm（指定用戶） --with-fpm-group=php-fpm（指定用戶組） --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql（指定mysql的路徑） --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl和LAMP安裝PHP方法有差別，需要開啓php-fpm服務
[root@zyshanlinux-001]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# wget http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# groupadd php-fpm start;useradd -g php-fpm php-fpm ##創建php-fpm組和用戶
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cd php-5.6.30
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm(指定路徑) --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc (指定配置文件所在路徑）--enable-fpm（加上這句才能啓動該服務） --with-fpm-user=php-fpm（指定用戶） --with-fpm-group=php-fpm（指定用戶組） --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql（指定mysql的路徑） --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl
排障：
checking for cURL in default path... not found
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]#
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install libcurl-develchecking for cURL in default path... not found
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in <curl-dir>/include/curl/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]#
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# yum install libcurl-devel
初始化成功：
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
config.status: creating php5.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.conf
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/php-fpm.8
config.status: creating sapi/fpm/status.html
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
下面這步需要等待一段時間，完成
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# make && make install
...
Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.4.0
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1
[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.3.0
[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.10.1
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php-fpm/bin
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php-fpm/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php-fpm/include/php/ext/pdo/[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# make && make install
...
Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.4.0
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.4.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.1.1
[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.3.0
[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.10.1
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/php-fpm/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/usr/local/src/php-5.6.30/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php-fpm/bin
ln -s -f phar.phar /usr/local/php-fpm/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php-fpm/include/php/ext/pdo/
對比php和php-fpm的區別
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm
bin etc include lib php sbin var
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php
bin etc include lib php
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin ##php-fpm服務所在
php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/
log run
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/ ##存放日誌
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/ ##存放PID
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -m
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -i
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t ##測試配置文件的語法
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@zyshanlinux-001 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm
bin etc include lib php sbin var
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php
bin etc include lib php
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin ##php-fpm服務所在
php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/
log run
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/ ##存放日誌
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ls /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/ ##存放PID
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -m
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -i
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t ##測試配置文件的語法
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cd /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@zyshanlinux-001 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
配置php-fpm.conf
[global] ##定義全局參數
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www] ##模塊的名字
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock ##監聽的地址
##可以寫成這樣 listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 適合本地使用，即php和Nginx在同一臺機器裏
listen.mode = 666 ##定義sock的權限是666
user = php-fpm ##用戶
group = php-fpm ##組
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t ##測試配置文件的語法[global] ##定義全局參數
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www] ##模塊的名字
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock ##監聽的地址
##可以寫成這樣 listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 適合本地使用，即php和Nginx在同一臺機器裏
listen.mode = 666 ##定義sock的權限是666
user = php-fpm ##用戶
group = php-fpm ##組
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t ##測試配置文件的語法
拷貝啓動腳本：
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
加入服務列表，啓動php-fpm服務
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
root 53160 0.0 0.2 123652 4948 ? Ss 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm 53161 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53162 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53163 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53164 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53165 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53166 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53167 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53168 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53169 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53170 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53171 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53172 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53173 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53174 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53175 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53176 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53177 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53178 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53179 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53180 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
root 53182 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 22:38 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig --add php-fpm
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[root@zyshanlinux-001 php-5.6.30]# ps aux |grep php-fpm
root 53160 0.0 0.2 123652 4948 ? Ss 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)
php-fpm 53161 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53162 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53163 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53164 0.0 0.2 123652 4708 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53165 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53166 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53167 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53168 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53169 0.0 0.2 123652 4712 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53170 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53171 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53172 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53173 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53174 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53175 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53176 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53177 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53178 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53179 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
php-fpm 53180 0.0 0.2 123652 4716 ? S 22:35 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
root 53182 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 22:38 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm
Nginx介紹
Nginx官網 nginx.org，最新版1.13，最新穩定版1.12 （俄國人開發的）
Nginx應用場景：web服務、反向代理、負載均衡
Nginx著名分支，淘寶基於Nginx開發的Tengine，使用上和Nginx一致，服務名，配置文件名都一樣，和Nginx的最大區別在於Tenging增加了一些定製化模塊，在安全限速方面表現突出，另外它支持對js，css合併
Nginx核心+lua相關的組件和模塊組成了一個支持lua的高性能web容器openresty，參考http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/2280928Nginx官網 nginx.org，最新版1.13，最新穩定版1.12 （俄國人開發的）
Nginx應用場景：web服務、反向代理、負載均衡
Nginx著名分支，淘寶基於Nginx開發的Tengine，使用上和Nginx一致，服務名，配置文件名都一樣，和Nginx的最大區別在於Tenging增加了一些定製化模塊，在安全限速方面表現突出，另外它支持對js，css合併
Nginx核心+lua相關的組件和模塊組成了一個支持lua的高性能web容器openresty，參考http://jinnianshilongnian.iteye.com/blog/2280928
Nginx安裝
安裝步驟：
[root@zyshanlinux-001]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd nginx-1.12.1/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# make && make install[root@zyshanlinux-001]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
[root@zyshanlinux-001 src]# cd nginx-1.12.1/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# make && make install
nginx各目錄情況
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx
conf html logs sbin
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/conf/
fastcgi.conf fastcgi_params.default mime.types nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default koi-utf mime.types.default scgi_params uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params koi-win nginx.conf scgi_params.default win-utf
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/html/
50x.html index.html
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx
conf html logs sbin
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/conf/
fastcgi.conf fastcgi_params.default mime.types nginx.conf.default uwsgi_params
fastcgi.conf.default koi-utf mime.types.default scgi_params uwsgi_params.default
fastcgi_params koi-win nginx.conf scgi_params.default win-utf
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/html/
50x.html index.html
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/logs/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# ls /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
配置 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: http service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# Nginx Settings
NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"
start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
restart()
{
stop
start
}
configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
加入服務列表，啓動Nginx服務
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig --add nginx
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
跳轉，備份
[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak[root@zyshanlinux-001 nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
編輯nginx.conf [root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# vim nginx.conf
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2; ##定義子進程有幾個
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; ##定義最多打開多少個
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 2; ##定義子進程有幾個
error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; ##定義最多打開多少個
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 6000;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526;
server_names_hash_max_size 4096;
log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]'
' $host "$request_uri" $status'
' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 30;
client_header_timeout 3m;
client_body_timeout 3m;
send_timeout 3m;
connection_pool_size 256;
client_header_buffer_size 1k;
large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;
request_pool_size 4k;
output_buffers 4 32k;
postpone_output 1460;
client_max_body_size 10m;
client_body_buffer_size 256k;
client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;
proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;
fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 8k;
gzip_comp_level 5;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm
application/xml;
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /usr/local/nginx/html;
location ~ \.php$
{
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}
}
啓動nginx服務
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t ##檢查語法
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]#
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 55981 0.0 0.0 20540 628 ? Ss 23:23 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 55982 0.0 0.1 22984 3208 ? S 23:23 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 55983 0.0 0.1 22984 3208 ? S 23:23 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 55986 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 23:23 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t ##檢查語法
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]#
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx start
Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# ps aux |grep nginx
root 55981 0.0 0.0 20540 628 ? Ss 23:23 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
nobody 55982 0.0 0.1 22984 3208 ? S 23:23 0:00 nginx: worker process
nobody 55983 0.0 0.1 22984 3208 ? S 23:23 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 55986 0.0 0.0 112720 972 pts/0 R+ 23:23 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
測試：
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
body {
width: 35em;
margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
新建1.php，測試成功
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
<?php
echo "This is nginx test page";
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# curl localhost/1.php
This is nginx test page[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]#[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php
<?php
echo "This is nginx test page";
[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]# curl localhost/1.php
This is nginx test page[root@zyshanlinux-001 conf]#
拓展：
Nginx爲什麼比Httpd高效：原理篇 http://www.toxingwang.com/linux-unix/linux-basic/1712.html
mod_php 和 mod_fastcgi以及php-fpm的比較 http://dwz.cn/1lwMSd
概念瞭解：CGI，FastCGI，PHP-CGI與PHP-FPMhttp://www.nowamagic.net/librarys/veda/detail/1319/ https://www.awaimai.com/371.html
Nginx 隱藏服務器名稱和版本號http://www.voidcn.com/article/p-epufjzny-od.html
爲什麼基於事件驅動的服務器能實現高併發？https://www.zhihu.com/question/64727674
CGI、FastCGI和PHP-FPM關係圖解https://www.awaimai.com/371.html
https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/nginx/git/blob/master/4z/IO.md
