htpasswd是Apache附帶的程序，
htpasswd生成包含用戶名和密碼的文本文件，
每行內容格式爲“用戶名:密碼”，
用於用戶文件的基本身份認證。
當用戶瀏覽某些網頁的時候，
瀏覽器會提示輸入用戶名和密碼，
比如awstats的日誌報表，
你肯定不希望別人也能訪問，
因此就需要對這些報表網頁的訪問增加身份驗證。
如果你的web服務器是apache的話，
那麼應該會自帶htpasswd程序的，
不過我用的是nginx，
所以就需要安裝一下了
ubuntu的好處體現出來了，
輸入htpasswd，
系統會提示在哪個包中可以找到，
共查到5個包,
不是每個包都有htpasswd，
apt search htpasswd
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
apache2-utils/oldoldstable 2.4.10-10+deb8u16 amd64
Apache HTTP Server (utility programs for web servers)
golang-github-abbot-go-http-auth-dev/unknown,unknown 0.0~git20150714.0.46b9627-1~bpo8+1 all
Basic and Digest HTTP Authentication for golang http
libapache-htpasswd-perl/oldoldstable 1.8-1.1 all
Manage Unix crypt-style password file
lighttpd/oldoldstable,oldoldstable 1.4.35-4+deb8u1 amd64
fast webserver with minimal memory footprint
apt install apache2-utils
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
libapr1 libaprutil1
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apache2-utils libapr1 libaprutil1
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 291 not upgraded.
Need to get 196 kB/378 kB of archives.
After this operation, 959 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/debian-security/ jessie/updates/main apache2-utils amd64 2.4.10-10+deb8u16 [196 kB]
Fetched 196 kB in 0s (2,329 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package libapr1:amd64.
(Reading database ... 47423 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libapr1_1.5.1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libapr1:amd64 (1.5.1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libaprutil1:amd64.
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Unpacking libaprutil1:amd64 (1.5.4-1) ...
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Preparing to unpack .../apache2-utils_2.4.10-10+deb8u16_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apache2-utils (2.4.10-10+deb8u16) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Setting up libapr1:amd64 (1.5.1-3) ...
Setting up libaprutil1:amd64 (1.5.4-1) ...
Setting up apache2-utils (2.4.10-10+deb8u16) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-18+deb8u6) ...
htpasswd -bc .users user passwd
