【centos6.5】
redis鍵/值
關機重啓後，之前redis已經搭建完成
[root@master ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master ~]# iptables -F
[root@master ~]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf &【重啓主機後啓動報錯】
[1] 2270
[root@master ~]# [2270] 25 May 15:27:28.876 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
_._
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 2.8.9 (00000000/0) 64 bit
.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in stand alone mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 2270
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'
[2270] 25 May 15:27:28.880 # Server started, Redis version 2.8.9
[2270] 25 May 15:27:28.881 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition. To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
[2270] 25 May 15:27:28.892 * DB loaded from disk: 0.011 seconds
[2270] 25 May 15:27:28.892 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379
[root@master ~]# pkill redis【殺死進程redis】
[2270 | signal handler] (1558769373) Received SIGTERM, scheduling shutdown...
[root@master ~]# [2270] 25 May 15:29:33.530 # User requested shutdown...
[2270] 25 May 15:29:33.530 * Saving the final RDB snapshot before exiting.
[2270] 25 May 15:29:33.544 * DB saved on disk
[2270] 25 May 15:29:33.544 # Redis is now ready to exit, bye bye...
[1]+ Done redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf
[root@master ~]# sysctl vm.overcommit_memory=1【值改爲1】
vm.overcommit_memory = 1
[root@master ~]# redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf &
[1] 2284
[root@master ~]# [2284] 25 May 15:30:40.210 * Increased maximum number of open files to 10032 (it was originally set to 1024).
_._
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 2.8.9 (00000000/0) 64 bit
.-`` .-```. ```\/ _.,_ ''-._
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in stand alone mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 2284
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'
[2284] 25 May 15:30:40.232 # Server started, Redis version 2.8.9
[2284] 25 May 15:30:40.233 * DB loaded from disk: 0.000 seconds
[2284] 25 May 15:30:40.233 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379
[root@master ~]# ps -ef|grep redis
root 2284 2208 0 15:30 pts/1 00:00:00 redis-server *:6379
root 2288 2208 0 15:31 pts/1 00:00:00 grep redis
[root@master ~]# redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> auth yunjisuan
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> set user:01:passwd 99999
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get user:01:passwd
"99999"
1、數據類型
1.1 string 字符串類型
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan set work ">9000"
OK
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get work
">9000"
1.1.1 常規的string字符串類型
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan set work ">9000"
OK
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get work
">9000"
1.1.2 string類型也可以用來存儲數字，並支持數字的加減操作
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan set counter 1
OK
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan incr counter【自增1】
(integer) 2
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan incr counter
(integer) 3
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get counter
"3"
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan incrby counter 2【自增指定數值】
(integer) 5
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan incrby counter 2
(integer) 7
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get counter
"7"
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan decr counter【】自減1
(integer) 6
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan decr counter
(integer) 5
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get counter
"5"
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan decrby counter 2【自減指定數值】
(integer) 3
[root@master ~]# [2284] 25 May 15:42:17.254 * 10 changes in 300 seconds. Saving...
[2284] 25 May 15:42:17.257 * Background saving started by pid 2339
[2339] 25 May 15:42:17.298 * DB saved on disk
[2339] 25 May 15:42:17.299 * RDB: 6 MB of memory used by copy-on-write
[2284] 25 May 15:42:17.363 * Background saving terminated with success
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan decrby counter 2
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan get counter
"1"
1.1.3 爲key設置新值並且返回原值
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan
127.0.0.1:6379> set user01 zhangshan【設置新key-value】
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get user01
"zhangshan"
127.0.0.1:6379> getset user01 wangwu【設置新數據並返回舊數據】
"zhangshan"
127.0.0.1:6379> getset user01 liliu【設置新數據並返回舊數據】
"wangwu"
127.0.0.1:6379> getset user01 gongli【設置新數據並返回舊數據】
"liliu"
127.0.0.1:6379> get user01
"gongli"
1.1.4 string類型還支持批量讀寫操作
127.0.0.1:6379> mset name zhangsan age 44
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> mget name age
1) "zhangsan"
2) "44"
1.1.5 string類型還支持其部分的修改和獲取操作
127.0.0.1:6379> set images flower
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get images
"flower"
127.0.0.1:6379> append images .jpg【追加字符串】
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> get images
"flower.jpg"
127.0.0.1:6379> strlen images
(integer) 10
127.0.0.1:6379> substr images 0 6
"flower."
127.0.0.1:6379> substr images 0 5
"flower"
命令使用幫助
查看單個命令help + 命令名
127.0.0.1:6379> help set
SET key value [EX seconds] [PX milliseconds] [NX|XX]
summary: Set the string value of a key
since: 1.0.0
group: string
127.0.0.1:6379> help mset
MSET key value [key value ...]
summary: Set multiple keys to multiple values
since: 1.0.1
group: string
2、 list類型
redis能夠將數據存儲成一個列表，並能對這個列表進行豐富的操作
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush students "zhangsan"【將元素zhangsan放在students列表最左邊】
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush students "wangwu"【將元素wangwu插入列表的最左邊】
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush students "liliu"【將元素liliu插入列表的最左邊】
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 2【查看序列是0到2的元素】
1) "liliu"
2) "wangwu"
3) "zhangsan"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students "wangyue"【將元素wnagyue插入列表扥最右邊】
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3【查看序列是0到3的元素】
1) "liliu"
2) "wangwu"
3) "zhangsan"
4) "wangyue"
127.0.0.1:6379> llen students【查看列表元素的個數】
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> lpop students【移除最左邊的元素】
"liliu"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpop students【移除右邊的元素】
"wangyue"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3【列表裏只剩下兩個元素】
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhangsan"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students zhagnsan
(integer) 3
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students zhagnsan
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students zhagnsan
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhangsan"
3) "zhagnsan"
4) "zhagnsan"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrem students 2 "zhangsan"【刪除列表裏是zhangsan的元素，刪除兩次（從左向右刪）】
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhagnsan"
3) "zhagnsan"
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students zhangsan
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> rpush students zhagnsan
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> lrem students 1 "zhagnsan"【刪除列表裏的元素zhagnsan一次】
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3
1) "wangwu"
2) "zhagnsan"
3) "zhagnsan"
127.0.0.1:6379> lrem students 0 "zhagnsan"【清空列表所有的zhagnsan】
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 3
1) "wangwu"
redis也支持很多修改操作
linsert 在列表裏的某個值的前後插入元素
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 5
1) "wangwu"
127.0.0.1:6379> lpush students a b c d 【左插入元素abcd】
(integer) 5
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 5
1) "d"
2) "c"
3) "b"
4) "a"
5) "wangwu"
127.0.0.1:6379> linsert students before b xxx【在元素b的前邊插入元素xxx】
(integer) 6
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 9
1) "d"
2) "c"
3) "xxx"
4) "b"
5) "a"
6) "wangwu"
127.0.0.1:6379> linsert students after b xxx【在元素b的後邊插入元素xxx】
(integer) 7
127.0.0.1:6379> lrange students 0 9
1) "d"
2) "c"
3) "xxx"
4) "b"
5) "xxx"
6) "a"
7) "wangwu"
幫助 help @list
127.0.0.1:6379> help @list
BLPOP key [key ...] timeout
summary: Remove and get the first element in a list, or block until one is available
since: 2.0.0
BRPOP key [key ...] timeout
summary: Remove and get the last element in a list, or block until one is available
since: 2.0.0
BRPOPLPUSH source destination timeout
summary: Pop a value from a list, push it to another list and return it; or block until one is available
since: 2.2.0
LINDEX key index
summary: Get an element from a list by its index
since: 1.0.0
LINSERT key BEFORE|AFTER pivot value
summary: Insert an element before or after another element in a list
since: 2.2.0
LLEN key
summary: Get the length of a list
since: 1.0.0
LPOP key
summary: Remove and get the first element in a list
since: 1.0.0
LPUSH key value [value ...]
summary: Prepend one or multiple values to a list
since: 1.0.0
LPUSHX key value
summary: Prepend a value to a list, only if the list exists
since: 2.2.0
LRANGE key start stop
summary: Get a range of elements from a list
since: 1.0.0
LREM key count value
summary: Remove elements from a list
since: 1.0.0
LSET key index value
summary: Set the value of an element in a list by its index
since: 1.0.0
LTRIM key start stop
summary: Trim a list to the specified range
since: 1.0.0
RPOP key
summary: Remove and get the last element in a list
since: 1.0.0
RPOPLPUSH source destination
summary: Remove the last element in a list, append it to another list and return it
since: 1.2.0
RPUSH key value [value ...]
summary: Append one or multiple values to a list
since: 1.0.0
RPUSHX key value
summary: Append a value to a list, only if the list exists
since: 2.2.0
3、集合（sets）類型
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd users laoda【項集合users裏添加一個元素laoda】
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> sadd users laoer laosan【向結合users裏天界倆個元素laoer，laoda】
(integer) 2
127.0.0.1:6379> smembers users【查看集合裏的所有元素】
1) "laoer"【可以看到集合裏的元素是無序的】
2) "laosan"
3) "laoda"
向集合中添加三個元素，並讓redis返回所有元素。
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember users laoda【查看laoda是否存在與集合users】
(integer) 1【存在】
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember users laoer【查看元素laoer是否存在於集合users】
(integer) 1【存在】
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember users laosan【查看元素laosan是否存在於集合users】
(integer) 1【存在】
127.0.0.1:6379> sismember users laosi【查看元素laosi是否存在於集合users】
(integer) 0【不存在】
在新聞ID1000被加了幾個標籤tag1、2、5、77，就可以設置下面倆集合
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd news:1000:tags 1
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd news:1000:tags 2
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd news:1000:tags 5
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd news:1000:tags 77
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd tag:1:objects 1000
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd tag:2:objects 1000
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd tag:5:objects 1000
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd tag:77:objects 1000
(integer) 1
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan smembers news:1000:tags
1) "1"【獲取集合爲news:1000:tags的所有元素】
2) "2"
3) "5"
4) "77"
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan smembers tag:5:objects
1) "1000"【獲取集合爲tag:5:objects的所有元素】
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sadd tag:1:objects 500
(integer) 1【向集合tag:1:objects裏添加元素錒500】
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan smembers tag:1:objects
1) "500"【查看集合tag:1:objects裏的所有元素】
2) "1000"
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan smembers tag:2:objects
1) "1000"【查看集合tag:2:objects裏的所有元素】
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan sinter tag:1:objects tag:2:objects tag:5:objects tag:77:objects
1) "1000"【求集合tag:1:objects tag:2:objects tag:5:objects tag:77:objects裏所有元素的交集】
4、有序集合（sorted sets）類型
向一個有序集合裏添加元素
[root@master ~]# redis-cli -a yunjisuan【days是有序集合名，0是序號，mon是值】
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 0 mon
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 0 tue
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 2 web
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 3 thu
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 4 fri
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 5 sat
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> ZADD days 6 sun
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange days 0 6【查看集合索引0到6的元素】
1) "mon"
2) "tue"
3) "web"
4) "thu"
5) "fri"
6) "sat"
7) "sun"
從上面我們可以看出，ZADD創建的集合是有序集合
查看有序集合days的具體值的排序
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore days mon
"1"
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore days web
"2"
127.0.0.1:6379> zscore days fri
"4"
127.0.0.1:6379> zcount days 3 6
(integer) 4
127.0.0.1:6379> ZRANGEBYSCORE days 3 6
1) "thu"
2) "fri"
3) "sat"
4) "sun"
有序集合是通過一個dual-ported數據結構實現的
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1940 "1940-Alan Kay"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1953 "1953-Richard Stallman"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1965 "1965-Yukihiro Matsumoto"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1916 "1916-Claude Shannon"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1969 "1969-Linux Torvalds"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zadd hackers 1912 "1912-ALAN TURING"
(integer) 1
127.0.0.1:6379> zrange hackers 0 6【利用zrange進行排序查詢】
1) "1912-ALAN TURING"
2) "1916-Claude Shannon"
3) "1940-Alan Kay"
4) "1953-Richard Stallman"
5) "1965-Yukihiro Matsumoto"
6) "1969-Linux Torvalds"
127.0.0.1:6379> zrevrange hackers 0 -1【利用zrevrange進行方向查詢】
1) "1969-Linux Torvalds"
2) "1965-Yukihiro Matsumoto"
3) "1953-Richard Stallman"
4) "1940-Alan Kay"
5) "1916-Claude Shannon"
6) "1912-ALAN TURING"
5、hash 類型
redis 能夠存儲key對多個屬性的數據（比如user1、uname user1.passwd）
存儲一個hash類型test，他的屬性是name ，屬性數據是yunjisuan
127.0.0.1:6379> hset test name yunjisuan
(integer) 1
存儲一個hash類型test，它的屬性是age，屬性數據是35
127.0.0.1:6379> hset test age 35
(integer) 1
存儲一個hash類型test。它的屬性是age，屬性數據是nan
127.0.0.1:6379> hset test sex nan
(integer) 1
查看hash類型test的所有屬性值
127.0.0.1:6379> hvals test
1) "yunjisuan"
2) "35"
3) "nan"
查看hash類型test的所有屬性及屬性所有對應的值
127.0.0.1:6379> hgetall test
1) "name"
2) "yunjisuan"
3) "age"
4) "35"
5) "sex"
6) "nan"
