如何Load TXT 到HDInsight Hive table
记得以前做过一个小项目,需要把客户整理的TXT导入到数据库,然后结合客户的需求统计分析特定条件的报表,比如表的schema为:time, name, meeting, level。需求统计特定的时间有多少人开过会等等。
迁移txt到数据库的方法有很多,比如:SSIS或者开发entity framework,读txt文件内容,然后写到数据库。这里我们介绍如何用HDInsight load txt到 HDI hive table,同样可以实现客户的需求。
上传hivetable.txt到HDI的headnode。
SSH到创建好的HDInsight headnode,查看文件内容。
sshuser@hn0-hdites:~$ cat hivetable.txt
linlin,123,male
brian,345,male
lin,567,female
复制txt文件到HDFS存储:
hdfs dfs -copyFromLocal hivetable.txt wasb://[email protected]/hive/
Note: hditest.blob.core.windows.net为Azure Blob存储数据库。
连接到Hive接口:
beeline -u 'jdbc:hive2://headnodehost:10001/;transportMode=http'
针对TXT文件,创建表结构如下:
CREATE TABLE hiveexample (
name string,
id int,
sex string
)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
LINES TERMINATED BY '\n'
STORED AS TEXTFILE;
0: jdbc:hive2://headnodehost:10001/> SHOW CREATE TABLE hiveexample;
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
| createtab_stmt |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
| CREATE TABLE `hiveexample`( |
| `name` string, |
| `id` int, |
| `sex` string) |
| ROW FORMAT DELIMITED |
| FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' |
| LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' |
| STORED AS INPUTFORMAT |
| 'org.apache.hadoop.mapred.TextInputFormat' |
| OUTPUTFORMAT |
| 'org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.io.HiveIgnoreKeyTextOutputFormat' |
| LOCATION |
| 'wasb://[email protected]/hive/warehouse/hiveexample' |
| TBLPROPERTIES ( |
| 'numFiles'='1', |
| 'numRows'='0', |
| 'rawDataSize'='0', |
| 'totalSize'='49', |
| 'transient_lastDdlTime'='1570359102') |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--+
19 rows selected (0.656 seconds)
创建好的表结构如下:
0: jdbc:hive2://headnodehost:10001/> show tables;
+------------------+--+
| tab_name |
+------------------+--+
| hiveexample | |
+------------------+--+
导入HDFS上的存储文件hivetable.txt到表hiveexample:
LOAD DATA INPATH '/hive/hivetable.txt' OVERWRITE INTO TABLE hiveexample;
查看表内容:
0: jdbc:hive2://headnodehost:10001/> select * from hiveexample;
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
| hiveexample.name | hiveexample.id | hiveexample.sex |
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
| linlin | 123 | male |
| brian | 345 | male |
| lin | 567 | female |
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
0: jdbc:hive2://headnodehost:10001/> select * from hiveexample where sex = 'male';
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
| hiveexample.name | hiveexample.id | hiveexample.sex |
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
| linlin | 123 | male |
| brian | 345 | male |
+-------------------+-----------------+------------------+--+
2 rows selected (0.615 seconds)
这样你就可以用SQL的语言对表hiveexample做操作。
个人觉得Hive这个操作起来更灵活,方便,你值得拥有。