學習C#中調用COM，後期綁定（以及對WinHttp COM對象的C#封裝）

  開始學習C#了，沒打算從語法一點一點的看起！所以上來就直接開始代碼了！同時也和Delphi之間的某些操作進行比較比較！於是想到了一個朋友用Delphi寫的通過ip138查詢手機號碼的例子，他用的是IdHttp來進行提交操作的。我在之前寫飛信的控件的時候，用的http是Windows自己內部的COM庫：WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1，這個玩意用起來還是相當方便的，於是就乘着學習，藉機來在C#中動態創建這個COM對象。要知道在Delphi中創建和調用一個COM對象，那是相當方便的。直接一個CreateOleObject就能創建一個COM對象了，然後COM對象中的方法就能夠直接通過這個東西直接調用。那麼在C#中是否依然如此簡潔？不曉得，是因爲我剛接觸還是咋地，折磨了半天，實在沒摸索到簡單的方法來創建COM對象（當然，那種通過引用添加組件庫到C#環境中去的方法不算，因爲這個方法有一定的弊端，那便是當用戶換了環境，重新來編譯本程序的時候，由於新的環境中可能並沒有引用這個庫，所以直接編譯會出錯，於是咱們又要重新添加引用一次本庫！），唯一的辦法就是後期綁定COM對象（至於是否有簡單方法，我不知道的，因爲才學1天）。查閱了相關的一些資料之後得知，首先要通過COM對象名稱獲得這個對象在系統全局的一個ProgId，然後通過這個ProgId獲得這個對象的類型：

System.Type _ObjType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID(ComName);

然後通過這個類型來創建一個對象接口

object ComInstance= System.Activator.CreateInstance(_ObjType);       

之後，對該對象方法的調用都要通過type的InvokeMember方法來進行比如：

return ComType.InvokeMember(MethodName,System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,ComInstance,args);

哎！寫起來的代碼量還真是有點大呢！於是，產生了一個想法，將這個COM對象後期綁定的玩意封裝起來做一個公共的，能省多少代碼就省多少代碼，儘量的減少代碼量：

代碼：

/// <summary> /// COM對象的後期綁定調用類庫 /// </summary> public class DxComObject { private System.Type _ObjType; private object ComInstance; /*public DxComObject() { throw new }*/ public DxComObject(string ComName) { //根據COM對象的名稱創建COM對象 _ObjType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID(ComName); if(_ObjType==null) throw new Exception("指定的COM對象名稱無效"); ComInstance = System.Activator.CreateInstance(_ObjType); } public System.Type ComType { get{return _ObjType;} } //執行的函數 public object DoMethod(string MethodName,object[] args) { return ComType.InvokeMember(MethodName,System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,ComInstance,args); } public object DoMethod(string MethodName,object[] args,System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] ParamMods) { return ComType.InvokeMember(MethodName,System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,ComInstance,args,ParamMods,null,null); } //獲得屬性與設置屬性 public object this[string propName] { get { return _ObjType.InvokeMember( propName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, ComInstance, null ); } set { _ObjType.InvokeMember( propName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, ComInstance, new object[] {value} ); } } }

代碼寫的也不復雜，就這麼幾句，但是我想應該看起來更加明亮化了。

比如，我現在通過這個封裝操作庫來通過ip138查詢手機號碼的歸屬地

void Button1Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (textBox1.Text.Length == 0) { MessageBox.Show("請輸入一個手機號"); return; } DxComObject WinHttp = new DxComObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1"); string PostData = "http://www.ip138.com:8080/search.asp"; object[] args = new object[3];//指定參數 args[0] = "GET";args[1] = PostData;args[2] = false; WinHttp.DoMethod("Open",args);//執行Open方法 PostData = "action=mobile&mobile="+this.textBox1.Text; args = new object[2]; args[0] = "Content-Length";args[1] = PostData.Length; WinHttp.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",args); args = new object[2]; args[0] = "Content-Type";args[1] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; WinHttp.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",args); args = new object[2]; args[0] = "User-Agent";args[1] = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"; WinHttp.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",args); args = new object[1]; args[0] = PostData; WinHttp.DoMethod("Send",args); DxComObject AdoStream = new DxComObject("Adodb.Stream"); AdoStream["Type"] = 1; AdoStream["Mode"] = 3; args = new object[]{}; AdoStream.DoMethod("Open",args); args = new object[1]{WinHttp["ResponseBody"]}; AdoStream.DoMethod("Write",args); AdoStream["Position"] = 0; AdoStream["Type"] = 2; AdoStream["Charset"] = "GB2312"; string Result = AdoStream["ReadText"].ToString(); Info.mobileNo = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxPhone,Result); Info.City = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxPhoneCity,Result); Info.CardType = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxCardType,Result); Info.CityCode = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxCityCode,Result); this.propertyGrid1.Refresh(); }

//可見現在這個代碼就已經很明顯很明白了，但是寫的代碼量還是有些大，如果反覆使用的話，就不爽了還是要寫比較多的代碼，於是開始着手對WinHttp這個COM對象進行封裝

/// <summary> /// WinHttp對象庫 /// </summary> public class DxWinHttp { private DxComObject HttpObj; private string _ContentType; private int _ContentLength; private bool _Active; private System.Collections.ArrayList PostDataList;//提交的數據字段 public DxWinHttp() { //構建WinHttp對象 HttpObj = new DxComObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1"); _ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; _ContentLength = 0; PostDataList = new System.Collections.ArrayList(); } //提交參數信息的個數 public int PostDataCount { get{return PostDataList.Count;} } //設置Content-Type屬性 public string ContentType { get{return _ContentType;} set { if(!_Active) _ContentType = value; else if(_ContentType.CompareTo(value)!=0) { _ContentType = value; SetRequestHeader("Content-Type",_ContentType); } } } //對象是否是打開狀態 public bool Active { get{return _Active;} } //設置Send數據的長度 public int ContentLength { get{return _ContentLength;} set { if(!_Active) _ContentLength = value; else if(_ContentLength != value) { _ContentLength = value; HttpObj.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",new object[2]{"Content-Length",value}); } } } //執行之後返回的結果 public string ResponseBody { get { if(_Active) { DxComObject AdoStream = new DxComObject("Adodb.Stream"); AdoStream["Type"] = 1; AdoStream["Mode"] = 3; AdoStream.DoMethod("Open",new object[]{}); AdoStream.DoMethod("Write",new object[1]{HttpObj["ResponseBody"]}); AdoStream["Position"] = 0; AdoStream["Type"] = 2; AdoStream["Charset"] = "GB2312"; return AdoStream["ReadText"].ToString(); } else return ""; } } //設定請求頭 public string SetRequestHeader(string Header,object Value) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",new object[]{Header,Value}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } //打開URL執行OpenMethod方法,Async指定是否採用異步方式調用,異步方式不會阻塞 public string Open(string OpenMethod,string URL,bool Async) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("Open",new object[]{OpenMethod,URL,Async}); if (obj != null) { _Active = false; return obj.ToString(); } else { SetRequestHeader("Content-Type",_ContentType); SetRequestHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"); if (_ContentLength != 0) SetRequestHeader("Content-Length",_ContentLength); _Active = true; return "True"; } } //發送數據 public string Send(string body) { if(!_Active) return "False"; object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("Send",new object[1]{body}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } public void ClearPostData() { this.PostDataList.Clear(); } //增加提交數據信息 public void AddPostField(string FieldName,object Value) { this.PostDataList.Add(FieldName+"="+Value.ToString()); } //通過參數指定提交 public string DxPost() { if(!_Active) { return "False"; } string st=""; for(int i=0;i<this.PostDataList.Count;i++) { if(st != "") st = st + "&"+ PostDataList[i].ToString(); else st = PostDataList[i].ToString(); } this.ContentLength = st.Length; return Send(st); } //設置等待超時等 public string SetTimeouts(long ResolveTimeout,long ConnectTimeout,long SendTimeout,long ReceiveTimeout) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("SetTimeouts",new object[4]{ResolveTimeout,ConnectTimeout,SendTimeout,ReceiveTimeout}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } //等待數據提交完成 public string WaitForResponse(object Timeout,out bool Succeeded) { if(!_Active) {Succeeded = false;return "";} object obj; bool succ; succ = false; System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] ParamesM; ParamesM = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[1]; ParamesM[0] = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier (2); // 初始化爲接口參數的個數 ParamesM[0][1] = true; // 設置第二個參數爲返回參數 //ParamesM[1] = true; object[] ParamArray = new object[2]{Timeout,succ}; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("WaitForResponse",ParamArray,ParamesM); System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ParamArray[1].ToString()); Succeeded=bool.Parse(ParamArray[1].ToString()); //Succeeded = bool.Parse(ParamArray[1].ToString); if(obj != null) {return obj.ToString();} else return "True"; } public string GetResponseHeader(string Header,ref string Value) { if(!_Active) {Value="";return "";} object obj; /*string str; str = ""; System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] Parames; Parames = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[1]; Parames[0] = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier (2); // 初始化爲接口參數的個數 Parames[0][1] = true; */// 設置第二個參數爲返回參數 obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("GetResponseHeader",new object[2]{Header,Value}); //Value = str; if(obj != null) {return obj.ToString();} else return "True"; } }

封裝完成，此時再看，用本庫來查詢手機歸屬地的代碼：

void Button2Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (textBox1.Text.Length == 0) { MessageBox.Show("請輸入一個手機號"); return; } WinHttp.Open("GET","http://www.ip138.com:8080/search.asp",false); WinHttp.ClearPostData(); WinHttp.AddPostField("action","mobile"); WinHttp.AddPostField("mobile",this.textBox1.Text); WinHttp.DxPost(); string Result = WinHttp.ResponseBody; Info.mobileNo = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxPhone,Result); Info.City = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxPhoneCity,Result); Info.CardType = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxCardType,Result); Info.CityCode = GetReturnValue(DxValueType.DxCityCode,Result); this.propertyGrid1.Refresh(); }

現在的代碼已經減少到了很多了！

 

下面給出完整的COM封裝類庫代碼：

/* * Created by SharpDevelop. * 作者: 不得閒 * Date: 2009-12-2 * Time: 23:26 * * To change this template use Tools | Options | Coding | Edit Standard Headers. */ using System; namespace DxComOperate { /// <summary> /// COM對象的後期綁定調用類庫 /// </summary> public class DxComObject { private System.Type _ObjType; private object ComInstance; /*public DxComObject() { throw new }*/ public DxComObject(string ComName) { //根據COM對象的名稱創建COM對象 _ObjType = System.Type.GetTypeFromProgID(ComName); if(_ObjType==null) throw new Exception("指定的COM對象名稱無效"); ComInstance = System.Activator.CreateInstance(_ObjType); } public System.Type ComType { get{return _ObjType;} } //執行的函數 public object DoMethod(string MethodName,object[] args) { return ComType.InvokeMember(MethodName,System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,ComInstance,args); } public object DoMethod(string MethodName,object[] args,System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] ParamMods) { return ComType.InvokeMember(MethodName,System.Reflection.BindingFlags.InvokeMethod,null,ComInstance,args,ParamMods,null,null); } //獲得屬性與設置屬性 public object this[string propName] { get { return _ObjType.InvokeMember( propName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.GetProperty, null, ComInstance, null ); } set { _ObjType.InvokeMember( propName, System.Reflection.BindingFlags.SetProperty, null, ComInstance, new object[] {value} ); } } } /// <summary> /// WinHttp對象庫 /// </summary> public class DxWinHttp { private DxComObject HttpObj; private string _ContentType; private int _ContentLength; private bool _Active; private System.Collections.ArrayList PostDataList;//提交的數據字段 public DxWinHttp() { //構建WinHttp對象 HttpObj = new DxComObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1"); _ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; _ContentLength = 0; PostDataList = new System.Collections.ArrayList(); } //提交參數信息的個數 public int PostDataCount { get{return PostDataList.Count;} } //設置Content-Type屬性 public string ContentType { get{return _ContentType;} set { if(!_Active) _ContentType = value; else if(_ContentType.CompareTo(value)!=0) { _ContentType = value; SetRequestHeader("Content-Type",_ContentType); } } } //對象是否是打開狀態 public bool Active { get{return _Active;} } //設置Send數據的長度 public int ContentLength { get{return _ContentLength;} set { if(!_Active) _ContentLength = value; else if(_ContentLength != value) { _ContentLength = value; HttpObj.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",new object[2]{"Content-Length",value}); } } } //執行之後返回的結果 public string ResponseBody { get { if(_Active) { DxComObject AdoStream = new DxComObject("Adodb.Stream"); AdoStream["Type"] = 1; AdoStream["Mode"] = 3; AdoStream.DoMethod("Open",new object[]{}); AdoStream.DoMethod("Write",new object[1]{HttpObj["ResponseBody"]}); AdoStream["Position"] = 0; AdoStream["Type"] = 2; AdoStream["Charset"] = "GB2312"; return AdoStream["ReadText"].ToString(); } else return ""; } } //設定請求頭 public string SetRequestHeader(string Header,object Value) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("SetRequestHeader",new object[]{Header,Value}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } //打開URL執行OpenMethod方法,Async指定是否採用異步方式調用,異步方式不會阻塞 public string Open(string OpenMethod,string URL,bool Async) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("Open",new object[]{OpenMethod,URL,Async}); if (obj != null) { _Active = false; return obj.ToString(); } else { SetRequestHeader("Content-Type",_ContentType); SetRequestHeader("User-Agent","Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"); if (_ContentLength != 0) SetRequestHeader("Content-Length",_ContentLength); _Active = true; return "True"; } } //發送數據 public string Send(string body) { if(!_Active) return "False"; object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("Send",new object[1]{body}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } public void ClearPostData() { this.PostDataList.Clear(); } //增加提交數據信息 public void AddPostField(string FieldName,object Value) { this.PostDataList.Add(FieldName+"="+Value.ToString()); } //通過參數指定提交 public string DxPost() { if(!_Active) { return "False"; } string st=""; for(int i=0;i<this.PostDataList.Count;i++) { if(st != "") st = st + "&"+ PostDataList[i].ToString(); else st = PostDataList[i].ToString(); } this.ContentLength = st.Length; return Send(st); } //設置等待超時等 public string SetTimeouts(long ResolveTimeout,long ConnectTimeout,long SendTimeout,long ReceiveTimeout) { object obj; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("SetTimeouts",new object[4]{ResolveTimeout,ConnectTimeout,SendTimeout,ReceiveTimeout}); if(obj != null) return obj.ToString(); else return "True"; } //等待數據提交完成 public string WaitForResponse(object Timeout,out bool Succeeded) { if(!_Active) {Succeeded = false;return "";} object obj; bool succ; succ = false; System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] ParamesM; ParamesM = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[1]; ParamesM[0] = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier (2); // 初始化爲接口參數的個數 ParamesM[0][1] = true; // 設置第二個參數爲返回參數 //ParamesM[1] = true; object[] ParamArray = new object[2]{Timeout,succ}; obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("WaitForResponse",ParamArray,ParamesM); System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ParamArray[1].ToString()); Succeeded=bool.Parse(ParamArray[1].ToString()); //Succeeded = bool.Parse(ParamArray[1].ToString); if(obj != null) {return obj.ToString();} else return "True"; } public string GetResponseHeader(string Header,ref string Value) { if(!_Active) {Value="";return "";} object obj; /*string str; str = ""; System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[] Parames; Parames = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier[1]; Parames[0] = new System.Reflection.ParameterModifier (2); // 初始化爲接口參數的個數 Parames[0][1] = true; */// 設置第二個參數爲返回參數 obj = HttpObj.DoMethod("GetResponseHeader",new object[2]{Header,Value}); //Value = str; if(obj != null) {return obj.ToString();} else return "True"; } } }

 

這個對WinHttp的封裝，還並不完全，只是封裝了一部分的方法和屬性，剩下的，如果又需要的人，可自行封裝！

全部代碼下載地址