1.軟連接 （ln）
[root@hadoop000 ~]# ln -s /hadoop/app/apache-maven-3.6.2/conf/settings.xml setting.xml
[root@hadoop000 ~]# ll
total 189612
-rw-------. 1 root root 1894 Jan 6 04:05 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1925 Jan 6 04:09 initial-setup-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 194151339 Nov 18 15:19 jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 48 Jan 26 11:27 setting.xml -> /hadoop/app/apache-maven-3.6.2/conf/settings.xml
2.文件搜索命令 （find）
執行權限：所有用戶
語法：find 【搜索範圍】 【匹配條件】
功能描述：文件搜索
2.1 -name 按文件名搜索
find /etc/ -name init 在/etc/ 中查找文件init
-iname 不區分大小寫
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /etc/ -name init
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/init
/etc/sysconfig/init
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /etc/ -iname init
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/init
/etc/sysconfig/init
/etc/gdm/Init
2.2 -size 按文件大小搜索文件
find / -size +102400 在根目錄下查找大於50M的文件（linux 數據塊是512字節 0.5k,50m = 5 0*1024k * 2 = 1024 00,數據塊是linux系統最小的數據單位）
+n 大於 -n 小於 n 等於
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find / -size +102400
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.1293
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.13a4
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.14a4
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.158b
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.1668
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.1775
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.177c
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.191a
/hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/log.1a09
[root@hadoop000 ~]# ls -lh /hadoop/app/zookeeper-3.4.14/logs/version-2/
total 748K
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 6 18:26 log.1
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 7 06:07 log.1293
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 7 10:58 log.13a4
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 7 21:11 log.14a4
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 7 22:21 log.158b
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 12 10:10 log.1668
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 17 11:04 log.1775
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 19 14:18 log.177c
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 19 17:13 log.191a
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 21 16:39 log.1a09
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 65M Jan 22 14:51 log.1adb
2.3 -user 按文件所有者搜索文件
find /hadoop -user hadoop 在/hadoop目錄下查找所有者爲hadoop的文件
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /hadoop -user hadoop
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/logs/EmpCol-2019061810.log
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/logs/EmpCol-2019061811.log
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/logs/EmpCol-2019061815.log
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/lib
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/lib/ruoze222-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/lib/hadoop-hdfs-2.6.0-cdh5.16.1.jar
/hadoop/spark-works/etl/emp/lib/line-1.0.jar
/hadoop/.bashrc
/hadoop/.viminfo
2.4 -cmin 文件修改
find /root -cmin -10 在/root目錄下搜索10分鐘內被修改過屬性的文件和目錄
-cmin 文件屬性 change
-amin 訪問時間 access
-mmin 文件內容 modify
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /root -cmin -120
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /root -amin -120
/root/.cache/abrt
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find /root -mmin -120
2.5 -a / -o 多條件搜索
-a 兩個條件同時滿足
-o 兩個條件滿足任意一個即可
find /etc -size +163840 -a -size -204800
在/etc 下搜索大於80M 和小於100M 的文件
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find / -size +163840 -a -size -204800 -exec ls -lh {} \;
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 97M Jul 12 2019 /usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 88M Sep 11 15:05 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_231/jre/lib/amd64/libjfxwebkit.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 95M Oct 8 12:01 /hadoop/software/phoenix-4.10.0-cdh5.12.0/phoenix-4.10.0-cdh5.12.0-pig.jar
2.6 -exec / -ok 對搜索的文件執行操作
find /etc -name init -exec ls -ls -l {} \;
在/etc 下查找init 文件並顯示其詳細信息
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find / -size +163840 -a -size -204800 -exec ls -lh {} \;
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 97M Jul 12 2019 /usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 88M Sep 11 15:05 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_231/jre/lib/amd64/libjfxwebkit.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 95M Oct 8 12:01 /hadoop/software/phoenix-4.10.0-cdh5.12.0/phoenix-4.10.0-cdh5.12.0-pig.jar
2.7 -type 根據文件類型查找
f 文件
d 目錄
l 軟鏈接文件
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find / -size +102400 -a -type f
/hadoop/software/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.16.1.tar.gz
/hadoop/software/hbase-1.2.0-cdh5.16.1.tar.gz
/hadoop/software/flume-ng-1.6.0-cdh5.16.1.tar.gz
/hadoop/software/kafka_2.11-1.1.1.tgz
/hadoop/software/apache-phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-bin.tar.gz
/hadoop/software/apache-phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-bin/phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-hive.jar
/hadoop/software/apache-phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-bin/phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-client.jar
/hadoop/software/apache-phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-bin/phoenix-4.14.0-cdh5.14.2-pig.jar
/hadoop/software/spark-2.4.4-bin-hadoop2.6.tgz
2.8 -inum 根據i節點搜索
[root@hadoop000 ~]# ls -il
total 189612
100663362 -rw-------. 1 root root 1894 Jan 6 04:05 anaconda-ks.cfg
100663364 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1925 Jan 6 04:09 initial-setup-ks.cfg
102139148 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 194151339 Nov 18 15:19 jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz
103669271 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 48 Jan 26 11:27 setting.xml -> /hadoop/app/apache-maven-3.6.2/conf/settings.xml
[root@hadoop000 ~]# find / -inum 100663362
/root/anaconda-ks.cfg
3. grep 在文件內容中查找
命令所在路徑： /bin/grep
執行權限： 所有用戶
語法：grep -iv [指定字符串] [文件]
功能描述：在文件中搜索字符串匹配的行並輸出
- -i 不區分大小寫
- -v 排除指定字符串
- -v ^# /etc/inittab 排除以#開頭的行
範例： grep mysql /root/install.log
grep -v ^# /etc/inittab 排除以#開頭的行
4.遠程拷貝 scp
從本地複製到遠程
拷貝目錄
scp -r /home/test/ [email protected]:/home/test/
scp -r /root/cdh [email protected]:/root/cdh
