istio 1.3.0 安装试用

1. 简介

istio 目前最新版本为1.3.0，支持helm、ansiabled的安装方式，推荐通过Helm安装，可以支持很多精细的配置。

本文演示了helm3和istio 1.3的安装过程。

2、下载helm

helm 3相比helm 2.14.3变化还是比较大，跟istio的兼容性好像还有问题，推荐安装helm 2.14.3，后面的实验都是用2.14.3

（1）安装helm3

helm 3实现了绿色安装，下载解压就可以直接运行helm命令。

mkdir -p ~/helm3
cd ~/helm3
wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.0.0-beta.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf helm-v3.0.0-beta.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp helm /usr/local/bin/helm3

(2)安装helm2.14.3

mkdir -p ~/helm
cd ~/helm
wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v2.14.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf helm-v2.14.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd linux-amd64
cp helm /usr/local/bin
helm init --service-account tiller --skip-refresh --tiller-image junolu/tiller:v2.14.3
//检查是否安装成功
helm version

3、配置helm charts的加速仓库

添加微软的chart仓库，这个仓库与官网的charts仓库更新比较同步

helm repo add azure http://mirror.azure.cn/kubernetes/charts/
helm repo update
helm search mysql  //测试helm charts repo是否正常访问

4.下载istio

从官网下载istio1.3.0

mkdir -p /root/istio
cd /root/istio

wget https://github.com/istio/istio/releases/download/1.3.0/istio-1.3.0-linux.tar.gz

tar -xvf istio-1.3.0-linux.tar.gz

5. 配置helm的istio仓库

helm repo add istio.io https://storage.googleapis.com/istio-release/releases/1.3.0/charts/

6.安装istio

使用默认配置安装istio

(1).创建namespace,用于存放所有istio组件

kubectl create namespace istio-system

(2).创建crds自定义资源

helm template install/kubernetes/helm/istio-init  --name istio-init --namespace istio-system | kubectl apply -f -

或则

helm install istio.io/istio-init --name istio-init --namespace=istio-system

(3).验证crds是否创建成功，一共23个

kubectl get crds | grep 'istio.io' | wc -l

(4).安装istio组件

为了简化安装，我们使用values-istio-demo-auth.yaml这个配置文件，可以默认配置好istio的常用组组件

helm install install/kubernetes/helm/istio --name istio --namespace istio-system     --values install/kubernetes/helm/istio/values-istio-demo-auth.yaml

或则

helm install istio.io/istio --name istio --namespace=istio-system --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort --set grafana.enabled=true --set kiali.enabled=true --set tracing.enabled=true 

(5).修改ingress-gateway的模式

系统安装时，默认的ingress-gateway模式是load balance,本例中我们安装在自己的kubernetes中，所以，不能使用load balance,修改为 Nodeport

helm upgrade istio install/kubernetes/helm/istio --set gateways.istio-ingressgateway.type=NodePort

或

kubectl patch service istio-ingressgateway -n istio-system -p '{"spec":{"type":"NodePort"}}'

7 测试httpbin

(1).安装httpbin

//创建httpbin pods和svcs
kubectl apply -f samples/httpbin/httpbin.yaml  --namespace test
kubectl apply -f samples/httpbin/httpbin-gateway.yaml --namespace test

//修改gateway如下
cp httpbin-gateway.yaml  httpbin-gateway1.yaml

[root@centos75 httpbin]# cat httpbin-gateway1.yaml
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: httpbin-gateway
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - "httpbin.example.com"
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: httpbin
spec:
  hosts:
  - "httpbin.example.com"
  gateways:
  - httpbin-gateway
  http:
  - match:
    - uri:
      prefix: /status
    - uri:
      prefix: /delay
    route:
    - destination:
      port:
        number: 8000
      host: httpbin
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: httpbin
        port:
          number: 8000
[root@centos75 httpbin]#

//取得ingress的地址和端口信息
export INGRESS_HOST=$(kubectl -n istio-system get po -l istio=ingressgateway -o go-template='{{range .items}}{{.status.hostIP}}{{end}}')

export INGRESS_PORT=$(kubectl -n istio-system get svc istio-ingressgateway -o go-template='{{range .spec.ports}}{{if eq .name "http2"}}{{.nodePort}}{{end}}{{end}}')

export GATEWAY_URL=$INGRESS_HOST:$INGRESS_PORT

//测试是否match 路由生效
curl -I -HHost:httpbin.example.com http://$INGRESS_HOST:$INGRESS_PORT/status/200

(2).解析httpbin的流量路径

graph LR
Gateway--hosts,gateway-->VirtualService
VirtualService--hosts,host-->Service
Service--host-->Pod

(a) kubectl describe gateway httpbin-gateway

[root@centos75 ~]# kt describe gw httpbin-gateway
Name:         httpbin-gateway
Namespace:    test
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
                {"apiVersion":"networking.istio.io/v1alpha3","kind":"Gateway","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"httpbin-gateway","namespace":"test"},"s...
API Version:  networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
Kind:         Gateway
Metadata:
  Creation Timestamp:  2019-09-13T17:04:46Z
  Generation:          1
  Resource Version:    2771114
  Self Link:           /apis/networking.istio.io/v1alpha3/namespaces/test/gateways/httpbin-gateway
  UID:                 af318455-9246-463e-9d97-736004458250
Spec:
  Selector:
    Istio:  ingressgateway
  Servers:
    Hosts:
      httpbin.example.com                   --(1)需要同virtualservice的hosts匹配
    Port:
      Name:      http
      Number:    80
      Protocol:  HTTP
Events:          <none>

(b) kubectl describe virtualservice httpbin

[root@centos75 ~]# kt describe vs httpbin
Name:         httpbin
Namespace:    test
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
                {"apiVersion":"networking.istio.io/v1alpha3","kind":"VirtualService","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"httpbin","namespace":"test"},"sp...
API Version:  networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
Kind:         VirtualService
Metadata:
  Creation Timestamp:  2019-09-13T17:14:48Z
  Generation:          1
  Resource Version:    2772158
  Self Link:           /apis/networking.istio.io/v1alpha3/namespaces/test/virtualservices/httpbin
  UID:                 e72006ab-45ee-4e63-90a2-6fade656ea60
Spec:
  Gateways:
    httpbin-gateway                         --(2)指定本virtualservice定义的流量规则适用的gateway
  Hosts:
    httpbin.example.com                     --(3)同gateway定义里的hosts匹配
  Http:
    Match:
      Uri:
        Prefix:  /status
      Uri:
        Prefix:  /delay
    Route:
      Destination:
        Host:  httpbin                      --(4)指定后端接收流量的service或ServiceEntry的名字
        Port:
          Number:  8000                     --(5)后端Service或ServiceEntry的接收端口
Events:            <none>

© kubectl describe service httpbin

[root@centos75 ~]# kt describe svc httpbin
Name:              httpbin
Namespace:         test
Labels:            app=httpbin
Annotations:       kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration:
                     {"apiVersion":"v1","kind":"Service","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"app":"httpbin"},"name":"httpbin","namespace":"test"},"spec":{"...
Selector:          app=httpbin
Type:              ClusterIP
IP:                172.18.145.175
Port:              http  8000/TCP           --(6)后端service的对外端口
TargetPort:        80/TCP                   --(7)后端pod的访问端口
Endpoints:         192.168.148.94:80
Session Affinity:  None
Events:            <none>

(e) kubectl describe pod httpbin-7d9d5b55b9-52mxb

[root@centos75 ~]# kt describe po httpbin-7d9d5b55b9-52mxb
Name:           httpbin-7d9d5b55b9-52mxb
Namespace:      test
Priority:       0
Node:           centos75/10.0.135.30
Start Time:     Sat, 14 Sep 2019 00:26:47 +0800
Labels:         app=httpbin
                pod-template-hash=7d9d5b55b9
                version=v1
Annotations:    cni.projectcalico.org/podIP: 192.168.148.94/32
                sidecar.istio.io/status:
                  {"version":"610f2b5742375d30d7f484e296fd022086a4c611b5a6b136bcf0758767fefecc","initContainers":["istio-init"],"containers":["istio-proxy"]...
Status:         Running
IP:             192.168.148.94
Controlled By:  ReplicaSet/httpbin-7d9d5b55b9
Init Containers:
  istio-init:
    Container ID:  docker://42c5b3d84755502fe5048477585096ea35a9b33ee88bacde3c5b2241bd9935c9
    Image:         docker.io/istio/proxy_init:1.3.0
    Image ID:      docker-pullable://istio/proxy_init@sha256:aede2a1e5e810e5c0515261320d007ad192a90a6982cf6be8442cf1671475b8a
    Port:          <none>
    Host Port:     <none>
    Args:
      -p
      15001
      -z
      15006
      -u
      1337
      -m
      REDIRECT
      -i
      *
      -x

      -b
      *
      -d
      15020
    State:          Terminated
      Reason:       Completed
      Exit Code:    0
      Started:      Sat, 14 Sep 2019 00:26:48 +0800
      Finished:     Sat, 14 Sep 2019 00:26:49 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Limits:
      cpu:     100m
      memory:  50Mi
    Requests:
      cpu:        10m
      memory:     10Mi
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r7slk (ro)
Containers:
  httpbin:
    Container ID:   docker://50d746242eb3b1b87c1e40a3059890b6a3c2482334975452e50047010c2cb2c9
    Image:          docker.io/kennethreitz/httpbin
    Image ID:       docker-pullable://kennethreitz/httpbin@sha256:599fe5e5073102dbb0ee3dbb65f049dab44fa9fc251f6835c9990f8fb196a72b
    Port:           80/TCP              --(8)pod的访问端口定义
    Host Port:      0/TCP
    State:          Running
      Started:      Sat, 14 Sep 2019 00:35:28 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Environment:    <none>
    Mounts:
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r7slk (ro)
  istio-proxy:
    Container ID:  docker://84c019f39b6215950acb79e86593cb683d9344929ceabf7d07014586af01f782
    Image:         docker.io/istio/proxyv2:1.3.0
    Image ID:      docker-pullable://istio/proxyv2@sha256:f3f68f9984dc2deb748426788ace84b777589a40025085956eb880c9c3c1c056
    Port:          15090/TCP
    Host Port:     0/TCP
    Args:
      proxy
      sidecar
      --domain
      $(POD_NAMESPACE).svc.cluster.local
      --configPath
      /etc/istio/proxy
      --binaryPath
      /usr/local/bin/envoy
      --serviceCluster
      httpbin.$(POD_NAMESPACE)
      --drainDuration
      45s
      --parentShutdownDuration
      1m0s
      --discoveryAddress
      istio-pilot.istio-system:15010
      --zipkinAddress
      zipkin.istio-system:9411
      --dnsRefreshRate
      300s
      --connectTimeout
      10s
      --proxyAdminPort
      15000
      --concurrency
      2
      --controlPlaneAuthPolicy
      NONE
      --statusPort
      15020
      --applicationPorts
      80
    State:          Running
      Started:      Sat, 14 Sep 2019 00:35:29 +0800
    Ready:          True
    Restart Count:  0
    Limits:
      cpu:     2
      memory:  1Gi
    Requests:
      cpu:      100m
      memory:   128Mi
    Readiness:  http-get http://:15020/healthz/ready delay=1s timeout=1s period=2s #success=1 #failure=30
    Environment:
      POD_NAME:                          httpbin-7d9d5b55b9-52mxb (v1:metadata.name)
      ISTIO_META_POD_PORTS:              [
                                             {"containerPort":80,"protocol":"TCP"}
                                         ]
      ISTIO_META_CLUSTER_ID:             Kubernetes
      POD_NAMESPACE:                     test (v1:metadata.namespace)
      INSTANCE_IP:                        (v1:status.podIP)
      SERVICE_ACCOUNT:                    (v1:spec.serviceAccountName)
      ISTIO_META_POD_NAME:               httpbin-7d9d5b55b9-52mxb (v1:metadata.name)
      ISTIO_META_CONFIG_NAMESPACE:       test (v1:metadata.namespace)
      SDS_ENABLED:                       false
      ISTIO_META_INTERCEPTION_MODE:      REDIRECT
      ISTIO_META_INCLUDE_INBOUND_PORTS:  80
      ISTIO_METAJSON_LABELS:             {"app":"httpbin","pod-template-hash":"7d9d5b55b9","version":"v1"}

      ISTIO_META_WORKLOAD_NAME:          httpbin
      ISTIO_META_OWNER:                  kubernetes://api/apps/v1/namespaces/test/deployments/httpbin
    Mounts:
      /etc/certs/ from istio-certs (ro)
      /etc/istio/proxy from istio-envoy (rw)
      /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount from default-token-r7slk (ro)
Conditions:
  Type              Status
  Initialized       True
  Ready             True
  ContainersReady   True
  PodScheduled      True
Volumes:
  default-token-r7slk:
    Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
    SecretName:  default-token-r7slk
    Optional:    false
  istio-envoy:
    Type:       EmptyDir (a temporary directory that shares a pod's lifetime)
    Medium:     Memory
    SizeLimit:  <unset>
  istio-certs:
    Type:        Secret (a volume populated by a Secret)
    SecretName:  istio.default
    Optional:    true
QoS Class:       Burstable
Node-Selectors:  <none>
Tolerations:     node.kubernetes.io/not-ready:NoExecute for 300s
                 node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute for 300s
Events:          <none>
[root@centos75 ~]#

8 卸载istio

(1)通过helm卸载安装的istio

helm uninstall istio
helm uninstall istio-init

(2)手动卸载istio

kubectl delete crds `kubectl get crds -o custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers|grep istio`

kubectl delete clusterroles `kubectl get clusterroles -o custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers|grep istio`

kubectl delete clusterrolebindings `kubectl get clusterrolebindings -o custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers|grep istio`

kubectl delete mutatingwebhookconfigurations `kubectl get mutatingwebhookconfigurations -o custom-columns=NAME:.metadata.name --no-headers|grep istio`

kubectl delete clusterroles kiali
kubectl delete clusterroles kiali-viewer

kubectl delete ns istio-system