iOS編程-------UIView

//
//  AppDelegate.h
//  UI01_UIView
//
//  Created by t on 15/8/31.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 . All rights reserved.
//

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;


@end




//
//  AppDelegate.m
//  UI01_UIView
//
//  Created by t on 15/8/31.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 . All rights reserved.
//

#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate
//重寫dealloc
- (void)dealloc{
    [_window release];
    [super dealloc];
}

//該方法是加載成功之後執行,方法內部,建立了一個window,以及相關的子視圖.
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {

    /*
      一. UIWindow
      UIWindow 是UIView的子類,作用是加載圖片,以及傳遞觸摸事件給內部的視圖.一般一個App 只有一個window.
      我們可以把window認爲是畫板,其內部的view認爲是畫布,我們一般不會直接操作window,而是操作其內部的view.
    */

    //創建一個window,等屏大小
    self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]]autorelease];

    //設置window的背景顏色
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];

    //把seif.window設置爲主窗口且可見.
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];

    //window 是一個視圖容器,我們今後在window上添加視圖,纔可以顯示出來,凡是添加到window上面的視圖,視圖的屬性window不爲空.

    //二. UIView
    //1.創建view,並且初始化

    UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 10, 100, 20))];
    UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 30, 100, 20)) ];
    UIView *blackView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50,50 , 100, 20))];
    UIView *purpleView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 70, 100, 20))];
    UIView *yellowView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 90, 100, 20))];
    UIView *grayView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 110, 100, 20))];
    UIView *greenView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 130, 100, 20))];

    //    第二種方式,init和frame賦值分開來寫.
    //    UIView *redView1 = [[UIView alloc]init];
    //    redView1.frame = CGRectMake(150, 150, 150, 150);

    /*
    frame
    frame 本身是一個結構體類型,CGRect(CGPoint(x, y), CGSize(width, height))
    CGRect 結構體的成員是兩個結構體
    CGPoint(x, y)控制view的座標
    CGSize(Width, height)控制view的大小
    創建CGRect 類型變量,通過CGRectMake()函數

    注意:frame是子視圖在父視圖座標系中的位置.frame.origin 是子視圖的左上角距離父視圖原點的距離
    在ios中,一個視圖的座標原點,默認爲左上角.
    */

    UIView *orangeView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 150, 100, 20))];
    orangeView.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window addSubview:orangeView];
    [orangeView release];

    CGRect rec = orangeView.frame;  //封裝,方便以後用.
    rec.origin.y = 200;
    orangeView.frame = rec;

////    blackView.frame.origin.x = 50; //錯誤的,產生歧義!

    CGRect rec1 = blackView.frame;
    rec1.origin.x = 200;
    blackView.frame = rec1; //賦值

    //2.設置屬性
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];//給view的backgroundColor 背景顏色設置爲紅色
    blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    blackView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    purpleView.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
    yellowView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    grayView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
    greenView.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];

    //3.添加視圖到window上
    [self.window addSubview:redView];
    [self.window addSubview:blackView];
    [self.window addSubview:blueView];
    [self.window addSubview:purpleView];
    [self.window addSubview:yellowView];
    [self.window addSubview:grayView];
    [self.window addSubview:greenView];

    //4.釋放
    [redView release];
    [blueView release];
    [blackView release];
    [purpleView release];
    [yellowView release];
    [grayView release];
    [greenView release];

    /*
    view 的center 屬性
    center 爲視圖的中心點,是基於frame的origin 和 size 決定的
    center.x = frame.origin.x + size.width / 2
    center.y = frame.origin.y + size.height / 2
     */

//**********************************************************

    /*
    bounds
    bounds 是view的一個重要的屬性,代表的是實際顯示區域.
    bounds 參考的是view 自己的座標系.
    bounds.origin 爲 視圖的左上角 距離 本身座標系的位置. (視圖本身座標系原點默認爲左上角)因此bounds.origin默認爲(0, 0)
    */


    UIView *view1 = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200))];
    view1.backgroundColor = [UIColor magentaColor];
    [self.window addSubview:view1];

    //給view1 添加一個子視圖
    UIView *subView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    subView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [view1 addSubview:subView];

    //取到view1.bounds
    CGRect rect = view1.bounds;

    //改變bounds的origin
    rect.origin.x = 100;//view1視圖左上角,距離原點爲100
    view1.bounds = rect;

    //改變bounds的size
    CGRect rec2 = view1.bounds;
    rec2.size = CGSizeMake(300, 300);
    view1.bounds = rec2;

    NSLog(@"%f %f", view1.bounds.origin.x, view1.bounds.origin.y);
    [view1 release];


    //  frame bounds 總結
    //frame 是父視圖左上角 在父視圖座標系中的位置. 參考系爲父視圖座標系.改變frame的origin,改變的是子視圖在父視圖中的位置

    //bounds 是子視圖左上角 在本地座標系中的位置.參考系爲本地座標系.改變 bounds的origin.改變的是本視圖的座標系,視圖的原本位置不會發生變化,只是相對於原點座標的數值發生了改變.

    //改變bounds 不會改變自身的位置,會改變子視圖的位置.
    //bounds 是視圖的實際顯示區域.如果bounds的size和frame 的size 不同,會基於,view的中心點發生變化.
//********************************************************

    UIView *red1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    [self.window addSubview:red1View];
    [red1View release];

    UIView *orange1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(150, 150, 100, 100))];
    orange1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:orange1View atIndex:1];
    [orange1View release];

    UIView *yellow1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(200, 200, 100, 100))];
    yellow1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:yellow1View atIndex:2];
    [yellow1View release];

    UIView *blue1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(250, 250, 100, 100))];
    blue1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:blue1View aboveSubview:yellow1View];
    [blue1View release];


////insertSubView:bView belowSubView:aView 在aView 視圖的下面添加視圖bView . subView數組a對象index的前面.
    UIView *black1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(225, 225, 100, 100))];
    black1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:black1View belowSubview:blue1View];
    [black1View release];

    UIView *green1View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(50, 50, 100, 100))];
    green1View.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    [self.window addSubview:green1View];
    [green1View release];

  //管理視圖層次的方法,都只是針對於該子視圖的父視圖來說的,一個子視圖,只能有一個父視圖.

    for (UIView *view in self.window.subviews) {
         NSLog(@"%lu %p", [self.window.subviews count], self.window.subviews);
        [view removeFromSuperview];
    }

//****************************************
    //練習要求：新建一個工程，創建5個視圖(aView、bView、cView、dView、eView)
    UIView *aView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    [self.window addSubview:aView];
    [aView release];

    UIView *bView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(125, 125, 100, 100))];
    bView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:bView atIndex:1];
    [bView release];

    UIView *cView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(150, 150, 100, 100))];
    cView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:cView atIndex:2];
    [cView release];

    UIView *dView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(175, 175, 100, 100))];
    dView.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:dView atIndex:3];
    [dView release];

    UIView *eView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(200, 200, 100, 100))];
    eView.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [self.window insertSubview:eView atIndex:4];
    [eView release];

    [self.window bringSubviewToFront:aView];
    [self.window sendSubviewToBack:cView];
    [self.window exchangeSubviewAtIndex:3 withSubviewAtIndex:4];
    [cView removeFromSuperview];

 //***********************************
////    //view的常用屬性
    UIView *tagView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200))];
    tagView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    tagView.tag = 10;
    [self.window addSubview:tagView];
    [tagView release];

    UIView *view = [self.window viewWithTag:10];
    view.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

        tagView.hidden = NO;
        tagView.alpha = 0.5;
        UIView *superView = [tagView superview];
        superView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];

    for (UIView *view in self.window.subviews) {
        if (view.tag == 10) {
            UIView *tagView = [self.window viewWithTag:10];
            tagView.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
        }
    }


    UIView *black2View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100))];
    black2View.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
    [tagView addSubview:blackView];
    [black2View release];

    UIView *orange2View = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:(CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100))];
    orange2View.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
    [tagView addSubview:orange2View];
    [orange2View release];

    //給視圖添加標記
    black2View.tag = 11;
    orange2View.tag = 12;

    //獲取本視圖的所有子視圖
    NSArray *subViews = [tagView subviews];
    for (UIView *view in subViews) {
        if (view.tag == 11) {
//           view = [tagView viewWithTag:11];
            view.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
        }else if (view.tag == 12){
            view.backgroundColor = [UIColor cyanColor];
        }

    }


    return YES;
}

@end