mysql主從複製集羣搭建（基於日誌點的複製）
安裝mysql
【注意】防火牆開啓的情況下默認的mysql的3306端口會被阻止，所以需要我們手動設置3306端口在防火牆列表中的列外。
mysql配置步驟
- 在主master端建立複製用戶（此用戶是slave端用來讀取master端binarylog日誌所使用）
- 備份master端的數據，並在slave端恢復。
- 使用change master命令配置複製。
配置示例
- 集羣有三個節點，節點A、節點B、節點C
其中A、B互爲主從，C爲從節點，B爲C的主節點；
節點A配置my.cnf文件
配置文件中增加的內容如下：
#table name as lowercase
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet = 200M
#master conf
server-id=154
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin.index
binlog-do-db = softcentric
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
log-slave-updates
sync_binlog = 1
auto_increment_offset = 1
auto_increment_increment = 2
replicate-do-db = softcentric
replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema節點B配置my.cnf文件
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet = 200M
#slave conf
server-id=157
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin.index
binlog-do-db = softcentric
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema
replicate-do-db = softcentric
replicate-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
log-slave-updates
sync_binlog = 1
auto_increment_offset = 2
auto_increment_increment = 2節點C配置my.cnf文件
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet = 200M
#slave conf
server-id=158
log-bin=mysql-bin
log-bin-index=mysql-bin.index
relay-log=slave-relay-bin
relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
binlog-do-db = softcentric
binlog-ignore-db = mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema節點A上進入mysql 命令行：
- 第一步：創建用於複製的用戶
mysql> create user 'repl_user'@'192.168.31.15%' identified by '123456';- 賦予用戶複製的權限
# 在節點A的mysql上授權，讓節點B（157）主機使用的repl_user用戶有複製的權限
mysql> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.31.157';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000003
Position: 154
Binlog_Do_DB: softcentric
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
在節點B（157）上指定master通過設置參數，其中master_log_file， master_log_pos兩個參數來自上一步的輸出中的（File，Position）的值。
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.31.154',master_port=3306,master_user='repl_user',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=154;- 節點B啓動slave並查看狀態：
mysql>slave start;
mysql> show master status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000003
Position: 154
Binlog_Do_DB: softcentric
Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
Executed_Gtid_Set:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.31.154
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB: softcentric
Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema
在master A 上導入數據庫表，在節點B（slave）上查看同步的結果
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| softcentric |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.02 sec)
#這裏多了一個softcentric數據庫
mysql> use softcentric;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_softcentric |
+------------------------+
| act_evt_log |
| act_ge_bytearray |
| act_ge_property |
| act_hi_actinst |
| act_hi_attachment |
| act_hi_comment |
| act_hi_detail |
| act_hi_identitylink |
| act_hi_procinst |
| act_hi_taskinst |
| act_hi_varinst |
| act_id_group |上面我們看到，數據庫中的表已經創建，數據已經複製完成。
在slave節點C上（節點B 157作爲節點C的master）設置master的參數：
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.31.157',master_port=3306,master_user='repl_user',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=154;查看同步的結果：
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.31.157
Master_User: repl_user
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
.....
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| softcentric |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.07 sec)
mysql> use softcentric;show tables;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
+------------------------+
| Tables_in_softcentric |
+------------------------+
| act_evt_log |
| act_ge_bytearray |
| act_ge_property |
| act_hi_actinst |
| act_hi_attachment |
| act_hi_comment |
| act_hi_detail |參考內容
mycat+mysql集羣:實現讀寫分離，分庫分表
高可用mysql 書籍
