Java 数组输出
Java 数组输出一般都是用循环输出,例如(code1):
int[] arr = new int[10];
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
System.out.print(arr[i]);
}
但是,对于 char[] 类型的数组,可以使用一条输出语句输出,例如(code2):
char[] chs = { 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd' };
System.out.println(chs);
注意 code1 和 code2 中两条打印语句的区别:
System.out.print(arr[i]);//code1
System.out.println(chs);//code2
打印 int 数组 arr 的时候没有换行,因为是 System.out.print(); 打印 char 数组 chs 的时候,中间也没有换行,就好像是把 chs 数组内容当成了一个字符串打印一样。
char 数组之所以可以这样直接输出,是因为源码中的实现:
void java.io.PrintStream.println(char[] x)
/**
* Prints an array of characters and then terminate the line. This method
* behaves as though it invokes <code>{@link #print(char[])}</code> and
* then <code>{@link #println()}</code>.
*
* @param x an array of chars to print.
*/
public void println(char x[]) {
synchronized (this) {
print(x);
newLine();
}
}
void java.io.PrintStream.print(char[] s)
/**
* Prints an array of characters. The characters are converted into bytes
* according to the platform's default character encoding, and these bytes
* are written in exactly the manner of the
* <code>{@link #write(int)}</code> method.
*
* @param s The array of chars to be printed
*
* @throws NullPointerException If <code>s</code> is <code>null</code>
*/
public void print(char s[]) {
write(s);
}
void java.io.PrintStream.write(char[] buf)
/*
* The following private methods on the text- and character-output streams
* always flush the stream buffers, so that writes to the underlying byte
* stream occur as promptly as with the original PrintStream.
*/
private void write(char buf[]) {
try {
synchronized (this) {
ensureOpen();
textOut.write(buf);
textOut.flushBuffer();
charOut.flushBuffer();
if (autoFlush) {
for (int i = 0; i < buf.length; i++)
if (buf[i] == '\n')
out.flush();
}
}
}
catch (InterruptedIOException x) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
catch (IOException x) {
trouble = true;
}
}
textOut 是 BufferedWriter 对象,代表着向控制台输出信息的输出流对象。charOut 是 OutputStreamWriter 对象,是用来将字节转换成字符的转换流对象。textOut 包装了 charOuttextOut.write(buf);调用到以下方法:
/**
* Writes an array of characters.
*
* @param cbuf
* Array of characters to be written
*
* @throws IOException
* If an I/O error occurs
*/
public void write(char cbuf[]) throws IOException {
write(cbuf, 0, cbuf.length);
}
该方法就是将 char 数组的每个字符挨个输出到控制台中。
总结一句话,其实 System.out.println(c); 就是将 c 数组的每个字符挨个输出到控制台中。