如何配置apache虛擬主機
實驗目標：在apache實現基於域名的虛擬主機
實驗用的XAMPP版本爲1.7.7，內含apache版本爲2.2.21
實驗前準備：
1. 爲了測試不同的域名，在Windows/System32/drivers/etc/下覓得hosts文件，在其中添加實驗用的域名若干，如 -
127.0.0.1 test1.net
127.0.0.1 test2.net
如此，則在瀏覽器中輸入該倆域名時，Windows將其解析爲127.0.0.1本地地址。即，在瀏覽器中訪問localhost, test1.net, test2.net均可訪問XAMPP的歡迎頁。
2. 在apache目錄下建立目錄，以放置您不同的網站。爲保護XAMPP原有的htdocs中的歡迎頁內容，實驗另外建立了與htdocs平級的htdocs1目錄，在其下建立了test1.net, test2.net兩個子目錄用以放置實驗用的網站。如下 -
apache/htdocs1/test1.net - 放置test1.net網站內容
apache/htdocs1/test2.net - 放置test2.net網站內容
在這兩個目錄中各新建hello world一網頁 index.html，內容 -
<HEAD></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>hello~, 這是[對應的網站名，用以區別].net</H1></BODY>
</HTML>
實驗步驟：
1. 找到apache/conf/httpd.conf, 將其中的
ServerAdmin
ServerName
DocumentRoot
註釋掉。
2. 在httpd.conf中，找到行
如被註釋則解注。該文件記載了虛擬主機的參數。[以前虛擬主機參數是直接填寫在httpd.conf中的，爲了更好地組織文件，將其分離出去，類似於某些編程語言一樣。因此httpd.conf中include它，即相當於把它的內容填在了httpd.conf中。]
3. 這個httpd-vhosts.conf文件格式基本如下 -
NameVirtualHost *:80
#blah-blah
#blah-blah
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin XXXXXXXX
DocumentRoot "XXXXXXXX"
ServerName XXXXXXX
ServerAlias XXXXXX
ErrorLog "logs/XXXXXX-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/XXXXXXX-error.log" combined
</VirtualHost>
需要修改的，就是<VirtualHost>中的參數了。這個可以參見apache官方文檔。根據實驗域名，可以增加兩個<VirtualHost>：
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net"
ServerName test1.net
ServerAlias www.test1.net
ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined
<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test1.net">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net"
ServerName test2.net
ServerAlias www.test2.net
ErrorLog "logs/test1-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/test1-access.log" combined
<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs1/test2.net">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
注意，如果不在各VirtualHost中定義Directory的可訪問性，你將遇到的是Access Forbidden!就連原來的localhost也是。
4. 由於之前註釋掉了httpd.conf中的ServerName, DocumentRoot等，爲了仍然能以localhost訪問原XAMPP歡迎頁，就在增加一個VirtualHost，如下 -
ServerAdmin adm@localhost
DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs"
ServerName localhost
ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined
<Directory "C:/xampp/htdocs">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
爲了避免出錯，把它放置在第一個Virtualhost位置。
至此，apache基於域名的虛擬主機配置完成。可以通過http://localhost訪問XAMPP歡迎頁，通過http://test1.net和http://test2.net訪問各自的主頁。
#
# Virtual Hosts
#
# If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your
# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations
# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about
# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.
#
# Please see the documentation at
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/>
# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.
#
# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host
# configuration.
#
# Use name-based virtual hosting.
#
NameVirtualHost *:80
#
# VirtualHost example:
# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.
# The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not
# match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block.
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs"
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias www.skydao.com
ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined
<Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1"
ServerName project1.com
ServerAlias www.project1.com
ErrorLog "logs/project1-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/project1-access.log" combined
<Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/project1">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/zendTest/public"
ServerName zendTest.com
ServerAlias www.zendTest.com
DirectoryIndex index.php
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/testRewrite"
ServerName testRewrite.com
ServerAlias www.testRewrite.com
# DirectoryIndex index.php
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
DocumentRoot "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test"
ServerName test.com
ServerAlias www.test.com
ErrorLog "logs/zendTest-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/zendTest-access.log" combined
<Directory "E:/skydao/apache2/htdocs/test">
order allow,deny
allow from all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
