詳細編譯安裝nginx請參考【Nginx目錄結構與配置文件詳解】以及【Nginx安裝部署】，在這裏就進行簡單安裝
安裝Nginx
環境介紹
操作系統：
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 8 23:39:32 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
nginx軟件版本： nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
安裝依賴
注意：編譯安裝一定要安裝開發工具，否則無法進行安裝或安裝報錯
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel make gcc gcc-c++
安裝nginx
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/
[root@localhost opt]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# tar zxf nginx-1.17.6.tar.gz
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.17.6/
[root@localhost opt]# cd nginx-1.17.6/
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.6]#
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.6]# ls
auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE man README src
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.6]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install
啓動測試nginx
[root@localhost nginx-1.17.6]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@localhost nginx]# ls
conf html logs sbin
[root@localhost nginx]# cd sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# ./nginx
[root@localhost sbin]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx //查看端口
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11881/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 53405 11881/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 53404 11881/nginx: master
[root@localhost sbin]# ps aux | grep nginx //查看進程
jia 5496 0.0 0.0 302400 852 ? Sl 10:58 0:00 /usr/libexec/ibus-engine-simple
root 11881 0.0 0.0 20560 620 ? Ss 11:23 0:00 nginx: master process ./nginx
nobody 11882 0.0 0.1 23080 1632 ? S 11:23 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 11896 0.0 0.1 112728 988 pts/0 S+ 11:24 0:00 grep --color=auto ngin
設置爲系統命令
[root@localhost sbin]# ln nginx /usr/local/sbin/
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -t //檢查nginx語法
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost ~]# nginx -s stop //停止nginx
[root@localhost ~]# which nginx //查看啓動程序位置
/usr/local/sbin/nginx
方法一利用rc.local腳本
rc.local是啓動加載文件,在linux中要把一個程序加入開機啓動，一般可以通過修改rc.local來完成，這個文件時開機就要加載的文件，所以我們就可以利用linux這個文件設置nginx開機自啓動
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rc.local //文件存放在/etc目錄下
下面時rc.local的文件內容：
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
利用這個文件可以設置自己想在開機時啓動的命令，直接把自己想執行的命令寫到rc.local中就可以了
我們把nginx啓動命令加入此文件中
[root@localhost ~]# echo sh /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx >> /etc/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
如果你上面把nginx設置爲系統命令那你就可以直接寫命令就好了
nginx
然後讓我們重啓系統再次查看端口和進程
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
重啓後發現nginx自動啓動了
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4847/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 39265 4847/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 39264 4847/nginx: master
[root@localhost ~]# ps aux | grep nginx
root 4847 0.0 0.0 20560 612 ? Ss 11:45 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody 4848 0.0 0.1 23080 1388 ? S 11:45 0:00 nginx: worker process
root 4860 0.0 0.1 112724 988 pts/0 S+ 11:45 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
[root@localhost ~]#
方法二設置系統服務
推薦設置開機自啓
配置啓動生成pid文件
pid文件是進程文件裏面存放的是程序運行的進程ID也就是進程號
nginx生成pid文件需要修改配置文件
修改內容如下：
默認配置文件有這一條，如果沒有請在nginx.conf中找到這一條然後將前面註釋刪除就可以了
pid logs/nginx.pid;
在/usr/lib/systemd/system路徑下添加nginx.service文件
/usr/lib/systemd/system 此目錄是用來存放一些系統服務的
nginx文件內容：
[root@localhost system]# cat nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx //描述
After=syslog.target network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target \\描述服務類別
[Service]
Type=forking //設置運行方式，後臺運行
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid //設置PID文件
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //啓動命令
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID //重啓命令
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID //關閉命令
PrivateTmp=true //分配獨立的臨時空間
*注意命令需要寫絕對路徑
[Install] ///服務安裝的相關設置，可設置爲多用戶
WantedBy=multi-user.target
注意：此文件需要754的權限
測試啓動關閉
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx //啓動服務
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5249/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 42458 5249/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 42459 5249/nginx: master
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop nginx //關閉服務
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx //重新啓動服務
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5289/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 45346 5289/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 45347 5289/nginx: master
需要注意的是使用之前執行腳本來啓動服務的，無法使用此方法關閉服務
設置開機自啓動
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nginx
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nginx.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service.
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nginx
重啓看效果
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4081/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 32429 4081/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 32428 4081/nginx: master
init.d設置開機啓動
init啓動方式在centos7系統版本已經不推薦使用了
在/etc/init.d目錄中創建啓動文件nginx
文件內容如下：
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 345 80 20 //啓動順序
# description: start the nginx deamon //說明
# Source function library
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
prog=nginx
# 根據自己的路徑改寫CATALANA_HOME
CATALANA_HOME=/usr/local/nginx
export CATALINA_HOME
case "$1" in
start)
echo "Starting nginx..."
$CATALANA_HOME/sbin/nginx
;;
stop)
echo "Stopping nginx..."
$CATALANA_HOME/sbin/nginx -s stop
;;
restart)
echo "Stopping nginx..."
$CATALANA_HOME/sbin/nginx -s stop
sleep 2
echo
echo "Starting nginx..."
$CATALANA_HOME/sbin/nginx
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart}"
;;
esac
exit 0
設置權限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx //設置執行權限
測試啓動
[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx start //啓動nginx
Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@localhost init.d]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4081/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 38534 4081/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 38535 4081/nginx: master
[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx stop //關閉nginx
Stopping nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@localhost init.d]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
[root@localhost init.d]# service nginx restart //重新啓動nginx
Restarting nginx (via systemctl): [ 確定 ]
[root@localhost init.d]# netstat -anpl | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 5304/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 43218 5304/nginx: master
unix 3 [ ] STREA
在centos7中init.d中的服務默認也會在system目錄中
