linux高精度struct timespec 和 struct timeval

一、struct timespec 定義：

typedef long time_t;
#ifndef _TIMESPEC
#define _TIMESPEC
struct timespec {
	time_t tv_sec; // seconds 
	long tv_nsec; // and nanoseconds 
};
#endif

struct timespec有兩個成員，一個是秒，一個是納秒, 所以最高精確度是納秒。
一般由函數int clock_gettime(clockid_t, struct timespec *)獲取特定時鐘的時間，常用如下4種時鐘：
CLOCK_REALTIME 系統當前時間，從1970年1.1日算起
CLOCK_MONOTONIC 系統的啓動時間，不能被設置
CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID 本進程運行時間
CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID 本線程運行時間

struct tm *localtime(const time_t *clock);  //線程不安全
struct tm* localtime_r( const time_t* timer, struct tm* result );//線程安全
size_t strftime (char* ptr, size_t maxsize, const char* format,const struct tm* timeptr );

二、struct timeval 定義：

struct timeval {
	time_t tv_sec; // seconds 
	long tv_usec; // microseconds 
};
struct timezone{ 
	int tz_minuteswest; //miniutes west of Greenwich 
	int tz_dsttime; //type of DST correction 
};

struct timeval有兩個成員，一個是秒，一個是微秒, 所以最高精確度是微秒。
一般由函數int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, struct timezone *tz)獲取系統的時間

#include<stdio.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<sys/time.h>

void nowtime_ns()
{
    printf("---------------------------struct timespec---------------------------------------\n"); 
    printf("[time(NULL)]     :     %ld\n", time(NULL)); 
    struct timespec ts;
    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
    printf("clock_gettime : tv_sec=%ld, tv_nsec=%ld\n", ts.tv_sec, ts.tv_nsec);
    
    struct tm t;
    char date_time[64];
    strftime(date_time, sizeof(date_time), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", localtime_r(&ts.tv_sec, &t));
    printf("clock_gettime : date_time=%s, tv_nsec=%ld\n", date_time, ts.tv_nsec);
}
void nowtime_us()
{
    printf("---------------------------struct timeval----------------------------------------\n"); 
    printf("[time(NULL)]    :    %ld\n", time(NULL)); 
    struct timeval us;
    gettimeofday(&us,NULL);
    printf("gettimeofday: tv_sec=%ld, tv_usec=%ld\n", us.tv_sec, us.tv_usec);
    
    struct tm t;
    char date_time[64];
    strftime(date_time, sizeof(date_time), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", localtime_r(&us.tv_sec, &t));
    printf("gettimeofday: date_time=%s, tv_usec=%ld\n", date_time, us.tv_usec);
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    nowtime_ns();
    printf("\n");
    nowtime_us();
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}

#include <time.h>

// 返回自系統開機以來的毫秒數（tick）
unsigned long GetTickCount()
{
    struct timespec ts;

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);

    return (ts.tv_sec * 1000 + ts.tv_nsec / 1000000);
}


int main()
{
    struct timespec time1 = { 0, 0 };

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &time1);
    printf("CLOCK_REALTIME: %d, %d\n", time1.tv_sec, time1.tv_nsec);

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &time1);
    printf("CLOCK_MONOTONIC: %d, %d\n", time1.tv_sec, time1.tv_nsec);

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW, &time1);
    printf("CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW: %d, %d\n", time1.tv_sec, time1.tv_nsec);

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID, &time1);
    printf("CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID: %d, %d\n", time1.tv_sec,
           time1.tv_nsec);

    clock_gettime(CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID, &time1);
    printf("CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID: %d, %d\n", time1.tv_sec,
           time1.tv_nsec);

    printf("\n%d\n", time(NULL));

    printf("tick count in ms: %ul\n", GetTickCount());

    return 0;
}