Android的AlertDialog詳解自定義對話框

AlertDialog的構造方法全部是Protected的，所以不能直接通過new一個AlertDialog來創建出一個AlertDialog。

要創建一個AlertDialog，就要用到AlertDialog.Builder中的create()方法。

使用AlertDialog.Builder創建對話框需要了解以下幾個方法：

setTitle ：爲對話框設置標題
setIcon ：爲對話框設置圖標
setMessage：爲對話框設置內容
setView ：給對話框設置自定義樣式
setItems ：設置對話框要顯示的一個list，一般用於顯示幾個命令時
setMultiChoiceItems ：用來設置對話框顯示一系列的複選框
setNeutralButton ：普通按鈕

setPositiveButton ：給對話框添加"Yes"按鈕
setNegativeButton ：對話框添加"No"按鈕
create ：創建對話框
show ：顯示對話框
一、簡單的AlertDialog

下面，創建一個簡單的ALertDialog並顯示它：

[java] package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
                setTitle("對話框的標題").
                setMessage("對話框的內容").
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
                create();
        alertDialog.show();
    }
}
package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("對話框的標題").
    setMessage("對話框的內容").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}運行結果如下：

二、帶按鈕的AlertDialog

上面的例子很簡單，下面我們在這個AlertDialog上面加幾個Button，實現刪除操作的提示對話框

[java] package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
                setTitle("確定刪除？").
                setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？").
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
                setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    }
                }).
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    }
                }).
                setNeutralButton("查看詳情", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    }
                }).
                create();
        alertDialog.show();
    }
}
package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("確定刪除？").
    setMessage("您確定刪除該條信息嗎？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setPositiveButton("確定", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNeutralButton("查看詳情", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}在這個例子中，我們定義了三個按鈕，分別是"Yes"按鈕，"No"按鈕以及一個普通按鈕，每個按鈕都有onClick事件，TODO的地方可以放點了按鈕之後想要做的一些處理

看一下運行結果：

可以看到三個按鈕添加到了AlertDialog上，三個沒有添加事件處理的按鈕，點了只是關閉對話框，沒有任何其他操作。

三、類似ListView的AlertDialog
用setItems(CharSequence[] items, final OnClickListener listener)方法來實現類似ListView的AlertDialog

第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setItems(arrayFruit, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}運行結果如下：

四、類似RadioButton的AlertDialog
用setSingleChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, int checkedItem, final OnClickListener listener)方法來實現類似RadioButton的AlertDialog

第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是初始值（初始被選中的item），第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件

在這個例子裏面我們設了一個selectedFruitIndex用來記住選中的item的index

[java] package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {

    private int selectedFruitIndex = 0;

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };

        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
                setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
                .setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        selectedFruitIndex = which;
                    }
                }).
                setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }).
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    }
                }).
                create();
        alertDialog.show();
    }
}
package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {

private int selectedFruitIndex = 0;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);

final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setSingleChoiceItems(arrayFruit, 0, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      selectedFruitIndex = which;
     }
    }).
    setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, arrayFruit[selectedFruitIndex], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}

運行結果如下：

五、類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
用setMultiChoiceItems(CharSequence[] items, boolean[] checkedItems, final OnMultiChoiceClickListener listener)方法來實現類似CheckBox的AlertDialog
第一個參數是要顯示的數據的數組，第二個參數是選中狀態的數組，第三個參數是點擊某個item的觸發事件

[java] package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
        final boolean[] arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false};

        Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
                setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
                setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
                .setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit, arrayFruitSelected, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                        arrayFruitSelected[which] = isChecked;
                    }
                }).
                setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                        for (int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++) {
                            if (arrayFruitSelected[i] == true)
                            {
                                stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i] + "、");
                            }
                        }
                        Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, stringBuilder.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    }
                }).
                setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                    }
                }).
                create();
        alertDialog.show();
    }
}
package com.tianjf;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

final String[] arrayFruit = new String[] { "蘋果", "橘子", "草莓", "香蕉" };
final boolean[] arrayFruitSelected = new boolean[] {true, true, false, false};

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("你喜歡吃哪種水果？").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)
    .setMultiChoiceItems(arrayFruit, arrayFruitSelected, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
      arrayFruitSelected[which] = isChecked;
     }
    }).
    setPositiveButton("確認", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
      for (int i = 0; i < arrayFruitSelected.length; i++) {
       if (arrayFruitSelected[i] == true)
       {
        stringBuilder.append(arrayFruit[i] + "、");
       }
      }
      Toast.makeText(Dialog_AlertDialogDemoActivity.this, stringBuilder.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}運行結果如下：

六、自定義View的AlertDialog
有時候我們不能滿足系統自帶的AlertDialog風格，就比如說我們要實現一個Login畫面，有用戶名和密碼，這時我們就要用到自定義View的AlertDialog

先創建Login畫面的佈局文件

[html] <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/user" />

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:text="@string/passward" />

        <EditText
            android:layout_width="0dip"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

</LinearLayout>
然後在Activity裏面把Login畫面的佈局文件添加到AlertDialog上

import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;

  // 取得自定義View
  LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
  View myLoginView = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.login, null);

  Dialog alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).
    setTitle("用戶登錄").
    setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher).
    setView(myLoginView).
    setPositiveButton("登錄", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {

     @Override
     public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
      // TODO Auto-generated method stub
     }
    }).
    create();
  alertDialog.show();
}
}運行結果如下：

非阻塞的，而阻塞的對話框用的是PopupWindow。

先貼出程序運行的截圖：

main.xml的源碼：

[xhtml] view plain copy print?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
>
<Button android:id="@+id/Button01" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="非Layout型對話框" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></Button>
<Button android:id="@+id/Button02" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Layout型對話框" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></Button><View android:id="@+id/View01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></View>
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <Button android:id="@+id/Button01" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="非Layout型對話框" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></Button> <Button android:id="@+id/Button02" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Layout型對話框" android:layout_width="fill_parent"></Button><View android:id="@+id/View01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></View> </LinearLayout>

下圖是非Layout型對話框，直接使用AlertDialog

下圖是使用了Layout的對話框，可以自定義控件，實現更復雜的對話框

dialoglayout.xml的源碼：

[xhtml] view plain copy print?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<EditText android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_marginLeft="20dip"
android:layout_marginRight="20dip" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" android:id="@+id/edtInput"/>
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical"> <EditText android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_marginLeft="20dip" android:layout_marginRight="20dip" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" android:id="@+id/edtInput"/> </LinearLayout>

程序源碼：

[java] view plain copy print?

package com.testAlertDialog;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
public class testAlertDialog extends Activity {
Button btnShowDialog;
Button btnShowDialog_Layout;
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
//定義按鈕
btnShowDialog=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button01);
btnShowDialog.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
btnShowDialog_Layout=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button02);
btnShowDialog_Layout.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
}
//統一處理按鍵事件
class ClickEvent implements OnClickListener{
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(v==btnShowDialog)
showDialog(testAlertDialog.this);
else if(v==btnShowDialog_Layout)
showDialog_Layout(testAlertDialog.this);
}
}
//顯示基本的AlertDialog
private void showDialog(Context context) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.icon);
builder.setTitle("Title");
builder.setMessage("Message");
builder.setPositiveButton("Button1",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
setTitle("點擊了對話框上的Button1");
}
});
builder.setNeutralButton("Button2",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
setTitle("點擊了對話框上的Button2");
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("Button3",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
setTitle("點擊了對話框上的Button3");
}
});
builder.show();
}
//顯示基於Layout的AlertDialog
private void showDialog_Layout(Context context) {
LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(this);
final View textEntryView = inflater.inflate(
R.layout.dialoglayout, null);
final EditText edtInput=(EditText)textEntryView.findViewById(R.id.edtInput);
final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.setIcon(R.drawable.icon);
builder.setTitle("Title");
builder.setView(textEntryView);
builder.setPositiveButton("確認",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
setTitle(edtInput.getText());
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("取消",
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
setTitle("");

}

});

builder.show();

}

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