Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat實現消息服務

基於Spring+JMS+ActiveMQ+Tomcat，我使用的版本情況如下所示：

• Spring 2.5
• ActiveMQ 5.4.0
• Tomcat 6.0.30

下面通過學習與配置，實現消息服務的基本功能：發送與接收。Spring對JMS提供了很好的支持，可以通過JmsTemplate來方便地實現消息服務。這裏，我們的消息服務不涉及事務管理。下面簡單說明實現過程：

先看一下，我們最終的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml的內容，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core.xsd"> <bean id="listenerContainer" class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property> <property name="destination" ref="messageQueue"></property> <property name="messageListener" ref="receiveMessageListener"></property> </bean> <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory"></property> </bean> <bean id="messageQueue" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean"> <property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue"></property> </bean> <bean id="receiveMessageListener" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener"></bean> <bean id="messageSender" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.MessageSender"> <property name="jmsTemplate" ref="jmsTemplate"></property> </bean> <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate"> <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory"></property> <property name="defaultDestination" ref="messageQueue"></property> </bean> <bean id="sendMessageController" class="org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController"> <property name="messageSender" ref="messageSender" /> <property name="successView" value="/success" /> </bean> <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping"> <property name="mappings"> <props> <prop key="/sendMessage.do">sendMessageController</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="rc" /> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans>

我們使用Spring的org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer來收集消息，通過設置一個消息監聽器，具體實現類爲org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.ReceiveMessageListener，代碼如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.MessageListener; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; public class ReceiveMessageListener implements MessageListener { private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(ReceiveMessageListener.class); public void onMessage(Message message) { if (message instanceof TextMessage) { TextMessage text = (TextMessage) message; try { LOG.info("Received message:" + text.getText()); } catch (JMSException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } }

上面，對發送的消息進行監聽，並接收處理，我們只是簡單地打印出一條日誌內容。

對於listenerContainer，還需要注入連接工廠connectionFactory和消息目的destination這兩個屬性：connectionFactory我們使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory，並通過JNDI服務，綁定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/ConnectionFactory上；而destination屬性通過使用ActiveMQ的org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue消息隊列，也是通過JNDI服務綁定到名字java:comp/env/myJMS/MessageQueue上。所以，在Tomcat的conf/context.xml中的<Context>元素裏面加上如下配置：

<Resource name="myJMS/ConnectionFactory" auth="Container" type="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory" description="JMS Connection Factory" factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory" brokerURL="vm://shirdrnUrl" brokerName="MyActiveMQBroker"/> <Resource name="myJMS/MessageQueue" auth="Container" type="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue" description="My Message Queue" factory="org.apache.activemq.jndi.JNDIReferenceFactory" physicalName="MyMessageQueue"/>

我們通過使用JmsTemplate來實現消息的發送，所以實現的發送類要將JmsTemplate注入進去，實現代碼如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import javax.jms.JMSException; import javax.jms.Message; import javax.jms.Session; import javax.jms.TextMessage; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate; import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator; public class MessageSender { private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(MessageSender.class); private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate; public void setJmsTemplate(JmsTemplate jmsTemplate) { this.jmsTemplate = jmsTemplate; } public void sendMessage(final String message) { LOG.info("Send message: " + message); jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() { public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException { TextMessage textMessage = session.createTextMessage(message); return textMessage; } }); } }

上面基於Spring的MessageCreator來創建消息，通過調用JmsTemplate的send方法發送出去。

對於Web，我們使用了Spring MVC，通過實現一個控制器org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration.SendMessageController來控制頁面消息的發送及其視圖的派發。我們實現的SendMessageController類繼承自MultiActionController，可以在一個控制器中實現多個Action，代碼實現如下所示：

package org.shirdrn.spring.jms.integration; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.MultiActionController; public class SendMessageController extends MultiActionController { private String successView; private MessageSender messageSender; public ModelAndView sendMessage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { Map<String, Object> retMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); String message = request.getParameter("message"); messageSender.sendMessage(message); return new ModelAndView(successView, retMap); } public String getSuccessView() { return successView; } public void setSuccessView(String successView) { this.successView = successView; } public MessageSender getMessageSender() { return messageSender; } public void setMessageSender(MessageSender messageSender) { this.messageSender = messageSender; } }

上面調用模型層（Model）的MessageSender來實現發送消息的處理邏輯，如果發送成功，視圖派發到successView指定的頁面。可以看到，最前面我們給出的Spring配置內容分爲三組，最後一組是對控制器的配置：

viewResolver                     視圖解析器配置，可以將控制器中指定前綴（/）解析爲後綴是.jsp的頁面，例如/success解析爲/sucess.jsp

urlMapping                         請求URL與控制器的映射，例如對於滿足/sendMessage.do模式的請求，都會被指派給sendMessageController去處理

sendMessageController      控制器實現類，裏面的方法名稱可以自定義，但要在org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping中的mappings屬性中配置映射

然後，我們需要一個web部署描述文件，web.xml文件配置內容，如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml </param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> classpath:org/shirdrn/spring/jms/integration/applicationContext.xml </param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>controller</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>

另外，我們還要實現一個頁面，提供輸入發送消息的表單，提交後交給後臺處理，成功發送後跳轉到一個成功頁面。表單輸入頁面爲index.jsp，如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black"> <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post"> <table align="center"> <tr> <th colspan="2"> 消息發送控制檯 </th> </tr> <tr> <td> 消息內容： </td> <td> <input type="text" name="message"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <input type="reset" value="清除">      <input type="submit" value="發送"> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>

成功頁面爲success.jsp，就是給一個成功的提示信息，如下所示：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + path + "/"; %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <base href="<%=basePath%>"> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0"> <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"> <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"> <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css" mce_href="styles.css"> --> </head> <body> <div align="center" style="width: 500px; height: 300px; border:2px; borderColor:black"> <form action="sendMessage.do" method="post"> <table align="center"> <tr> <th colspan="2"> 消息發送報告 </th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> 狀態：發送成功 </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <a href="index.jsp" mce_href="index.jsp">返回</a> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> </body> </html>

至此，我們可以將實現的簡單web工程發佈到Tomcat容器，然後啓動Tomcat服務器，通過頁面可以發送消息，並通過日誌查看，實際消息發送和接收的情況。