dbca建库脚本——11g

dbca的建库脚本是使用模板来创建数据库，其优点是使用模板创建数据库通常速度都会很快，原因就在于数据文件是从种子数据库中恢复出来的，而不需要创建文件及字典对象等信息。

在是用dbca建库时可以保存建库的脚本，看下这些脚本。

[oracle@sharon sharon]$ cd scripts

[oracle@sharon scripts]$ ll

total 40

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2856 Sep 29 04:30 cloneDBCreation.sql

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 283Sep 29 04:30 CloneRmanRestore.sql

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1793 Sep 29 04:30 init.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1829 Sep 29 04:30 initsharonTemp.ora

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 509Sep 29 04:30 lockAccount.sql

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 654Sep 29 04:30 postDBCreation.sql

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 570Sep 29 04:30 postScripts.sql

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1372 Sep 29 04:30 rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 705Sep 29 04:30 sharon.sh

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 554Sep 29 04:30 sharon.sql

主要是运行shell脚本来掉sql脚本来建立数据库。

1. sharon.sh

[oracle@sharon scripts]$ more sharon.sh

#!/bin/sh

OLD_UMASK=`umask`

umask 0027

--建立相关目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/adump

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/dpdump

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/pfile

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/sharon

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/sharon

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs

--设置环境变量

umask ${OLD_UMASK}

ORACLE_SID=sharon; export ORACLE_SID

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

--在/etc/oratab中添加实例启动项

echo You should Add this entry in the /etc/oratab:sharon:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/sqlplus /nolog

--运行sharon.sql

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/sharon.sql

2. sharon.sql

set verify off

--设置sys/system用户密码

ACCEPT sysPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for SYS: ' HIDE

ACCEPT systemPassword CHAR PROMPT 'Enter new password for SYSTEM: ' HIDE

--创建口令文件

host /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/orapwdfile=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapwsharon force=y

--使用RMAN restore 生成数据文件

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/CloneRmanRestore.sql

--重建控制文件，修改相关参数

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/cloneDBCreation.sql

--更新库

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/postScripts.sql

--锁用户

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/lockAccount.sql

--编译无效对象，创建spfile ，重启数据库

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/postDBCreation.sql

3. CloneRmanRestore.sql

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/CloneRmanRestore.log append

--使用init.ora初始化文件启动数据库到nomount状态

startup nomountpfile="/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/init.ora";

--运行rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql脚本

@/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql;

spool off

init.ora

##############################################################################

###########################################

# Cache and I/O

###########################################

db_block_size=8192

###########################################

# Cursors and Library Cache

###########################################

open_cursors=300

###########################################

# Database Identification

###########################################

db_domain=""

db_name=sharon

###########################################

# File Configuration

###########################################

control_files=("/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/control01.ctl","/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/sharon/control02.ctl")

db_recovery_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752

###########################################

# Miscellaneous

###########################################

compatible=11.2.0.0.0

diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle

memory_target=422576128

###########################################

# Processes and Sessions

###########################################

processes=150

###########################################

# Security and Auditing

###########################################

audit_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/adump

audit_trail=db

remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

###########################################

# Shared Server

###########################################

dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=sharonXDB)"

###########################################

# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments

###########################################

undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql

set verify off;

set echo off;

set serveroutput on;

select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual;

variable devicename varchar2(255);

declare

omfname varchar2(512) := NULL;

done boolean;

begin

dbms_output.put_line(' ');

dbms_output.put_line('Allocating device.... ');

dbms_output.put_line('Specifying datafiles... ');

:devicename :=dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate;

dbms_output.put_line(' Specifing datafiles... ');

--从种子文件中取出数据文件

dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDataFile;

dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(1, '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/system01.dbf',0, 'SYSTEM');

dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(2,'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/sysaux01.dbf', 0, 'SYSAUX');

dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(3,'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/undotbs01.dbf', 0, 'UNDOTBS1');

dbms_backup_restore.restoreDataFileTo(4,'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/users01.dbf', 0, 'USERS');

dbms_output.put_line(' Restoring... ');

dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece('/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/Seed_Database.dfb', done); //种子文件

if done then

dbms_output.put_line('Restore done.');

else

dbms_output.put_line('ORA-XXXX: Restore failed ');

end if;

dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;

end;

select TO_CHAR(systimestamp,'YYYYMMDD HH:MI:SS') from dual;

dbms_backup_restore包的一些背景知识：

当通过RMAN进行数据库备份时，RMAN会将多个数据文件写出到一个或多个备份文件（称为备份集）中，RMAN的相关的备份信息或者存储在控制文件中，或者存储在RMAN的专用目录数据库（Catalog）中，如果RMAN的备份信息丢失，那么通常备份集中的文件是没有办法读取出来的，其他工具无法识别RMAN的备份集文件；而dbms_backup_restore就是针对这种情况提供的一种解决方案，dbms_backup_restore可以在数据库nomount状态下调用，直接从备份集中读取数据文件，功能十分强大。

DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE包由dbmsbkrs.sql和prvtbkrs.plb这两个脚本创建，创建数据库时执行的catproc.sql 脚本会调用这两个脚本以创建包，这些脚本文件可以在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin目录下找到，脚本文件中对包的内容有详细的介绍。

4. cloneDBCreation.sql

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/cloneDBCreation.log append

--重建控制文件

Create controlfile reuse set database "sharon"

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

Datafile

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/users01.dbf'

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo01.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo02.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo03.log') SIZE 51200KRESETLOGS;

execdbms_backup_restore.zerodbid(0);

/*zeroDbid是包中的一个过程，用于清空数据文件头的部分信息，新的dbid在之后的控制文件创建时可以被计算，对于数据库克隆，这是必须的。

zeroDbid有一个输入参数，即文件号：PROCEDURE zeroDbid(fno IN binary_integer);

当fno==0时，控制文件中包含的所有数据文件头都将被清零，zeroDbid主要用于清除数据文件头的3类信息：Database id信息、Checksum信息和Checksum符号位信息。*/

shutdownimmediate;

startupnomountpfile="/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/initsharonTemp.ora";

Create controlfile reuse set database "sharon"

MAXINSTANCES 8

MAXLOGHISTORY 1

MAXLOGFILES 16

MAXLOGMEMBERS 3

MAXDATAFILES 100

Datafile

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/system01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/sysaux01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/undotbs01.dbf',

'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/users01.dbf'

LOGFILE GROUP 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo01.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo02.log') SIZE 51200K,

GROUP 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/redo03.log') SIZE 51200KRESETLOGS;

altersystem enable restricted session;

alterdatabase "sharon" open resetlogs;

execdbms_service.delete_service('seeddata');

execdbms_service.delete_service('seeddataXDB');

alterdatabase rename global_name to "sharon";

--添加临时表空间

ALTERTABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/temp01.dbf' SIZE20480K REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 640K MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

selecttablespace_name from dba_tablespaces where tablespace_name='USERS';

altersystem disable restricted session;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/demo/schema/mkplug.sql&&sysPassword change_on_install change_on_install change_on_installchange_on_install change_on_install change_on_install/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/example.dmp /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/assistants/dbca/templates/example01.dfb/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/example01.dbf/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/ "\'SYS/&&sysPassword asSYSDBA\'";

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

shutdown immediate;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

startup restrictpfile="/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/initsharonTemp.ora";

select sid, program, serial#, username from v$session;

--设置字符集

alter database character set INTERNAL_CONVERT AL32UTF8;

alter database national character set INTERNAL_CONVERT AL16UTF16;

--修改sys/system用户密码

alter user sys account unlock identified by"&&sysPassword";

alter user system account unlock identified by"&&systemPassword";

alter system disable restricted session;

initsharonTemp.ora

##############################################################################

###########################################

# Cache and I/O

###########################################

db_block_size=8192

###########################################

# Cursors and Library Cache

###########################################

open_cursors=300

###########################################

# Database Identification

###########################################

db_domain=""

db_name=sharon

###########################################

# File Configuration

###########################################

control_files=("/u01/app/oracle/oradata/sharon/control01.ctl","/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/sharon/control02.ctl")

db_recovery_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

db_recovery_file_dest_size=4039114752

###########################################

# Miscellaneous

###########################################

compatible=11.2.0.0.0

diagnostic_dest=/u01/app/oracle

memory_target=422576128

###########################################

# Processes and Sessions

###########################################

processes=150

###########################################

# Security and Auditing

###########################################

audit_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/adump

audit_trail=db

remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE

###########################################

# Shared Server

###########################################

dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=sharonXDB)"

###########################################

# System Managed Undo and Rollback Segments

###########################################

undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS1

_no_recovery_through_resetlogs=true

/*_no_recovery_through_resetlogs FALSE norecovery through this resetlogs operation

这个参数用于限制恢复能否跨越resetlogs，对于数据库的恢复来说，resetlogs通常意味着不完全恢复，在数据库resetlogs打开之后，控制文件中的很多信息被改写，在Oracle 10g之前，如果数据库resetlogs打开，那么将不再能够通过当前的控制文件再次进行resetlogs点之前的恢复，而Oracle 10g改变了这个历史。

在Oracle 10g中，即使通过resetlogs方式打开了数据库，Oracle仍然支持再次从resetlogs时间点之前进行恢复；在Clone数据库时，Oracle设置这个参数为True，意思就是不允许再次进行跨越resetlogs时间点的恢复。*/

5. postScripts.sql

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/postScripts.log append

-更新dbms_sumadv_lib库

@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/rdbms/admin/dbmssml.sql;

execute dbms_datapump_utl.replace_default_dir;

commit;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

alter session set current_schema=ORDSYS; //ORDSYS为Oracle interMedia 管理员账户

--更新ORDIMLIBS库

@/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/ord/im/admin/ordlib.sql;

alter session set current_schema=SYS;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

execute ORACLE_OCM.MGMT_CONFIG_UTL.create_replace_dir_obj;

6. lockAccount.sql

SET VERIFY OFF

set echo on

spool /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/lockAccount.log append

--锁用户

BEGIN

FOR item IN ( SELECT USERNAME FROMDBA_USERS WHERE ACCOUNT_STATUS IN ('OPEN', 'LOCKED', 'EXPIRED') AND USERNAMENOT IN (

'SYS','SYSTEM') )

LOOP

dbms_output.put_line('Locking andExpiring: ' || item.USERNAME);

execute immediate 'alter user ' ||

sys.dbms_assert.enquote_name(

sys.dbms_assert.schema_name(

item.USERNAME),false) || ' password expireaccount lock' ;

END LOOP;

END;

spool off

7. postDBCreation.sql

SET VERIFY OFF

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

spool /u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/postDBCreation.log append

select 'utl_recomp_begin: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual;

execute utl_recomp.recomp_serial();

--重新编译某个schema(user)下的无效对象，如果为NULL则编译整个数据库。flags用于内部测试。

select 'utl_recomp_end: ' || to_char(sysdate, 'HH:MI:SS') from dual;

execute dbms_swrf_internal.cleanup_database(cleanup_local => FALSE);

commit;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

set echo on

--创建spfile

create spfile='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/spfilesharon.ora'FROM pfile='/u01/app/oracle/admin/sharon/scripts/init.ora';

--重启实例以使用spfile启动数据库

shutdown immediate;

connect "SYS"/"&&sysPassword" as SYSDBA

startup ;

spool off

参考文档：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23177306-id-2531023.html

Sharqueen

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dbca建库脚本——11g

1. sharon.sh

2. sharon.sql

3. CloneRmanRestore.sql

init.ora

rmanRestoreDatafiles.sql

4. cloneDBCreation.sql

initsharonTemp.ora

5. postScripts.sql

6. lockAccount.sql

7. postDBCreation.sql

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