PowerShell絕對是學習.Net Framework的好工具, 這句話是PowerShell團隊中某人說的, 實際確實如此, 我們可以通過Get-Member來窺探.Net中很多神祕的元素. 要學習.Net Framework, 我想很多人會拜讀Jeffrey Richter所編寫的<<Applied Microsoft .NET Framework Programming>>一書.
.Net Framework中的類在加載到應用域(Application Domain)時, 轉化爲System.RuntimeType的一個實例, System.RuntimeType是一個非公開的類, 你無法在MSDN上找到詳細信息, PowerShell提供了簡單途徑來窺探System.RuntimeType中的成員. 在Jeffrey Richter書中也介紹過System.RuntimeType的內容, 我們下面以System.String爲例, 用PowerShell進行詳細介紹:
PS C:/> [System.String].GetType().FullName
System.RuntimeType
我們看到了神祕System.RuntimeType類的實例, 我們可以用Get-Member看看這個類上都有哪些成員:
PS C:/> [System.String] | Get-Member | Sort-Object MemberType, Name
TypeName: System.RuntimeType
Name MemberType Definition
---- ---------- ----------
Assembly Property System.Reflection.Assembly Assembly {get;}
AssemblyQualifiedName Property System.String AssemblyQualifiedName {get;}
Attributes Property System.Reflection.TypeAttributes Attributes {get;}
BaseType Property System.Type BaseType {get;}
ContainsGenericParameters Property System.Boolean ContainsGenericParameters {get;}
DeclaringMethod Property System.Reflection.MethodBase DeclaringMethod {get;}
DeclaringType Property System.Type DeclaringType {get;}
FullName Property System.String FullName {get;}
GenericParameterAttributes Property System.Reflection.GenericParameterAttributes GenericParameterAttributes {g...
GenericParameterPosition Property System.Int32 GenericParameterPosition {get;}
GUID Property System.Guid GUID {get;}
HasElementType Property System.Boolean HasElementType {get;}
IsAbstract Property System.Boolean IsAbstract {get;}
IsAnsiClass Property System.Boolean IsAnsiClass {get;}
IsArray Property System.Boolean IsArray {get;}
IsAutoClass Property System.Boolean IsAutoClass {get;}
IsAutoLayout Property System.Boolean IsAutoLayout {get;}
IsByRef Property System.Boolean IsByRef {get;}
IsClass Property System.Boolean IsClass {get;}
IsCOMObject Property System.Boolean IsCOMObject {get;}
IsContextful Property System.Boolean IsContextful {get;}
IsEnum Property System.Boolean IsEnum {get;}
IsExplicitLayout Property System.Boolean IsExplicitLayout {get;}
IsGenericParameter Property System.Boolean IsGenericParameter {get;}
IsGenericType Property System.Boolean IsGenericType {get;}
IsGenericTypeDefinition Property System.Boolean IsGenericTypeDefinition {get;}
IsImport Property System.Boolean IsImport {get;}
IsInterface Property System.Boolean IsInterface {get;}
IsLayoutSequential Property System.Boolean IsLayoutSequential {get;}
IsMarshalByRef Property System.Boolean IsMarshalByRef {get;}
IsNested Property System.Boolean IsNested {get;}
IsNestedAssembly Property System.Boolean IsNestedAssembly {get;}
IsNestedFamANDAssem Property System.Boolean IsNestedFamANDAssem {get;}
IsNestedFamily Property System.Boolean IsNestedFamily {get;}
IsNestedFamORAssem Property System.Boolean IsNestedFamORAssem {get;}
IsNestedPrivate Property System.Boolean IsNestedPrivate {get;}
IsNestedPublic Property System.Boolean IsNestedPublic {get;}
IsNotPublic Property System.Boolean IsNotPublic {get;}
IsPointer Property System.Boolean IsPointer {get;}
IsPrimitive Property System.Boolean IsPrimitive {get;}
IsPublic Property System.Boolean IsPublic {get;}
IsSealed Property System.Boolean IsSealed {get;}
IsSerializable Property System.Boolean IsSerializable {get;}
IsSpecialName Property System.Boolean IsSpecialName {get;}
IsUnicodeClass Property System.Boolean IsUnicodeClass {get;}
IsValueType Property System.Boolean IsValueType {get;}
IsVisible Property System.Boolean IsVisible {get;}
MemberType Property System.Reflection.MemberTypes MemberType {get;}
MetadataToken Property System.Int32 MetadataToken {get;}
Module Property System.Reflection.Module Module {get;}
Name Property System.String Name {get;}
Namespace Property System.String Namespace {get;}
ReflectedType Property System.Type ReflectedType {get;}
StructLayoutAttribute Property System.Runtime.InteropServices.StructLayoutAttribute StructLayoutAttribute...
TypeHandle Property System.RuntimeTypeHandle TypeHandle {get;}
TypeInitializer Property System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo TypeInitializer {get;}
UnderlyingSystemType Property System.Type UnderlyingSystemType {get;}
Clone Method System.Object Clone()
Equals Method System.Boolean Equals(Object obj), System.Boolean Equals(Type o)
FindInterfaces Method System.Type[] FindInterfaces(TypeFilter filter, Object filterCriteria)
FindMembers Method System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] FindMembers(MemberTypes memberType, Binding...
GetArrayRank Method System.Int32 GetArrayRank()
GetConstructor Method System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo GetConstructor(BindingFlags bindingAttr,...
GetConstructors Method System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo[] GetConstructors(BindingFlags bindingAt...
GetCustomAttributes Method System.Object[] GetCustomAttributes(Boolean inherit), System.Object[] GetC...
GetDefaultMembers Method System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] GetDefaultMembers()
GetElementType Method System.Type GetElementType()
GetEvent Method System.Reflection.EventInfo GetEvent(String name, BindingFlags bindingAttr...
GetEvents Method System.Reflection.EventInfo[] GetEvents(BindingFlags bindingAttr), System....
GetField Method System.Reflection.FieldInfo GetField(String name, BindingFlags bindingAttr...
GetFields Method System.Reflection.FieldInfo[] GetFields(BindingFlags bindingAttr), System....
GetGenericArguments Method System.Type[] GetGenericArguments()
GetGenericParameterConstraints Method System.Type[] GetGenericParameterConstraints()
GetGenericTypeDefinition Method System.Type GetGenericTypeDefinition()
GetHashCode Method System.Int32 GetHashCode()
GetInterface Method System.Type GetInterface(String fullname, Boolean ignoreCase), System.Type...
GetInterfaceMap Method System.Reflection.InterfaceMapping GetInterfaceMap(Type ifaceType)
GetInterfaces Method System.Type[] GetInterfaces()
GetMember Method System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] GetMember(String name, MemberTypes type, Bi...
GetMembers Method System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] GetMembers(BindingFlags bindingAttr), Syste...
GetMethod Method System.Reflection.MethodInfo GetMethod(String name, BindingFlags bindingAt...
GetMethods Method System.Reflection.MethodInfo[] GetMethods(BindingFlags bindingAttr), Syste...
GetNestedType Method System.Type GetNestedType(String fullname, BindingFlags bindingAttr), Syst...
GetNestedTypes Method System.Type[] GetNestedTypes(BindingFlags bindingAttr), System.Type[] GetN...
GetObjectData Method System.Void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
GetProperties Method System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] GetProperties(BindingFlags bindingAttr), ...
GetProperty Method System.Reflection.PropertyInfo GetProperty(String name, BindingFlags bindi...
GetType Method System.Type GetType(), System.Type GetType()
InvokeMember Method System.Object InvokeMember(String name, BindingFlags bindingFlags, Binder ...
IsAssignableFrom Method System.Boolean IsAssignableFrom(Type c)
IsDefined Method System.Boolean IsDefined(Type attributeType, Boolean inherit)
IsInstanceOfType Method System.Boolean IsInstanceOfType(Object o)
IsSubclassOf Method System.Boolean IsSubclassOf(Type type)
MakeArrayType Method System.Type MakeArrayType(), System.Type MakeArrayType(Int32 rank)
MakeByRefType Method System.Type MakeByRefType()
MakeGenericType Method System.Type MakeGenericType(Type[] instantiation)
MakePointerType Method System.Type MakePointerType()
ToString Method System.String ToString()
我們可以通過System.RuntimeType上的GetContructors方法知道System.String上的構造函數:
PS C:/> [System.String].GetConstructors() | %{ $_.ToString() }
Void .ctor(Char*)
Void .ctor(Char*, Int32, Int32)
Void .ctor(SByte*)
Void .ctor(SByte*, Int32, Int32)
Void .ctor(SByte*, Int32, Int32, System.Text.Encoding)
Void .ctor(Char[], Int32, Int32)
Void .ctor(Char[])
Void .ctor(Char, Int32)
下面是MSDN上關於System.String類構造器的定義:
| Name | Description | |
|---|---|---|
.gif "Public method") .gif "Supported by the .NET Compact Framework") .gif "Supported by the XNA Framework") |
String(Char*) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a specified pointer to an array of Unicode characters. |
|
String(array<Char>[]()[]) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by an array of Unicode characters. |
|
String(SByte*) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a pointer to an array of 8-bit signed integers. |
|
String(Char, Int32) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a specified Unicode character repeated a specified number of times. |
|
String(Char*, Int32, Int32) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a specified pointer to an array of Unicode characters, a starting character position within that array, and a length. |
|
String(array<Char>[]()[], Int32, Int32) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by an array of Unicode characters, a starting character position within that array, and a length. |
|
String(SByte*, Int32, Int32) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a specified pointer to an array of 8-bit signed integers, a starting character position within that array, and a length. |
|
String(SByte*, Int32, Int32, Encoding) | Initializes a new instance of the String class to the value indicated by a specified pointer to an array of 8-bit signed integers, a starting character position within that array, a length, and an Encoding object. |
是不是很方便呢??
