drop user branch cascade;
2.刪除表空間及其表空間裏的所有內容
drop tablespace center INCLUDING CONTENTS;
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database datafile 'filename' offline drop;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> drop tablespBace tablespace_name including contents;
create tablespace test datafile 'C:/test.dbf' size 100m autoextend on next 5m maxsize unlimited;
insert into t1 values (2,'b');
insert into t1 values (3,'4');
select * from t1
where id in (2,3,1)
order by decode(id,2,1,4) asc,name desc;
for droptable in
(select targettablename dt from tb_sys_syncdetail@center120 where targettablename in (select table_name from all_tables where owner='FH4')) loop
execute immediate 'drop table '||droptable.dt;
end loop;
end;
before insert on tb_gos_dzsw_ordersum
for each row
declare
tempnum number;
begin
select tb_gos_dzsw_order_pk.nextval into tempnum from dual;
:new.pk :=tempnum;
end;
val NUMBER;
BEGIN
val := TO_NUMBER(NVL(parmin, 'a'));
RETURN 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN 0;
END;
判斷是否爲日期的函數
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION is_date(parmin VARCHAR2) RETURN NUMBER IS
val DATE;
BEGIN
val := TO_DATE(NVL(parmin, 'a'), 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');
RETURN 1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RETURN 0;
END;
查看錶的DDL語句
select replace(dbms_lob.substr(dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE',upper('tb_common_billcode'))),'"') from dual;
6.創建用戶,指定表空間
create user test identified by pwd default tablespace test;
7.改變用戶表空間
alter user test default tablespace tablespace_name;
跳過數據庫一致性檢查開啓數據庫: _allow_resetlogs_corruption
b.file_name 物理文件名,
b.tablespace_name 表空間,
b.bytes/1024/1024 大小M,
(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))/1024/1024 已使用M,
substr((b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)))/(b.bytes)*100,1,5) 利用率
from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
where a.file_id=b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_name,b.bytes
order by b.tablespace_name
WHERE name in (’dbblock gets’,’consistent gets’,’physical reads’);
FROM V$rowcache;
grant dba,resource,connect to test;
update (select a.cola va,b.colb vb from a,b where a.id=b.id) set va = vb
拋出ora-01779的異常,原因是oracle要做唯一性的判定。
在我們肯定當前條件能確定記錄唯一,又不是主鍵的時候,可以採用兩種方法處理。
1、創建唯一性索引
2、update ( select /*+ BYPASS_UJVC */ a.cola va,b.colb vb from a,b where a.id=b.id) set va=vb
BYPASS_UJVC的作用是跳過Oracle的鍵的判定。
12/查看實例狀態及數據庫狀態
select open_mode from v$database;
p_BranchID varchar2(20);
p_BillType varchar2(20);
v_lockid number;
v_result number;
begin
select branchid into p_BranchID from tb_common_billcode where branchid='FDG' and billtype='TAP';
select billtype into p_BillType from tb_common_billcode where branchid='FDG' and billtype='TAP';
v_lockid := dbms_utility.get_hash_value(p_BranchID||p_BillType, 0, 65535);
v_result := dbms_lock.request(id => v_lockid , lockmode => dbms_lock.x_mode, release_on_commit => TRUE);
dbms_output.put_line(v_lockid);
dbms_output.put_line( v_result);
dbms_output.put_line(p_BranchID||p_BillType);
v_result := dbms_lock.release(id => v_lockid);
dbms_output.put_line(' result ' || v_result);
end;
desc table_name
select * from all_tables where table_name like '%'
select sid,serial# from v$session where username='ERP';
使用此語句會返回一個進程列表,每行有兩個數字,然後用數字替代下面的sid和serial
alter system kill session 'sid,serial';
例如
alter system kill session '222,123';
delete expired archivelog all;
desc user_source
user_triggers
WHERE OWNER='SCOTT';
alter session set nls_language='simplified chinese';
SELECT * FROM V$PARAMETER WHERE NAME LIKE 'proc%';
SQL>
SQL> show parameter processes
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ------- ------------------------------
aq_tm_processes integer 1
db_writer_processes integer 1
job_queue_processes integer 4
log_archive_max_processes integer 1
processes integer 200
這裏爲200個用戶。
select sessions_current, SESSIONS_HIGHWATER from v$license;
SQL> begin
2 sys.dbms_job.submit(job => :jobid,
3 what => 'monitor_sell_term(); ',
4 next_date => sysdate,
5 interval => 'sysdate+1 ');
6 commit;
7 end;
8 /
select * from v$locked_object ;
select username from v$session;
表或視圖中的最大列數爲 1000
select name from v$database;
也可以直接查看 init.ora文件
select sys_context('userenv','ip_address') from dual;
select remark from oms_flowrec where trim(' ' from remark) is not null ;
25. 如何用BBB表的數據去更新AAA表的數據(有關聯的字段)
UPdate AAA SET BNS_SNM=(SELECT BNS_SNM FROM BBB WHERE AAA.DPT_NO=BBB.DPT_NO) WHERE BBB.DPT_NO IS NOT NULL;
SELECT * FROM DBA_SYS_PRIVS;
ALTER TABLE TABLE_NAME MOVE TABLESPACE_NAME;
ALTER INDEX INDEX_NAME REBUILD TABLESPACE TABLESPACE_NAME;
V$LOCK, V$LOCKED_OBJECT, V$SESSION, V$SQLAREA, V$PROCESS ;
30.查詢鎖的表的方法:
SELECT S.SID SESSION_ID, S.USERNAME, DECODE(LMODE, 0, 'None', 1, 'Null', 2, 'Row-S (SS)', 3, 'Row-X (SX)', 4, 'Share',
for droptable in
(select targettablename dt from tb_sys_syncdetail@center120 where targettablename in (select table_name from all_tables where owner='FH4')) loop
execute immediate 'drop table '||droptable.dt;
end loop;
end;
SELECT * FROM USER_OBJECTS;
SELECT * FROM DBA_SEGMENTS;
SELECT * FROM USER_ERRORS;
SELECT * FROM DBA_DB_LINKS;
SELECT * FROM NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS;
SELECT * FROM V$NLS_PARAMETERS;
SELECT * FROM DBA_DATA_FILES;
修改 SQLNET.ORA
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES=(NTS)
SQL>comment on table 表 is '表註釋';
註釋已創建。
SQL>comment on column 表.列 is '列註釋';
註釋已創建。
SQL> select * from user_tab_comments where comments is not null;
SQL> col tablespace format a20
SQL> select
b.file_id 文件ID號,
b.tablespace_name 表空間名,
b.bytes 字節數,
(b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) 已使用,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)) 剩餘空間,
sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩餘百分比
from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b
where a.file_id=b.file_id
group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_id,b.bytes
order by b.file_id
#dispatchers="(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=SIDXDB)"
加上就是MTS,註釋就是專用模式,SID是指你的實例名。
select max(ktuxescnw * power(2, 32) + ktuxescnb) from x$ktuxe;
如何在字符串里加回車?
select 'Welcome to visit'||chr(10)||'www.CSDN.NET' from dual ;
41. 怎樣修改oracel數據庫的默認日期?
alter session set nls_date_format='yyyymmddhh24miss';
OR
可以在init.ora中加上一行
nls_date_format='yyyymmddhh24miss'
alter table xxx storage(buffer_pool keep);
check that oraInventory
select rownum,COL from table;
select tablespace_name from user_tables where table_name='TEST';
select * from user_tables中有個字段TABLESPACE_NAME,(oracle);
select * from dba_segments where …;
create table new_table as (select * from old_table);
select line,trim(text) t from user_source where name =’A’ order by line;
alter system kill session ,把那個session給殺掉,不過你要先查出她的session id
or
把該過程重新改個名字就可以了。
unix下
ps -ef | grep ora
windows下
看服務是否起來
是否可以連上數據庫
alter table aaa
drop constraint aaa_key ;
alter table aaa
add constraint aaa_key primary key(a1,b1) ;
用 ALTER DATABASE .... DATAFILE .... ;
手工改變數據文件的大小,對於原來的 數據文件有沒有損害。
查看v$sessions表
select * from dba_tablespaces;
修改initSID.ora,將process加大,重啓數據庫.
可以用logminer 察看
shmmax
含義:這個設置並不決定究竟Oracle數據庫或者操作系統使用多少物理內存,只決定了最多可以使用的內存數目。這個設置也不影
設置方法:0.5*物理內存
例子:Set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=10485760
shmmin
含義:共享內存的最小大小。
設置方法:一般都設置成爲1。
例子:Set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1:
shmmni
含義:系統中共享內存段的最大個數。
例子:Set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=100
shmseg
含義:每個用戶進程可以使用的最多的共享內存段的數目。
例子:Set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=20:
semmni
含義:系統中semaphore identifierer的最大個數。
設置方法:把這個變量的值設置爲這個系統上的所有Oracle的實例的init.ora中的最大的那個processes的那個值加10。
例子:Set semsys:seminfo_semmni=100
semmns
含義:系統中emaphores的最大個數。
設置方法:這個值可以通過以下方式計算得到:各個Oracle實例的initSID.ora裏邊的processes的值的總和(除去最大的Processes
例子:Set semsys:seminfo_semmns=200
semmsl:
含義:一個set中semaphore的最大個數。
設置方法:設置成爲10+所有Oracle實例的InitSID.ora中最大的Processes的值。
例子:Set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=-200
SQL>conn sys/change_on_install
SQL>select * from V_$PWFILE_USERS;
exp 用戶/密碼 tables=(表1,…,表2)
exp system/manager owner=(用戶1,用戶2,…,用戶n) file=導出文件
SELECT * FROM A WHERE dbms_lob.instr(a.a,'K',1,1)>0;
SHOW USER
col file_name format a50
SQL> select tablespace_name,file_id,bytes/1024/1024,file_name from dba_data_files order by file_id;
SQL> col segment format a30
SQL> SELECT SEGMENT_NAME,CCBZZP,TABLESPACE_NAME,SEGMENT_ID,FILE_ID,STATUS FROM DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS
SQL> alter table xxx drop constraint constraint_name;
之後再創建新約束:
SQL> alter table xxx add constraint constraint_name check();
通過以下視圖顯示這些文件信息:v$database,v$datafile,v$logfile v$controlfile v$parameter;
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$INSTANCE;
SQL>select * from all_tables;
SQL>set timing on ;
SQL>select * from tablename;
怎麼把select出來的結果導到一個文本文件中?
SQL>SPOOL C:\ABCD.TXT;
SQL>select * from table;
SQL >spool off;
SQL>SET AUTOTRACE ON ;
SQL>SELECT * FROM TABLE;
OR
SQL>SELECT * FROM v$filestat ;
可以查看IO數
alter table table_name modify (field_name varchar2(100));
改大行,改小不行(除非都是空的)
select * from table_name where trunc(日期字段)=to_date('2003-05-02','yyyy-mm-dd');
create table BSYEAR (d date);
insert into BSYEAR
select to_date('20030101','yyyymmdd')+rownum-1
from all_objects
where rownum
alter table old_table_name rename to new_table_name;
sqlcode=0
SELECT * FROM dba_sys_privs ;
從功能上說沒有區別,只不過oracle公司有明文規定;從網站上下載的oracle產品不得用於 商業用途,否則侵權。
進入dbastudio,歷程--〉數據庫---〉歸檔查看。
pfile就是Oracle傳統的初始化參數文件,文本格式的。
ifile類似於c語言裏的include,用於把另一個文件引入
spfile是9i裏新增的並且是默認的參數文件,二進制格式
startup後應該只可接pfile
SELECT * FROM empLOYEE WHERE ROWNUM
SQL>conn internal ;
SQL>show parameter processes ;
一般不可以﹐不建議這樣做的。
select (select count(id) from aa)+(select count(id) from bb) 總數 from dual;
select * from
(select t.*,dense_rank() over (order by sal) rank from employee)
where rank = N;
select add_months(sysdate,24) from dual;
85. 返回當前月的最後一天?
SELECT LAST_DAY(SYS2003-10-17) FROM DUAL;
IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FILE=AA.DMP FROMUSER=USER_OLD TOUSER=USER_NEW ROWS=Y INDEXES=Y ;
SQL>SELECT * FROM user_constraints WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE='P' and table_name='TABLE_NAME';
SELECT TO_2003-10-17('2003/08/01') FROM DUAL;
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYS2003-10-17,'D') FROM DUAL;
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYS2003-10-17,'DDD') FROM DUAL
如何查找重複記錄?
SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME
WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D
WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
WHERE ROWID!=(SELECT MAX(ROWID) FROM TABLE_NAME D
WHERE TABLE_NAME.COL1=D.COL1 AND TABLE_NAME.COL2=D.COL2);
begin dbms_mview.refresh('VW_COMMON_CUSTEMPRELATION_TMP');end;
建快照:execute dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot
導出日誌:@?/rdbms/admin/awrrpt.sql
導出日誌:@?/rdbms/admin/addmrrpt.sql
format=string 文件路徑和名稱的格式串,其中可包含宏變量
%c copy ID
%p backup piece ID
%s backup set ID
%e log sequence
%h log thread ID
%d database name
%n database name(x填充到8個字符)
%I DBID
%f file
%F DBID, day, month, year, and sequencer的複合
%N tablespace name
%t timestamp
%Y year yyyy格式
%M month mm格式
%D day dd格式
%T 等同於%Y%M%D
%u backup set+time((x填充到8個字符)
%U %u_%p_%c
%% %
rman 備份策略
保留使數據庫可還原到七天內的備份:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 7 DAYS;
保留冗餘備份的個數:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1;
--用billid用組按pk排序生成序號
select rank() over(partition by billid order by pk),billid from tb_gos_sale_salereturnbilldet order by billid
本文出自 “天知道的技術博客” 博客,請務必保留此出處http://tianzt.blog.51cto.com/459544/224544