作用:
locate(locate) 命令用來查找文件或目錄, locate命令要比find
-name快得多,原因在於它不搜索具體目錄,而是搜索一個數據庫/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.dbLinux系統自動創建這個數據庫,並且每天自動更新一次,因此,我們在用whereis和locate 查找文件時,有時會找到已經被刪除的數據,或者剛剛建立文件,卻無法查找到,原因就是因爲數據庫文件沒有被更新。爲了避免這種情況,可以在使用locate之前,先使用updatedb命令,手動更新數據庫。整個locate工作其實是由四部分組成的:
-
/usr/bin/updatedb 主要用來更新數據庫,通過crontab自動完成的
-
/usr/bin/locate 查詢文件位置
-
/etc/updatedb.conf updatedb的配置文件
-
/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db 存放文件信息的文件
-b, --basename match only the base name of path names
-c, --count 只輸出找到的數量
-d, --database DBPATH 使用DBPATH指定的數據庫,而不是默認數據庫 /var/lib/mlocate/mlocate.db
-e, --existing only print entries for currently existing files
-L, --follow follow trailing symbolic links when checking file existence (default)
-h, --help 顯示幫助
-i, --ignore-case 忽略大小寫
-l, --limit, -n LIMIT limit output (or counting) to LIMIT entries
-m, --mmap ignored, for backward compatibility
-P, --nofollow, -H don't follow trailing symbolic links when checking file existence
-0, --null separate entries with NUL on output
-S, --statistics don't search for entries, print statistics about eachused database
-q, --quiet 安靜模式,不會顯示任何錯誤訊息
-r, --regexp REGEXP 使用基本正則表達式
--regex 使用擴展正則表達式
-s, --stdio ignored, for backward compatibility
-V, --version 顯示版本信息
-w, --wholename match whole path name (default)
實例
[root@cs70-moban ~]# locate cat
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.ms-word.template.macroEnabled.12.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.ms-works.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.ms-wpl.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.chart.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.database.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.formula.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-flat-xml.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.image.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-flat-xml.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-flat-xml.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-flat-xml.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-master.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-template.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text-web.xml
/usr/share/mime/application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text.xml