LayoutInflater中的inflate參數的定義

LayoutInflater這個類的一些用法,在Android開發者使用的過程中,確實存在着一些很普遍的誤區,最起碼我研究的這麼多小項目的源代碼,基本上都在錯誤的使用這個類。今天,看到了一篇文章講LayoutInflater的用法,瞬間感覺自己對這個類確實不夠了解,於是簡單的看了下LayoutInflater類的源代碼,對這個類有了新的認識。

首先,LayoutInflater這個類是用來幹嘛的呢?

我們最常用的便是LayoutInflater的inflate方法,這個方法重載了四種調用方式,分別爲:

1. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root)

2. public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

3.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root)

4.public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot)

這四種使用方式中,我們最常用的是第一種方式,inflate方法的主要作用就是將xml轉換成一個View對象,用於動態的創建佈局。雖然重載了四個方法,但是這四種方法最終調用的,還是第四種方式。第四種方式也很好理解,內部實現原理就是利用Pull解析器,對Xml文件進行解析,然後返回View對象。

我們以我們經常使用的第一種形式爲例,你在重寫BaseAdapter的getView方法的時候是否這樣做過

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public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
    if (convertView == null) {
        convertView = inflate(R.layout.item_row, null);
    }
    return convertView;
}
inflate方法有三個參數,分別是

1.resource 佈局的資源id

2.root 填充的根視圖

3.attachToRoot 是否將載入的視圖綁定到根視圖中

在這個例子中,我們將root參數設爲空,功能確實實現了,但是這裏還隱藏着一個隱患,這種方式並不是inflate正確的使用姿勢,下面我們通過一個Demo,來說一下這樣使用造成的弊端。

首先,我們建立一個這樣的項目


對應的佈局文件如下


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<!--?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?-->
<linearlayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="60dp" android:background="@android:color/holo_orange_light" android:gravity="center" android:orientation="vertical">
 
    <textview android:id="@+id/tv" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="11" android:textcolor="@android:color/black" android:textsize="22sp">
 
</textview></linearlayout>

OneActivity的代碼如下


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public class OneActivity extends Activity {
 
    private ListView list1;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_one);
        list1 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list1);
        list1.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
    }
 
    private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 
        private LayoutInflater inflater;
 
        MyAdapter(Context context) {
            inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }
 
        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return 20;
        }
 
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }
 
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
 
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 
            if (convertView == null) {
                convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);
            }
            TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            tv.setText(position+"");
            return convertView;
        }
 
    }
 
}

TwoActivity的代碼如下


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public class TwoActivity extends Activity {
    private ListView list2;
 
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_two);
        list2 = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list2);
        list2.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
    }
 
    private class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {
 
        private LayoutInflater inflater;
 
        MyAdapter(Context context) {
            inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }
 
        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return 20;
        }
 
        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }
 
        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return position;
        }
 
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
 
            if (convertView == null) {
                convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);
            }
            TextView tv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.tv);
            tv.setText(position + "");
            return convertView;
        }
 
    }
 
}

兩個文件最關鍵的區別就一句話,

在getView方法中,OneActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, null);

在getView方法中,TwoActivity是

convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);

我們先看一下顯示效果,再說兩者的區別

OneActivity效果



TwoActivity的顯示效果



我們可以很明顯的看出來,使用第一種方式,根佈局的高度設置60dp沒有起作用,系統還是按照包裹內容的方式加載的,爲什麼會產生這種效果呢?我們從需要inflate方法的源代碼中找一下答案。

首先,方式一的源代碼實現


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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root) {
        return inflate(parser, root, root != null);
    }

當我們使用方式一,並且第二個參數傳入null的時候,默認調用的是下面的方法,並且attachToRoot是false


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public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
        XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
        try {
            return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
        } finally {
            parser.close();
        }
    }

在這一個方法中,pull解析器將資源id轉化成XmlResourceParser對象,又傳給了第四種方式,所以我們需要重點看的還是第四種方式是如何實現的

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public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
        synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");
 
            final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
            Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
            mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
            View result = root;
 
            try {
                // Look for the root node.
                int type;
                while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                        type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                    // Empty
                }
 
                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": No start tag found!");
                }
 
                final String name = parser.getName();
                 
                if (DEBUG) {
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                    System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                            + name);
                    System.out.println("**************************");
                }
 
                if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        throw new InflateException("<merge> can be used only with a valid "
                                + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                    }
 
                    rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
                } else {
                    // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                    View temp;
                    if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
                        temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
                    } else {
                        temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
                    }
 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
 
                    if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }
 
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                    }
                    // Inflate all children under temp
                    rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                    }
 
                    // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }
 
                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }
                }
 
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                InflateException ex = new InflateException(
                        parser.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": " + e.getMessage());
                ex.initCause(e);
                throw ex;
            } finally {
                // Don't retain static reference on context.
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
            }
 
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
 
            return result;
        }
    }</merge>

代碼比較長,我們重點關注下面的代碼

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if (root != null) {
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                    root);
                        }
                        // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                        params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                        if (!attachToRoot) {
                            // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                            // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                            temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                        }
                    }

這些代碼的意思就是,當我們傳進來的root參數不是空的時候,並且attachToRoot是false的時候,也就是上面的TwoActivity的實現方式的時候,會給temp設置一個LayoutParams參數。那麼這個temp又是幹嘛的呢?


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<pre name="code" class="java">// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                    // to root. Do that now.
                    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                        root.addView(temp, params);
                    }
 
                    // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                    // top view found in xml.
                    if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                        result = temp;
                    }</pre><br>
<br>
<p></p>
<pre class="brush:java;"></pre>
<br>
現在應該明白了吧,當我們傳進來的root不是null,並且第三個參數是false的時候,這個temp就被加入到了root中,並且把root當作最終的返回值返回了。而當我們設置root爲空的時候,沒有設置LayoutParams參數的temp對象,作爲返回值返回了。
<p></p>
<p>因此,我們可以得出下面的結論:</p>
<p>1.若我們採用convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list,
 null);方式填充視圖,item佈局中的根視圖的layout_XX屬性會被忽略掉,然後設置成默認的包裹內容方式</p>
<p>2.如果我們想保證item的視圖中的參數不被改變,我們需要使用convertView
 = inflater.inflate(R.layout.item_list, parent,false);這種方式進行視圖的填充</p>
<p>3.除了使用這種方式,我們還可以設置item佈局的根視圖爲包裹內容,然後設置內部控件的高度等屬性,這樣就不會修改顯示方式了。</p>
<p><br>
</p>
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