代碼與編程題

標籤: Java 編程題


1、寫一個Singleton出來

Singleton模式主要作用是保證在Java應用程序中,一個類Class只有一個實例存在。
一般Singleton模式通常有幾種種形式:
第一種形式: 定義一個類,它的構造函數爲private的,它有一個static的private的該類變量,在類初始化時實例話,通過一個public的getInstance方法獲取對它的引用,繼而調用其中的方法。

public class Singleton {
private Singleton(){}
      //在自己內部定義自己一個實例,是不是很奇怪?
      //注意這是private 只供內部調用
      private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
      //這裏提供了一個供外部訪問本class的靜態方法,可以直接訪問  
      public static Singleton getInstance() {
        return instance;   
      } 
    } 
第二種形式: 
public class Singleton { 
  private static Singleton instance = null;
  public static synchronized Singleton getInstance() {
  //這個方法比上面有所改進,不用每次都進行生成對象,只是第一次     
  //使用時生成實例,提高了效率!
  if (instance==null)
    instance=new Singleton();
return instance;   } 
} 

其他形式:
定義一個類,它的構造函數爲private的,所有方法爲static的。
一般認爲第一種形式要更加安全些

2、繼承時候類的執行順序問題,一般都是選擇題,問你將會打印出什麼?

答:父類:

package test;
public class  FatherClass
{
    public FatherClass()
 {
  System.out.println("FatherClass Create");
 }
}

子類:

package test;
import test.FatherClass;
public class  ChildClass extends FatherClass
{
 public ChildClass()
 {
  System.out.println("ChildClass Create");
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
  FatherClass fc = new FatherClass();
  ChildClass cc = new ChildClass();
 }
}

輸出結果:

C:\>java test.ChildClass
FatherClass Create
FatherClass Create
ChildClass Create 

3、內部類的實現方式?

答:示例代碼如下:

package test;
public class  OuterClass
{
 private class InterClass
 {
  public InterClass()
  {
   System.out.println("InterClass Create");
  }
 }
 public OuterClass()
 {
  InterClass ic = new InterClass();
  System.out.println("OuterClass Create");
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
  OuterClass oc = new OuterClass();
 }
}

輸出結果:

C:\>java test/OuterClass
InterClass Create
OuterClass Create

再一個例題:

public class OuterClass { 
  private double d1 = 1.0; 
    //insert code here 
} 
You need to insert an inner class declaration at line 3. Which two inner class declarations are 
valid?(Choose two.) 
A. class InnerOne{
     public static double methoda() {return d1;}
   } 
B. public class InnerOne{
     static double methoda() {return d1;}
   } 
C. private class InnerOne{
     double methoda() {return d1;}
   } 
D. static class InnerOne{
     protected double methoda() {return d1;}
   } 
E. abstract class InnerOne{
     public abstract double methoda();
   } 

說明如下:
一.靜態內部類可以有靜態成員,而非靜態內部類則不能有靜態成員。 故 A、B 錯
二.靜態內部類的非靜態成員可以訪問外部類的靜態變量,而不可訪問外部類的非靜態變量;return d1 出錯。
故 D 錯
三.非靜態內部類的非靜態成員可以訪問外部類的非靜態變量。 故 C 正確
四.答案爲C、E

4、Java 的通信編程,編程題(或問答),用JAVA SOCKET編程,讀服務器幾個字符,再寫入本地顯示?

答:Server端程序:

package test;
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*; 
public class Server
{
 private ServerSocket ss;
 private Socket socket;
 private BufferedReader in;
 private PrintWriter out;
 public Server()
 {
  try
  {
   ss=new ServerSocket(10000);
   while(true)
   {
    socket = ss.accept();
    String RemoteIP = socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
    String RemotePort = ":"+socket.getLocalPort();
    System.out.println("A client come in!IP:"+RemoteIP+RemotePort);
    in = new BufferedReader(new 
InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
    String line = in.readLine();
    System.out.println("Cleint send is :" + line);
    out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);
    out.println("Your Message Received!");
    out.close();
    in.close();
    socket.close();
   }
  }catch (IOException e)
  {
   out.println("wrong");
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  new Server();
 }
};

Client端程序:

package test;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*; 
public class Client
{
 Socket socket;
 BufferedReader in;
 PrintWriter out;
 public Client()
 {
  try
  {
   System.out.println("Try to Connect to 127.0.0.1:10000");
   socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",10000);
   System.out.println("The Server Connected!");
   System.out.println("Please enter some Character:");
   BufferedReader line = new BufferedReader(new 
InputStreamReader(System.in));
   out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(),true);
   out.println(line.readLine());
   in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
   System.out.println(in.readLine());
   out.close();
   in.close();
   socket.close();
  }catch(IOException e)
  {
   out.println("Wrong");
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  new Client();
 }
}; 

5、用JAVA實現一種排序,JAVA類實現序列化的方法(二種)? 如在COLLECTION框架中,實現比較要實現什麼樣的接口?

答:用插入法進行排序代碼如下

package test;
import java.util.*;
class  InsertSort
{
 ArrayList al;
 public InsertSort(int num,int mod)
 {
  al = new ArrayList(num);
  Random rand = new Random();
  System.out.println("The ArrayList Sort Before:");
  for (int i=0;i<num ;i++ )
  {
   al.add(new Integer(Math.abs(rand.nextInt()) % mod + 1));
   System.out.println("al["+i+"]="+al.get(i));
  }
 }
 public void SortIt()
 {
  Integer tempInt;
  int MaxSize=1;
  for(int i=1;i<al.size();i++)
  {
       tempInt = (Integer)al.remove(i);
    if(tempInt.intValue()>=((Integer)al.get(MaxSize-1)).intValue())
    {
     al.add(MaxSize,tempInt);
     MaxSize++;
     System.out.println(al.toString());
    } else {
     for (int j=0;j<MaxSize ;j++ )
     {
      if 
(((Integer)al.get(j)).intValue()>=tempInt.intValue())
      {
       al.add(j,tempInt);
       MaxSize++;
       System.out.println(al.toString());
       break;
      }
     }
    }
  }
  System.out.println("The ArrayList Sort After:");
  for(int i=0;i<al.size();i++)
  {
   System.out.println("al["+i+"]="+al.get(i));
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
  InsertSort is = new InsertSort(10,100);
  is.SortIt();
 }
}

6、編程:編寫一個截取字符串的函數,輸入爲一個字符串和字節數,輸出爲按字節截取的字符串。 但是要保證漢字不被截半個,如“我ABC”4,應該截爲“我AB”,輸入“我ABC漢DEF”,6,應該輸出爲“我ABC”而不是“我ABC+漢的半個”。

答:代碼如下:

package test; 
class  SplitString
{
 String SplitStr;
 int SplitByte;
 public SplitString(String str,int bytes)
 {
  SplitStr=str;
  SplitByte=bytes;
  System.out.println("The String is:'"+SplitStr+"';SplitBytes="+SplitByte);
 }
 public void SplitIt()
 {
  int loopCount;

loopCount=(SplitStr.length()%SplitByte==0)?(SplitStr.length()/SplitByte):(SplitStr.length()/Split 
Byte+1);
  System.out.println("Will Split into "+loopCount);
  for (int i=1;i<=loopCount ;i++ )
  {
   if (i==loopCount){

System.out.println(SplitStr.substring((i-1)*SplitByte,SplitStr.length()));
   } else {

System.out.println(SplitStr.substring((i-1)*SplitByte,(i*SplitByte)));
   }
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args) 
 {
  SplitString ss = new SplitString("test中dd文dsaf中男大3443n中國43中國人 
0ewldfls=103",4);
  ss.SplitIt();
 }
} 

7、JAVA多線程編程。 用JAVA寫一個多線程程序,如寫四個線程,二個加1,二個對一個變量減一,輸出。

public class ThreadTest1{
  private int j;
  public static void main(String args[]){
ThreadTest1 tt=new ThreadTest1();
Inc inc=tt.new Inc();
Dec dec=tt.new Dec();
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
Thread t=new Thread(inc);
t.start();
t=new Thread(dec);
t.start();
}
}
  private synchronized void inc(){
j++;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-inc:"+j);
  }
  private synchronized void dec(){
j--;
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"-dec:"+j);
  }
  class Inc implements Runnable{
public void run(){
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
inc();
}
}
  }
  class Dec implements Runnable{
public void run(){
for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
dec();
}
 }
  }
} 

8、可能會讓你寫一段Jdbc連Oracle的程序,並實現數據查詢.

答:程序如下:

package hello.ant;
import java.sql.*;
public class  jdbc
{
 String dbUrl="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl";
 String theUser="admin";
 String thePw="manager";
 Connection c=null;
 Statement conn;
 ResultSet rs=null;
 public jdbc() 
 {
  try{
    Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance(); 
          c = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl,theUser,thePw);
    conn=c.createStatement();
  }catch(Exception e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 public boolean executeUpdate(String sql)
 {
   try
   {
     conn.executeUpdate(sql);
     return true;
   }
   catch (SQLException e)
   {
     e.printStackTrace();
     return false;
   }
 }
 public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql)
 {
   rs=null;
   try
   {
     rs=conn.executeQuery(sql);
   }
   catch (SQLException e)
   {
     e.printStackTrace();
   }
   return rs;
 }
 public void close()
 {
   try
   {
     conn.close();
     c.close();
   }
   catch (Exception e)
   {
     e.printStackTrace();
   }
 }
 public static void main(String[] args)
 {
  ResultSet rs;
  jdbc conn = new jdbc();
  rs=conn.executeQuery("select * from test");
  try{
  while (rs.next())
  {
   System.out.println(rs.getString("id"));
   System.out.println(rs.getString("name"));
  }
  }catch(Exception e)
  {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
} 

9、ORACLE大數據量下的分頁解決方法。一般用截取ID方法,還有是三層嵌套方法。

答:一種分頁方法

<%
  int i=1;
  int numPages=14;
  String pages = request.getParameter("page") ;
  int currentPage = 1;
  currentPage=(pages==null)?(1):{Integer.parseInt(pages)}
  sql = "select count(*) from tables";
  ResultSet rs = DBLink.executeQuery(sql) ;
  while(rs.next()) i = rs.getInt(1) ;
  int intPageCount=1;
  intPageCount=(i%numPages==0)?(i/numPages):(i/numPages+1);
  int nextPage ;
  int upPage;
  nextPage = currentPage+1;
  if (nextPage>=intPageCount) nextPage=intPageCount;
  upPage = currentPage-1;
  if (upPage<=1) upPage=1;
  rs.close();
  sql="select * from tables";
  rs=DBLink.executeQuery(sql);
  i=0;
  while((i<numPages*(currentPage-1))&&rs.next()){i++;}
%>

//輸出內容
//輸出翻頁連接
合計:

<%=currentPage%>/<%=intPageCount%>第一頁

10、用jdom解析xml文件時如何解決中文問題?如何解析?

答:看如下代碼,用編碼方式加以解決

package test;
import java.io.*;
public class DOMTest
{
 private String inFile = "c:\\people.xml";
 private String outFile = "c:\\people.xml"; 
 public static void main(String args[])
 {
     new DOMTest();
    }
 public DOMTest()
 {
  try 
     { 
      javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder builder = 

javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
      org.w3c.dom.Document doc = builder.newDocument();
      org.w3c.dom.Element root = doc.createElement("老師");
      org.w3c.dom.Element wang = doc.createElement("王");
   org.w3c.dom.Element liu = doc.createElement("劉");
      wang.appendChild(doc.createTextNode("我是王老師"));
      root.appendChild(wang);
      doc.appendChild(root);
      javax.xml.transform.Transformer transformer = 
       javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
      transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.ENCODING, "gb2312"); 
      transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");   

      transformer.transform(new javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource(doc),
            new 
javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult(outFile));
     }
     catch (Exception e) 
     {
      System.out.println (e.getMessage());
     }
    }
} 

11、編程用JAVA解析XML的方式.

答:用SAX方式解析XML,XML文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> 
<person> 
  <name>王小明</name> 
  <college>信息學院</college>   
  <telephone>6258113</telephone> 
  <notes>男,1955年生,博士,95年調入海南大學</notes> 
 </person> 
 事件回調類SAXHandler.java
 import java.io.*; 
import java.util.Hashtable; 
import org.xml.sax.*; 
public class SAXHandler extends HandlerBase 
  { 
  private Hashtable table = new Hashtable(); 
  private String currentElement = null; 
  private String currentValue = null; 
  public void setTable(Hashtable table) 
    { 
    this.table = table; 
    } 
  public Hashtable getTable() 
    { 
    return table; 
    } 
  public void startElement(String tag, AttributeList attrs) 
  throws SAXException 
    { 
    currentElement = tag; 
    } 
  public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) 
  throws SAXException 
    { 
    currentValue = new String(ch, start, length); 
    } 
  public void endElement(String name) throws SAXException 
    { 
    if (currentElement.equals(name)) 
      table.put(currentElement, currentValue); 
    } 
  } 

JSP內容顯示源碼,SaxXml.jsp:

<HTML> 
<HEAD> 
<TITLE>剖析XML文件people.xml</TITLE> 
</HEAD> 
<BODY> 
<%@ page errorPage="ErrPage.jsp" 
contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %> 
<%@ page import="java.io.*" %> 
<%@ page import="java.util.Hashtable" %> 
<%@ page import="org.w3c.dom.*" %> 
<%@ page import="org.xml.sax.*" %> 
<%@ page import="javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory" %> 
<%@ page import="javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser" %> 
<%@ page import="SAXHandler" %> 
<% 
File file = new File("c:\\people.xml"); 
FileReader reader = new FileReader(file); 
Parser parser; 
SAXParserFactory spf = SAXParserFactory.newInstance(); 
SAXParser sp = spf.newSAXParser(); 
SAXHandler handler = new SAXHandler(); 
sp.parse(new InputSource(reader), handler); 
Hashtable hashTable = handler.getTable(); 
out.println("<TABLE BORDER=2><CAPTION>教師信息表</CAPTION>"); 
out.println("<TR><TD>姓名</TD>" + "<TD>" + 
  (String)hashTable.get(new String("name")) + "</TD></TR>"); 
out.println("<TR><TD>學院</TD>" + "<TD>" + 
  (String)hashTable.get(new String("college"))+"</TD></TR>"); 
out.println("<TR><TD>電話</TD>" + "<TD>" + 
  (String)hashTable.get(new String("telephone")) + "</TD></TR>"); 
out.println("<TR><TD>備註</TD>" + "<TD>" + 
  (String)hashTable.get(new String("notes")) + "</TD></TR>"); 
out.println("</TABLE>"); 
%> 
</BODY> 
</HTML> 

12、EJB的基本架構

答:一個EJB包括三個部分:
Remote Interface 接口的代碼

package Beans;
  import javax.ejb.EJBObject;
  import java.rmi.RemoteException;
  public interface Add extends EJBObject
  {
   //some method declare 
  }

Home Interface 接口的代碼

package Beans;
  import java.rmi.RemoteException;
  import jaax.ejb.CreateException;
  import javax.ejb.EJBHome;
  public interface AddHome extends EJBHome
  {
    //some method declare
  }

EJB類的代碼

 package Beans;
  import java.rmi.RemoteException;
  import javax.ejb.SessionBean;
  import javx.ejb.SessionContext;
  public class AddBean Implements SessionBean
  {
    //s

ome method declare
}

13、如何校驗數字型?

var re=/^\d{1,8}$|\.\d{1,2}$/;
var str=document.form1.all(i).value;
var r=str.match(re);
if (r==null)
{
   sign=-4;
   break;
}
else{
   document.form1.all(i).value=parseFloat(str);
} 

14、將一個鍵盤輸入的數字轉化成中文輸出

(例如:輸入:1234567 輸出:一百二拾三萬四千五百六拾七)
用java語言實現,,請編一段程序實現!

public class Reader {
  private String strNum;
  private String strNumChFormat;
  private String strNumTemp;
  private int intNumLen;
  private String strBegin;
  public Reader(String strNum) {
    this.strNum = strNum;
  }
  public boolean check(String strNum) {
    boolean valid = false;

    if (strNum.substring(0,1).equals("0")){
     this.strNum = strNum.substring(1);
    }
    try {
      new Double(strNum);
      valid = true;
    }
    catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
      System.out.println("Bad number format!");
    }
    return valid;
  }
  public void init() {
    strNumChFormat = "";
    intNumLen = strNum.length();
    strNumTemp = strNum;
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('1', '一');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('2', '二');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('3', '三');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('4', '四');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('5', '五');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('6', '六');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('7', '七');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('8', '八');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('9', '九');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('0', '零');
    strNumTemp = strNumTemp.replace('.', '點');
    strBegin = strNumTemp.substring(0, 1);
  }
  public String readNum() {
    if (check(strNum)) {
      init();
      try {
        for (int i = 1, j = 1, k = 1; i < intNumLen; i++) {
          if (strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - 1) == '零' && i == 1) {
            strNumChFormat = "位";
          }
          else if (strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i) == '零' && j == 1) {
            strNumChFormat = "位" + strNumChFormat;
          }
          else if (strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i) == '點') {
            j = 1;
            k = 1;
            strNumChFormat = strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i) + strNumChFormat;
            continue;
          }
          else {
            strNumChFormat = strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i) + strNumChFormat;
          }
          if (strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i - 1) != '位' &&
              strNumTemp.charAt(intNumLen - i - 1) != '零') {
            if (j == 1 && i < intNumLen) {
              strNumChFormat = '拾' + strNumChFormat;
            }
            else if (j == 2 && i < intNumLen) {
              strNumChFormat = '百' + strNumChFormat;
            }
            else if (j == 3 && i < intNumLen) {
              strNumChFormat = '千' + strNumChFormat;
            }
          }
          if (j == 4 && i < intNumLen) {
            j = 0;
          }
          if (k == 4 && i < intNumLen) {
            strNumChFormat = '萬' + strNumChFormat;
          }
          else if (k == 8 && i < intNumLen) {
            k = 0;
            strNumChFormat = '億' + strNumChFormat;
          }
          j++;
          k++;
        }
        while (strNumChFormat.indexOf("位") != -1) {
          strNumChFormat = strNumChFormat.replaceAll("位", " ");
        }
        if (strNumChFormat.substring(0, 2) == "一拾") {
          strNumChFormat = strNumChFormat.substring(1, strNumChFormat.length());
        }
        if (strNumChFormat.indexOf("點") >= 0) {
          String rebegin = strNumChFormat.substring(0,
              strNumChFormat.indexOf("點"));
          String relast = strNumChFormat.substring(strNumChFormat.indexOf("點"),
              strNumChFormat.length());
          for (int i = 1; i <= relast.length(); i++) {
            relast = relast.replaceAll("拾", "");
            relast = relast.replaceAll("百", "");
            relast = relast.replaceAll("千", "");
            relast = relast.replaceAll("萬", "");
            relast = relast.replaceAll("億", "");
          }
          strNumChFormat = rebegin + relast;
        }
      }
      catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
      }
      catch (Exception ex) {
        ex.printStackTrace();
      }
      int off = strNumChFormat.indexOf("點");
      strNumChFormat = strBegin + strNumChFormat.substring(0);
    }
    else {
      strNumChFormat = "";
    }
    return strNumChFormat;
  }
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    try {
      String number = args[0].toString();
      System.out.println("The number is: " + number);
      Reader reader = new Reader(number);
      System.out.println("Output String: " + reader.readNum());
    }
    catch (Exception ex) {
      System.out.println("Please input like that: javac Reader <number>");
    }
  }
} 

15、JAVA代碼查錯

1.

abstract class Name {
   private String name;
   public abstract boolean isStupidName(String name) {}
}

大俠們,這有何錯誤?
答案: 錯。abstract method必須以分號結尾,且不帶花括號。
2.

public class Something {
   void doSomething () {
       private String s = "";
       int l = s.length();
   }
}

有錯嗎?
答案: 錯。局部變量前不能放置任何訪問修飾符 (private,public,和protected)。final可以用來修飾局部變量
(final如同abstract和strictfp,都是非訪問修飾符,strictfp只能修飾class和method而非variable)。
3.

abstract class Something {
   private abstract String doSomething ();
}

這好像沒什麼錯吧?
答案: 錯。abstract的methods不能以private修飾。abstract的methods就是讓子類implement(實現)具體細節的,怎麼可以用private把abstract
method封鎖起來呢? (同理,abstract method前不能加final)。
4.

public class Something {
   public int addOne(final int x) {
       return ++x;
   }
}

這個比較明顯。
答案: 錯。int x被修飾成final,意味着x不能在addOne method中被修改。
5.

public class Something {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Other o = new Other();
new Something().addOne(o);
}
public void addOne(final Other o) {
o.i++;
}
}
class Other {
public int i;
}

和上面的很相似,都是關於final的問題,這有錯嗎?
答案: 正確。在addOne method中,參數o被修飾成final。如果在addOne method裏我們修改了o的reference
(比如: o = new Other();),那麼如同上例這題也是錯的。但這裏修改的是o的member vairable
(成員變量),而o的reference並沒有改變。
6.

class Something {
    int i;
    public void doSomething() {
        System.out.println("i = " + i);
    }
} 

有什麼錯呢? 看不出來啊。
答案: 正確。輸出的是”i = 0”。int i屬於instant variable (實例變量,或叫成員變量)。instant variable有default value。int的default value是0。
7.

class Something {
    final int i;
    public void doSomething() {
        System.out.println("i = " + i);
    }
}

和上面一題只有一個地方不同,就是多了一個final。這難道就錯了嗎?
答案: 錯。final int i是個final的instant variable (實例變量,或叫成員變量)。final的instant variable沒有default value,必須在constructor (構造器)結束之前被賦予一個明確的值。可以修改爲”final int i = 0;”。
8.

public class Something {
     public static void main(String[] args) {
        Something s = new Something();
        System.out.println("s.doSomething() returns " + doSomething());
    }
    public String doSomething() {
        return "Do something ...";
    }
}

看上去很完美。
答案: 錯。看上去在main裏call doSomething沒有什麼問題,畢竟兩個methods都在同一個class裏。但仔細看,main是static的。static method不能直接call non-static methods。可改成”System.out.println(“s.doSomething() returns ” + s.doSomething());”。同理,static method不能訪問non-static instant variable。
9.
此處,Something類的文件名叫OtherThing.java

class Something {
    private static void main(String[] something_to_do) {        
        System.out.println("Do something ...");
    }
}

這個好像很明顯。
答案: 正確。從來沒有人說過Java的Class名字必須和其文件名相同。但public class的名字必須和文件名相同。
10.

interface  A{
   int x = 0;
}
class B{
   int x =1;
}
class C extends B implements A {
   public void pX(){
      System.out.println(x);
   }
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      new C().pX();
   }
}

答案:錯誤。在編譯時會發生錯誤(錯誤描述不同的JVM有不同的信息,意思就是未明確的x調用,兩個x都匹配(就象在同時import java.util和java.sql兩個包時直接聲明Date一樣)。對於父類的變量,可以用super.x來明確,而接口的屬性默認隱含爲 public static final.所以可以通過A.x來明確。
11.

interface Playable {
    void play();
}
interface Bounceable {
    void play();
}
interface Rollable extends Playable, Bounceable {
    Ball ball = new Ball("PingPang");
}
class Ball implements Rollable {
    private String name;
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public Ball(String name) {
        this.name = name;        
    }
   public void play() {
        ball = new Ball("Football");
        System.out.println(ball.getName());
    }
}

這個錯誤不容易發現。
答案: 錯。”interface Rollable extends Playable, Bounceable”沒有問題。interface可繼承多個interfaces,所以這裏沒錯。問題出在interface Rollable裏的”Ball ball = new Ball(“PingPang”);”。任何在interface裏聲明的interface variable (接口變量,也可稱成員變量),默認爲public static final。也就是說”Ball ball = new Ball(“PingPang”);”實際上是”public static final Ball ball = new Ball(“PingPang”);”。在Ball類的Play()方法中,”ball = new Ball(“Football”);”改變了ball的reference,而這裏的ball來自Rollable interface,Rollable interface裏的ball是public static final的,final的object是不能被改變reference的。因此編譯器將在”ball = new Ball(“Football”);”這裏顯示有錯。

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