面向切面編程Spring

最近在學習面向切面編程，把一個Dome貼出來，大家一起學習。

1、定義一個目標，這裏使用接口。

package com.miller.emperor.aspects;

//切面中切面的目標對象
public interface Performance {
    public void perform();
}

2、目標接口的實現類

package com.miller.emperor.aspects;

/**
 * @program: mybatis
 * @description: 看電影
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-14 18:08
 **/
public class Movie implements Performance {
    @Override
    public void perform() {
        System.out.println("觀看《哪吒之魔童降世》");
    }
}

package com.miller.emperor.aspects;

/**
 * @program: mybatis
 * @description: 鋼琴表演
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-14 18:11
 **/
public class PianoPerformance implements Performance {
    @Override
    public void perform() {
        System.out.println("觀看朗朗的表演");
    }
}

3、定義切面

package com.miller.emperor.aspects;


import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @program: mybatis
 * @description: 定義切面
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-14 17:42
 **/

//定義切面
@Component
@Aspect
public class Audience {
    @Pointcut("execution(* com.miller.emperor.aspects.Performance.perform(..))")
    public void performance() {

    }
    /*目標方法執行前執行以下方法體的內容*/
    @Before(value = "performance()")
    public void silenceCellPhones(JoinPoint jp) {
        try {
            String name = jp.getSignature().getName();
            System.out.println(name + "請將手機調成靜音！");
            System.out.println("電影播放過程中請不要走動，以免影響其它觀衆！");
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @After(value = "performance()")
    public void performanceOver(JoinPoint jp) {
        try{
            String name = jp.getSignature().getName();
            System.out.println(name + "我們的整場演出已經結束，請大家有序退出大廳！");
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Around(value = "performance()")
    public Object time(final ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        Object value;

        try {
            value = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            throw throwable;
        } finally {
            System.out.println("我的切面被執行");
        }

        return value;
    }
}

4、將切面配置成spring 的Bean

package com.miller.emperor.config;

import com.miller.emperor.aspects.Audience;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;

/**
 * @program: emperor
 * @description: peizhi
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-18 16:48
 **/
@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
@ComponentScan
public class ApplicationConfiguration {
    @Bean
    public Audience audience() {
        return new Audience();
    }
}

5、調用被通知的對象

import com.miller.emperor.aspects.Performance;

import com.miller.emperor.aspects.PianoPerformance;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * @program: emperor
 * @description: 切面服務
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-18 16:40
 **/
@Service
public class AspectService {
    Performance movie = new Movie();
    Performance pianoPerfoemance = new PianoPerformance();
    
    public HashMap<String,Object> play() {
        HashMap<String,Object>  ret = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        movie.perform();
        pianoPerfoemance.perform();
        ret.put("OK", 1);
        return ret;
    }
}

package com.miller.emperor.controller;

import com.miller.emperor.service.AspectService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * @program: emperor
 * @description: 控制器
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-18 16:43
 **/
@RestController
@RequestMapping(path = "/test")
public class AspectController {
    @Autowired
    private AspectService aspectService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/play" , method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public HashMap<String,Object> pay() {
        return aspectService.play();
    }
}

6、spring boot 的啓動類

package com.miller.emperor;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class EmperorApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EmperorApplication.class, args);
    }
}

7、pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.miller</groupId>
    <artifactId>emperor</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>emperor</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

<!--
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.4</version>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

8、application.properties


spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
server.port=8989

運行，並用postman測試，很遺憾，沒有像預期的那樣切面起作用。

2019-11-20 15:08:56.654  INFO 4188 --- [nio-8989-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-11-20 15:08:56.655  INFO 4188 --- [nio-8989-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-11-20 15:08:56.660  INFO 4188 --- [nio-8989-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 5 ms
觀看《哪吒之魔童降世》
觀看朗朗的表演

9、爲什麼我的切面沒有起作用呢？

項目地址：https://github.com/XianbeiEmperor/emperor，請大神們路過指點。

10、修改

package com.miller.emperor.service;

import com.miller.emperor.aspects.Movie;
import com.miller.emperor.aspects.PianoPerformance;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * @program: emperor
 * @description: 切面服務
 * @author: Miller.FAN
 * @create: 2019-11-18 16:40
 **/
@Service
public class AspectService {
/*    Performance movie = new Movie();
    Performance pianoPerfoemance = new PianoPerformance();*/
    @Autowired
    private Movie movie;
    @Autowired
    private PianoPerformance pianoPerfoemance;

    public HashMap<String,Object> play() {
        HashMap<String,Object>  ret = new HashMap<String,Object>();
        movie.perform();
        pianoPerfoemance.perform();
        ret.put("OK", 1);
        return ret;
    }
}

同時在接口類加 @Repository註解，接口的實現類加@Component註解。

11、成功

2019-11-20 15:38:22.288  INFO 1592 --- [nio-8989-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-11-20 15:38:22.293  INFO 1592 --- [nio-8989-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 5 ms
perform請將手機調成靜音！
電影播放過程中請不要走動，以免影響其它觀衆！
觀看《哪吒之魔童降世》
我的切面被執行
perform我們的整場演出已經結束，請大家有序退出大廳！
perform請將手機調成靜音！
電影播放過程中請不要走動，以免影響其它觀衆！
觀看朗朗的表演
我的切面被執行
perform我們的整場演出已經結束，請大家有序退出大廳！

12、spring切面可以應用5種類型的通知

Before 前置通知、 After 後置通知、 After-returning 返回通知、 After-throwing 異常通知、Around 環繞通知

13、織入：把切面應用到目標對象並創建新的代理對象的過程。切面在指定的連接點被織入到目標對象種。在目標對象的聲明週期中有多個點可以進行織入。編譯期、類加載期、運行期。

14、切點開在註解上如何實現？

import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;

@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Timed {
}


import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class TimeLogAspect {
    @Around("@annotation(com.nibado.example.springaop.aspects.Timed) && execution(public * *(..))")
    public Object time(final ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();

        Object value;

        try {
            value = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        } catch (Throwable throwable) {
            throw throwable;
        } finally {
            long duration = System.currentTimeMillis() - start;

            log.info(
                    "{}.{} took {} ms",
                    proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringType().getSimpleName(),
                    proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getName(),
                    duration);
        }

        return value;
    }
}

然後需要使用的地方直接加@Timed註解就可以織入切面了。

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