【Spring】Struts和Spring集成

下面來介紹兩種Struts和Spring集成的方法。

【第一種方案】

1.集成原理：在Action中取得BeanFactory，通過BeanFactory取得業務邏輯對象，如下圖：

2.具體實踐：

結構如下：

①spring和struts的依賴包配置

*struts

--拷貝struts和jstl的依賴包

--在web.xml文件中配置ActionServlet

--提供struts-config.xml文件

--提供國際化支持，提供缺省的國際化資源文件

*spring

--拷貝spring相關依賴包

--提供spring的配置文件

spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml代碼如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
           
	<bean id="userManager" class="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserManagerImpl"/>
</beans>

②在web.xml文件中配置ContextLoaderListener,讓WebServer在啓動的時候將

BeanFactory放到ServletContext中

web.xml代碼如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>config</param-name>
			<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>debug</param-name>
			<param-value>2</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>detail</param-name>
			<param-value>2</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>


	<!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

         <!-- listener創建後根據以下配置文件創建BeanFactory，並放在Context中 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<!-- 通過listener，將BeanFactory放入到Context中 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>
</web-app>

③建立相關的ActionForm、Action和Manager業務類

LoginActionForm類：

package com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

public class LoginActionForm extends ActionForm {

	private String username;
	private String password;

	// get和set略
}

LoginAction類：

package com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

import com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserManager;
import com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm;

public class LoginAction extends Action {

	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		// 通過ActionForm獲取用戶名和密碼
		LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm) form;
		String username = laf.getUsername();
		String password = laf.getPassword();
		// 通過工具包WebApplicationContextUtils，獲取BeanFactory
		BeanFactory factory = WebApplicationContextUtils
				.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(request.getSession()
						.getServletContext());
		// 通過IOC容器，從applicationContext-beans.xml中獲取業務邏輯對象
		UserManager userManager = (UserManager) factory.getBean("userManager");
		userManager.login(username, password);
		// /struts-config.xml
		return mapping.findForward("success");

	}

}

業務類的實現類：

package com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager;

public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

	@Override
	public void login(String username, String password) {
		System.out.println(this.getClass() + ",username=" + username);
	}

}

④建立相應的JSP頁面（login.jsp、login_success.jsp）

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
	pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=GB18030">
<title>Spring+Struts(第一種集成方案)</title>
</head>
<body>
	<form action="login.do" method="post">
		用戶：<input type="text" name="username"><br> 密碼：<input
			type="password" name="password"><br> <input
			type="submit" value="登錄">
	</form>
</body>
</html>

⑤提供Struts的配置：

struts-config.xml代碼如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="loginForm"
			type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm" />
	</form-beans>

	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/login" type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction"
			name="loginForm" scope="request">
			<forward name="success" path="/login_success.jsp" />
		</action>
	</action-mappings>
	<message-resources parameter="MessageResources" />
</struts-config>

存在缺點：

因爲Action中出現了依賴查找，所以Action依賴Spring的API

【第二種方案】

1. 集成原理：

讓IOC容器查找UserManager的實現，查找完成之後再進行注入。所以我們需要在LoginAction中提供對應set方法。並且在配置文件中配置，將Action交給Spring創建，而不是在Struts中創建。如下：

2.具體實現：

①創建一個專門配置strutsAction的Spring配置文件，applicationContext-actions.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
	<!-- 配置bean時必須使用name屬性，且name屬性值必須和struts-config.xml文件中的<action>的path屬性值一致 -->
	<bean name="/login" class="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction"
		scope="prototype">
		<property name="userManager" ref="userManager" />
	</bean>
</beans>

②修改struts-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
	<form-beans>
		<form-bean name="loginForm"
			type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm" />
	</form-beans>

	<!-- 更換struts創建的action，改爲DelegatingActionProxy -->
	<!-- DelegatingActionProxy被配置成Struts的action，所有的請求先被ActionServlet攔截， -->
	<!-- 然後將請求轉發到對應的action，最後由DelegatingActionProxy將請求轉發給Spring容器的bean -->
	<action-mappings>
		<action path="/login"
			type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="loginForm"
			scope="request">
			<forward name="success" path="/login_success.jsp" />
		</action>
	</action-mappings>
	<message-resources parameter="MessageResources" />
</struts-config>

③修改LoginAction類：

package com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

import com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserManager;
import com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.LoginActionForm;

public class LoginAction extends Action {

	private UserManager userManager;
	
	@Override
	public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
			HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws Exception {
		LoginActionForm laf = (LoginActionForm)form;
		String username = laf.getUsername();
		String password = laf.getPassword();

		userManager.login(username, password);
		
		return mapping.findForward("success");
	}


	public void setUserManager(UserManager userManager) {
		this.userManager = userManager;
	}
}

分析：DelegatingActionProxy的好處就在於你可以用不用任何spring特定的類編寫StrutsAction,這個方法也有不足之處，就是不太直觀，因爲所有路徑都映射到同一個類了。

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