[筆記] 配置Grub.img自動安裝系統

grub-mkrescue —modules=“multiboot sh fat scsi ext2 elf pxe echo ntfs chain cat blacklist memdisk ls linux boot reboot biosdisk acpi loopback tar usb iso9660 search search_fs_uuid” —output=grub2.img source_file_to_put

sudo dd if=grub2.img of=/dev/fd0 bs=512 cout=2880

source_file_to_put: 放置一些文件資源，比如自動安裝腳本；之後指定Grub安裝菜單的timeout，就可以自動安裝系統了。

使用案例：

安裝好ESXi Server，在datastore上部署好CentOS 5.3的iso，然後下載vSphere的CLI使可以用命令行控制ESXi，可以用pyVmomi封裝一層更好用。

# install centos 5.3
# create virtual machine
./vc_createvm.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename --memory=1024 --cpus=1 --disk=8192
# insert installation media
./vm_cdrom.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename -i $isofile
# insert a bootable floppy to start installation automatically
# grub2 is recommended
./vm_floppy.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename -i $flpfile
# start install
./vm_poweron.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename
# notice that in the install process, the post installation should
# modify /etc/rc.local to prepare a script which installing vmware
# tools at next time the CentOS start to work and it should be just
# run only once.
# For example:
# cat > /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh << EOF!!!
#  #!/bin/bash
#  if [ ! -f \$flag ]; then
#    exec > \$flag 2>&1
#    mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
#    vmtools=\$(basename \`ls /mnt/VM*\`)
#    cp /mnt/\$vmtools /tmp/\$vmtools
#    cd /tmp
#    tar zxf \$vmtools
#    cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib
#    ./vmware-install.pl -d
#    touch /usr/local/bin/firstboot.log
# fi
# EOF!!!
# chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh
# echo /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh >> /etc/rc.local

# wait
./vm_waitforpoweroff.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename

# install vmware tools
# eject floppy and insert installation media
./vm_floppy.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename
./vm_cdrom.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename -i "[] /usr/lib/vmware/isoimages/linux.iso"
# start virtual machine to launch the new CentOS and install vmware tools
./vm_poweron.py -H "$host" -u "$username" -p "$password" -m $machinename

按最上訪提到的方法創建一個軟盤文件，裏面的ks.cfg放在根目錄，然後配置好grub.cfg，運行上面的腳本就可以自動安裝CentOS了，末尾連vmware tools也裝了，這樣不用登錄vSphere Client也可以找到這臺虛擬機的IP地址了。

#!/bin/sh
# grub.cfg

default=0
timeout=10

menuentry "install centos" {
   insmod ata
   set root=(ata0)
   linux /isolinux/vmlinuz ks=hd:fd0:/ks.cfg
   initrd /isolinux/initrd.img
   boot
}

# ks.cfg

# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.

install
cdrom
autopart
timezone --utc Europe/London
lang en_US.UTF-8
keyboard us
xconfig --startxonboot
network --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp
rootpw --iscrypted $1$/9pfhev5$IQFIVMyPIWNdYtoG0QX.2.
firewall --enabled --port=22:tcp
authconfig --enableshadow --enablemd5
selinux --enforcing
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="rhgb quiet"
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
clearpart --all --drives=sda
#part /boot --fstype ext3 --size=100 --ondisk=sda
#part pv.2 --size=0 --grow --ondisk=sda
#volgroup VolGroup00 --pesize=32768 pv.2
#logvol swap --fstype swap --name=LogVol01 --vgname=VolGroup00 --size=1000 --grow --maxsize=4032
#logvol / --fstype ext3 --name=LogVol00 --vgname=VolGroup00 --size=1024 --grow

%packages
@office
@development-libs
@editors
@system-tools
@text-internet
@dns-server
@gnome-desktop
@dialup
@core
@authoring-and-publishing
@base
@network-server
@games
@java
@legacy-software-support
@base-x
@graphics
@printing
@server-cfg
@sound-and-video
@admin-tools
@development-tools
@graphical-internet
perl-Convert-ASN1
festival
audit
kexec-tools
device-mapper-multipath
vnc-server
xorg-x11-server-Xnest
xorg-x11-server-Xvfb
libsane-hpaio
imake
gettext-devel
parted-devel
kernel-devel
perl-XML-Parser
dejagnu
sharutils
e2fsprogs-devel

%post
/bin/mkdir /build
echo "/build   /etc/auto.tc" > /etc/auto.master
/bin/echo "toolchain -ro,soft,intr tc-fs.example.org:/build/toolchain" >> /etc/auto.tc
/sbin/chkconfig --del yum-updatesd
/sbin/chkconfig --del bluetooth
/sbin/chkconfig --del hidd
/sbin/chkconfig --del hplip
/sbin/chkconfig --del restorecond
/sbin/chkconfig --del rpcgssd
/sbin/chkconfig --del rpcidmapd
/sbin/chkconfig --del setroubleshoot
/sbin/chkconfig --del yum-updatesd

cat > /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh << EOF!!!
#!/bin/bash
flag="/usr/local/bin/firstboot.log"
if [ ! -f \$flag ]; then
   exec > \$flag 2>&1
   mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
   vmtools=\$(basename \`ls /mnt/VM*\`)
   cp /mnt/\$vmtools /tmp/\$vmtools
   cd /tmp
   tar zxf \$vmtools
   cd /tmp/vmware-tools-distrib
   ./vmware-install.pl -d
   touch /usr/local/bin/firstboot.log
fi
EOF!!!
chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh
echo /usr/local/bin/firstboot.sh >> /etc/rc.local