Customer-exit總結

Customer-exit是SAP ABAP的第二代增強技術, 它主要能實現三個方面的增強:

1. Function-exit(功能增強)

2. Menu-exit(菜單增強)

3. Screen-exit(屏幕增強)

Find Customer-exit

通常找增強點有三種方法, 建議用程序來找, 簡單, 快捷, 準確

方法1: 搜關鍵字法(缺點:有時不能把所有點找到)

Step 1: 以TCODE: SE38爲例, 對應的程序是SAPLS38E, 先進去程序的代碼界面, 點系統工具欄的FIND按扭

Step 2: 查找關鍵字CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION

Step 3: 按確定後就能看到對應的結果了

方法2: 利用TCODE: CMOD來找

Step 1: CMOD-> Utilities-> SAP enhancements, 我們可以通過Package或Component name來找, 還可以選擇要找的增強類型. (這裏我用Component name來找, EXIT_PROGRAMNAME*, 我選所有的增強類型, 如果用Package來找可以找到同一個Package下的其他程序的增強點)

Step 2: 按F8後查看結果

方法3: 通過一個網上流傳很廣的程序去找, 下面是程序的代碼

TABLES:tstc,tadir,modsapt,modact,trdir,tfdir,enlfdir,sxs_attrt,tstct.

DATA : jtab LIKE tadir OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA : field1(30).
DATA : v_devclass LIKE tadir-devclass.

PARAMETERS : p_tcode LIKE tstc-tcode,
             p_pgmna LIKE tstc-pgmna .

DATA wa_tadir TYPE tadir.

START-OF-SELECTION.
  IF NOT p_tcode IS INITIAL.

    SELECT SINGLE * FROM tstc WHERE tcode EQ p_tcode.

  ELSEIF NOT p_pgmna IS INITIAL.

    tstc-pgmna = p_pgmna.

  ENDIF.
  IF sy-subrc EQ 0.

    SELECT SINGLE * FROM tadir
    WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR'
      AND object = 'PROG'
      AND obj_name = tstc-pgmna.

    MOVE : tadir-devclass TO v_devclass.

    IF sy-subrc NE 0.

      SELECT SINGLE * FROM trdir
        WHERE name = tstc-pgmna.

      IF trdir-subc EQ 'F'.

        SELECT SINGLE * FROM tfdir
          WHERE pname = tstc-pgmna.

        SELECT SINGLE * FROM enlfdir
          WHERE funcname = tfdir-funcname.

        SELECT SINGLE * FROM tadir
          WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR'
          AND object = 'FUGR'
          AND obj_name EQ enlfdir-area.

        MOVE : tadir-devclass TO v_devclass.

      ENDIF.

    ENDIF.

    SELECT * FROM tadir INTO TABLE jtab WHERE pgmid = 'R3TR' AND
      object IN ('SMOD', 'SXSD') AND
      devclass = v_devclass.

    SELECT SINGLE * FROM tstct WHERE sprsl EQ sy-langu AND
      tcode EQ p_tcode.

    FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INTENSIFIED OFF.

    WRITE:/(19) 'Transaction Code - ',
    20(20) p_tcode,
    45(50) tstct-ttext.

    SKIP.

    IF NOT jtab[] IS INITIAL.
      WRITE:/(105) sy-uline.
      FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INTENSIFIED ON.
      SORT jtab BY object.

      DATA : wf_txt(60) TYPE c,
             wf_smod TYPE i ,
             wf_badi TYPE i ,
             wf_object2(30) TYPE c.

      CLEAR : wf_smod, wf_badi , wf_object2.

      LOOP AT jtab INTO wa_tadir.

        AT FIRST.
          FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INTENSIFIED ON.
          WRITE:/1 sy-vline,
              2 'Enhancement/ Business Add-in',
              41 sy-vline ,
              42 'Description',
              105 sy-vline.
          WRITE:/(105) sy-uline.
        ENDAT.

        CLEAR wf_txt.

        AT NEW object.
          IF wa_tadir-object = 'SMOD'.
            wf_object2 = 'Enhancement' .
          ELSEIF wa_tadir-object = 'SXSD'.
            wf_object2 = ' Business Add-in'.
          ENDIF.

          FORMAT COLOR COL_GROUP INTENSIFIED ON.
          WRITE:/1 sy-vline,
                2 wf_object2,
                105 sy-vline.
        ENDAT.

        CASE wa_tadir-object.
          WHEN 'SMOD'.
            wf_smod = wf_smod + 1.
            SELECT SINGLE modtext INTO wf_txt
              FROM modsapt
              WHERE sprsl = sy-langu
                AND name = wa_tadir-obj_name.
            FORMAT COLOR COL_NORMAL INTENSIFIED OFF.
          WHEN 'SXSD'.
            " For BADis
            wf_badi = wf_badi + 1 .
            SELECT SINGLE text INTO wf_txt
              FROM sxs_attrt
              WHERE sprsl = sy-langu
                AND exit_name = wa_tadir-obj_name.

            FORMAT COLOR COL_NORMAL INTENSIFIED ON.

        ENDCASE.

        WRITE:/1 sy-vline,
              2 wa_tadir-obj_name HOTSPOT ON,
              41 sy-vline ,
              42 wf_txt,
              105 sy-vline.

        AT END OF object.
          WRITE : /(105) sy-uline.
        ENDAT.

      ENDLOOP.

      WRITE:/(105) sy-uline.

      SKIP.

      FORMAT COLOR COL_TOTAL INTENSIFIED ON.

      WRITE:/ 'No.of Exits:' , wf_smod.
      WRITE:/ 'No.of BADis:' , wf_badi.

    ELSE.
      FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INTENSIFIED ON.
      WRITE:/(105) 'No userexits or BADis exist'.
    ENDIF.
  ELSE.
    FORMAT COLOR COL_NEGATIVE INTENSIFIED ON.
    WRITE:/(105) 'Transaction does not exist'.
  ENDIF.

AT LINE-SELECTION.
  DATA : wf_object TYPE tadir-object.
  CLEAR wf_object.
  GET CURSOR FIELD field1.
  CHECK field1(8) EQ 'WA_TADIR'.
  READ TABLE jtab WITH KEY obj_name = sy-lisel+1(20).
  MOVE jtab-object TO wf_object.
  CASE wf_object.
    WHEN 'SMOD'.
      SET PARAMETER ID 'MON' FIELD sy-lisel+1(10).
      CALL TRANSACTION 'SMOD' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.
    WHEN 'SXSD'.
      SET PARAMETER ID 'EXN' FIELD sy-lisel+1(20).
      CALL TRANSACTION 'SE18' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.
  ENDCASE.

Step 1: 輸入Selection screen的值, TCODE或program name

Step 2: 按F8查看結果

Customer-exit的實現

1. Function-exit的實現

Step 1: CMOD-> Create project

Step 2: Enhancement assignments

Step3: 保存, 激活

Step 4: Write enhancement code

Step 5: 測試結果

2. Menu-exit的實現

Step 1: CMOD-> Create project

Step 2: Enhancement assignments

Step 3: 保存, 激活

Step 4: Add the menu test

Step 5: Write the enhancement code and activate it

Step 6: 測試結果

3. Screen-exit的實現

現在我對IW22增加一個子屏幕

STEP 1: 找觸發點

程序SAPLIQS0裏面screen太多了, 有些screen少的程序可以直接看flow logic來查看customer subscreen area

來判斷屏幕的邏輯, 同時可以根據語句call customer-subscreen來判斷, 當然debug也可以.

這裏還是直接用搜索的方法來找出口吧

首先找到程序的Package:

通過程序RPR_ABAP_SOURCE_SCAN去查找語句call customer-subscreen

這裏找出了5個exit, 我這裏只截了其中一個的圖

注意PBO事件裏call的前面有個MODULE USER0002_OUTPUT_O90

PAI事件裏call的後面有個MODULE USER0002_INPUT_I90

在PBO那個module裏面打個斷點, 5個exit都打

然後運行TCODE IW22輸入notification number後按回車

可以看到, 程序在user0001斷下來了.

進入subroutine user_exit_008_f90就可以看到exit EXIT_SAPMIWO0_008了.

按兩下F6, 我們可以看到customer subscreen的程序和屏幕號

Step 2: CMOD建Project, assign exit QQMA0001, 激活.

Step 3: 到表QMEL的include structure CI_QMEL那裏增加兩個field

Step 4: 到目標screen去建需要的field

Step 5: 定義全局變量(SAPLXQQM->LXQQMTOP->ZXQQMTOP)

Step 6: 到ZXQQMU07去寫兩句代碼

Step 7: 到ZXQQMU08去寫兩句代碼, 順便寫上按鈕觸發事件(不知道爲什麼寫在9100的PAI沒有反應)

Step 8: 測試一下, 當我按下button時, 出現Zero test後, 又出現了另一條Error message Requested function Z8ZE is not available here.

我Debug這條message的位置附近發現程序有一個select 表T158F的過程.

下面是ABAP stack

Step 9: Google一下這個表, 發現這裏有一個screen control的概念, 到TCODE VFBS裏對錶T158F和表T158增加一條新紀錄(PM模塊好幾個TCODE的FCODE增強都需要這一步, FCODE最好是以Z8或Z9開頭的四位字符, 這個namespace可以在report RDDKOR54查得到)

(這裏有個鏈接有比較詳細的解釋: http://scn.sap.com/message/374999 )

表T158F:

表T158:

到此爲止, 增強做完了

Step10: 效果圖

P.S. 1: Clear SY-UCOMM的問題

留意到我step 7的那段代碼

IF sy-ucomm = 'Z8ZE'.
  MESSAGE 'Zero test' TYPE 'I'.
ENDIF.

其實這樣寫並不是很恰當, 我之前留意到更多前輩是這樣寫的

DATA: lv_ucomm TYPE sy_ucomm.
clear lv_ucomm.
lv_ucomm = sy-ucomm.
CLEAR sy-ucomm.
IF lv_ucomm = 'Z8ZE'.
  MESSAGE 'Zero test' TYPE 'I'.
ENDIF.

之前一直不知道這樣寫有什麼作用, 現在知道了, 就我這個例子而言, 當我按了Test那個按鈕後, 就會彈出'Zero test'的message, 但當我放大或縮小當前session的窗口後, message又再一次彈出來, 這是證明了像放大或縮小窗口這種操作並不會重置function code, function code還是之前操作那個, 該走的邏輯還是會走...

過了幾天後, Palm童鞋發現這個message在放大縮小窗口時還是會彈出來, 我debug了program, 發現在customer subscreen的邏輯走完後, 回到上一層的subsreen, sy-ucomm居然還是'Z8ZE', 這是什麼問題還搞不清楚.

我想試一下在這一層清掉sy-ucomm, 看能否解決重複彈message的問題

首先修改一下customer-exit的代碼

然後在7212這個Screen這一層加上隱式增強代碼

看看ABAP stack

最後問題順利解決

P.S. 2: IW22的screen配置

IW22的屏幕增強還和SPRO的配置有關, 配置路徑SPRO->Plant Maintenance and Customer Service->Maintenance and Service Processing->Maintenance and Service Notifications->Notification Creation->Notification Types->Set screen Templates for notification type.

在這裏我對M1類型增加了一個tab Zero test, 之前的增強是在tab Notification 1裏面做的

這裏可以把期中一個subscreen area配成Customer subscreen, 如果沒有配的話之前的增強就不會成立, 即使加斷點也不會跑那一段程序

Customer-exit總結

查找customer exit掛在哪個project

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