大数据集群-这是一篇longlong的博客

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ip设置：

服务器中共虚拟了6台虚拟机：

hadoop1 ：内存8G，硬盘2T
hadoop2 ：内存8G，硬盘2T
hadoop3 ：内存8G，硬盘2T
zookeeper ：内存8G，硬盘2T
redis ：内存8G，硬盘2T
ethings ：内存8G，硬盘2T

192.168.0.10 hadoop1 // hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6 + hive2.1.1 + mariadb5.5
192.168.0.11 hadoop2 // hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.0.12 hadoop3 // hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.0.13 zookeeper // (备用)
192.168.0.14 redis // redis4.0.1 + mysql(mariadb5.5)
192.168.0.15 ethings // 应用平台
192.168.0.16 hadoop3 // hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6
192.168.0.17 hadoop3 // hadoop2.7.4 + zookeeper3.4.10 + hbase1.2.6

这是整个在给的服务器上搭建的环境，
目前数据存储在 hadoop2 和 hadoop3 上。

---

存储平台开关

	启动：
		
		1. 先启动zookeeper:
		hadoop1:zkServer.sh start
		hadoop2:zkServer.sh start
		hadoop3:zkServer.sh start
		2. 启动hbase
		hadoop1:start-hbase.sh 
		3. 启动hadoop集群
		hadoop1:start-all.sh
		
	关闭：

		1. 先关闭zookeeper:
		hadoop1:zkServer.sh stop
		hadoop2:zkServer.sh stop
		hadoop3:zkServer.sh stop
		2. 关闭hbase
		hadoop1:stop-hbase.sh 
		3. 关闭hadoop集群
		hadoop1:stop-all.sh

---

hadoop

core-site.xml

<configuration>
    <!-- 指定HDFS老大（namenode）的通信地址 -->
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://hadoop1:9000</value>
    </property>
    <!-- 指定hadoop运行时产生文件的存储路径 -->
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/tmp</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

hdfs-site.xml

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>hadoop1:9001</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>
    </property>
    <!-- 设置hdfs副本数量 -->
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
	<property>
        <name>dfs.permissions</name>
        <value>false</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

客户端，添加环境变量：HADOOP_USER_NAME=hadoop （如果在客户端的IDE中调试需要设置这个环境变量，如eclipse、idea等），这样就不会发生访问权限问题了。
另外，说一下，建立虚拟机时候，就默认使用hadoop用户建立，这样就不用专门去建立这个用户和组了。

mapred-site.xml

<configuration>
        <property>
　　　　         <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
                <value>yarn</value>
           </property>
          <property>
                  <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
                  <value>hadoop1:10020</value>
          </property>
          <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
                <value>hadoop1:19888</value>
       </property>
</configuration>

slaves

hadoop2
hadoop3
hadoop4
hadoop5

yarn-site.xml

<configuration>
    <!-- reducer取数据的方式是mapreduce_shuffle -->
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
<property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>
    <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
    <value>hadoop1:8032</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
    <value>hadoop1:8030</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
    <value>hadoop1:8031</value>
  </property>
        <property>
              <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
               <value>hadoop1:8033</value>
       </property>
       <property>
               <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
               <value>hadoop1:8088</value>
       </property>
</configuration>

---

hbase

hbase-site.xml

<configuration>
	<property>
        <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
        <value>hdfs://hadoop1:9000/hbase</value>
    </property>
        <value>hadoop1,hadoop2,hadoop3,hadoop4,hadoop5</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>zookeeper.session.timeout</name>
        <value>60000000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.support.append</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

hbase-env.sh

export HBASE_OPTS="-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC"
# Configure PermSize. Only needed in JDK7. You can safely remove it for JDK8+
export HBASE_MASTER_OPTS="$HBASE_MASTER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"
export HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS="$HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m"

regionservers

hadoop2
hadoop3
hadoop4
hadoop5

---

vbox设置共享目录

mount -t vboxsf share /home/hadoop/mount_point/

虚拟机中需要安装VBoxGuestAdditions.iso
挂载： mount /dev/cdrom /home/hadoop/mount_point/
cd /home/hadoop/mount_point/
sh ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run
执行过程中可能有错，根据错误日志修改
需要
sudo yum install gcc kernal kernal-devel
成功后就可以挂载了
mount -t vboxsf share /home/hadoop/mount_point/

---

Zookeeper设置

tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/tmp/data
dataLogDir=/usr/local/zookeeper/tmp/logs
clientPort=2181
server.1=hadoop1:2888:3888
server.2=hadoop2:2888:3888
server.3=hadoop3:2888:3888
#server.4=hadoop4:2888:3888
#server.5=hadoop5:2888:3888
#maxClientCnxns=60
#autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
#autopurge.purgeInterval=1

配置好后在dataDir目录中创建myid,并相应的设置 1,2,3,4,5,

---

HIVE 设置

<configuration>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
		<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;useSSL=false</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
		<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
		<value>root</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
		<value>root</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 设置 hive仓库的HDFS上的位置 -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>
		<value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>
	</property>
	  
	<!--资源临时文件存放位置 -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
		<value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/${hive.session.id}_resources</value>
	</property>
	<!-- Hive在0.9版本之前需要设置hive.exec.dynamic.partition为true, Hive在0.9版本之后默认为true -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.exec.dynamic.partition</name>
		<value>true</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.exec.dynamic.partition.mode</name>
		<value>nonstrict</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 修改日志位置 -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.exec.local.scratchdir</name>
		<value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/HiveJobsLog</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.downloaded.resources.dir</name>
		<value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/ResourcesLog</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.querylog.location</name>
		<value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/HiveRunLog</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.logging.operation.log.location</name>
		<value>/usr/local/hive/tmp/OperationLogs</value>
	</property>
	<!-- 配置HWI接口 -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.hwi.war.file</name>
		<value>${env:HWI_WAR_FILE}</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.hwi.listen.host</name>
		<value>0.0.0.0</value>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.hwi.listen.port</name>
		<value>9999</value>
	</property>
	  
	<!-- Hiveserver2已经不再需要hive.metastore.local这个配置项了(hive.metastore.uris为空，则表示是metastore在本地，否则就是远程)远程的话直接配置hive.metastore.uris即可 -->
	<!-- property>
		<name>hive.metastore.uris</name>
		<value>thrift://m1:9083</value>
		<description>Thrift URI for the remote metastore. Used by metastore client to connect to remote metastore.</description>
	</property --> 
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</name>
		<value>hadoop1</value>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.thrift.port</name>
		<value>10000</value>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.thrift.http.port</name>
		<value>10001</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.thrift.http.path</name>
		<value>cliservice</value>
	</property>
	<!-- HiveServer2的WEB UI -->
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.webui.host</name>
		<value>0.0.0.0</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.webui.port</name>
		<value>10002</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.scratch.dir.permission</name>
		<value>755</value>
	  </property>
	<!-- 下面hive.aux.jars.path这个属性里面你这个jar包地址如果是本地的记住前面要加file://不然找不到, 而且会报org.apache.hadoop.hive.contrib.serde2.RegexSerDe错误 -->
	  <property>
		<name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>
		<value/>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name>
		<value>true</value>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>hive.auto.convert.join</name>
		<value>true</value>
	  </property>
	<property>
		<name>spark.dynamicAllocation.enabled</name>
		<value>true</value>
		<description>动态分配资源</description>  
	</property>
	<!-- 使用Hive on spark时,若不设置下列该配置会出现内存溢出异常 -->
	<property>
		<name>spark.driver.extraJavaOptions</name>
		<value>-XX:PermSize=128M -XX:MaxPermSize=512M</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>datanucleus.autoCreateSchema</name>
		<value>true</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>datanucleus.autoCreateTables</name>
		<value>true</value>
	</property>
	<property>
		<name>datanucleus.autoCreateColumns</name>
		<value>true</value>
	</property>
</configuration>

hive的配置感觉是最复杂的了，上面使用的是mysql作为元数据管理，如果用centos7的话，系统默认自带mariadb数据库跟mysql是一样的。

---

Redis4.0.1

安装：

$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.1.tar.gz
$ tar xzf redis-4.0.1.tar.gz
$ cd redis-4.0.1
$ make

make成功后，执行

$ src/redis-server

测试:

$ src/redis-cli
redis> set foo bar
OK
redis> get foo
"bar"

如果make不成功，可以参考README.md，使用

make MALLOC=libc 

再编译一次，默认使用

make MALLOC=jemalloc

VirtualBox 磁盘复制

虚拟机做好一个后，复制一下就会得到另一台虚拟机，但是有时候，并不是通过VirtualBox界面工具复制的，直接手动复制粘贴，这样这个虚拟机是启动不来的，所以需要如下方法：

cmd至virtualBox运行目录后，执行

VBoxManage.exe internalcommands sethduuid G:\vbox\xxx.vdi

将修改VDI的UUID
修改成功提示UUID changed to: 428079cd-830d-49b1-bfde-feac051b4d3e

run VBoxManage internalcommands sethduuid <VDI/VMDK file> twice (the first time is just to conveniently generate an UUID, you could use any other UUID generation method instead)
open the .vbox file in a text editor
replace the UUID found in <Machine uuid="{...}" with the UUID you got when you ran sethduuid the first time
replace the UUID found in <HardDisk uuid="{...}" and in <Image uuid="{}" (towards the end) with the UUID you got when you ran sethduuid the second time

Spark

spark-env.sh

export SCALA_HOME=/usr/local/scala
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export SPARK_MASTER_IP=hadoop1
export SPARK_WORKER_MEMORY=4G
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop

我这里虚拟机的内存是8G的。

---

设置静态IP地址

[hadoop@zookeeper network-scripts]$ cat ifcfg-enp0s3
TYPE="Ethernet"
#BOOTPROTO="dhcp"
BOOTPROTO="static"
IPADDR=192.168.0.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
DEFROUTE="yes"
PEERDNS="yes"
PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6INIT="yes"
IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes"
IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV6_PEERDNS="yes"
IPV6_PEERROUTES="yes"
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy"
NAME="enp0s3"
UUID="09f62fa6-36bc-4782-95ad-63fda20b194f"
DEVICE="enp0s3"
ONBOOT="yes"

关闭防火墙

sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service
sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service
sudo systemctl status firewalld.service

启动一个服务：systemctl start firewalld.service
关闭一个服务：systemctl stop firewalld.service
重启一个服务：systemctl restart firewalld.service
显示一个服务的状态：systemctl status firewalld.service
在开机时启用一个服务：systemctl enable firewalld.service
在开机时禁用一个服务：systemctl disable firewalld.service
查看服务是否开机启动：systemctl is-enabled firewalld.service
查看已启动的服务列表：systemctl list-unit-files|grep enabled

从VirtulBox转VMware磁盘

vmkload_mod multiextent
vmkfstools -i hadoop3-disk1.vmdk hadoop3-disk2.vmdk -d thin 
vmkfstools -U hadoop3-disk1.vmdk 
vmkfstools -E hadoop3-disk2.vmdk hadoop3-disk1.vmdk 
vmkload_mod -u multiextent

Hadoop退出安全模式

1. 在HDFS配置文件中修改安全模式阀值

在hdfs-site.xml中设置安全阀值属性，属性值默认为0.999f，如果设为1则不进行安全检查

<property>
  <name>dfs.safemode.threshold.pct</name>
  <value>0.999f</value>
  <description>
	Specifies the percentage of blocks that should satisfy
	the minimal replication requirement defined by dfs.replication.min.
	Values less than or equal to 0 mean not to wait for any particular
	percentage of blocks before exiting safemode.
	Values greater than 1 will make safe mode permanent.
  </description>
</property>

因为是在配置文件中进行硬修改，不利于管理员操作和修改，因此不推荐此方式

2. 直接在bash输入指令脱离安全模式（推荐）

在安全模式下输入指令：

hadoop dfsadmin -safemode leave

即可退出安全模式。

hdfs文件保存到本地

hadoop fs -get [-ignorecrc] [-crc] 复制文件到本地文件系统
hadoop fs -get hdfs://host:port/user/hadoop/file localfile

各模式下运行spark自带实例SparkPi

2.1 local模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master local lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar 

2.2 standalone模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master spark://192.168.0.10:7077 lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar 

2.3 on-yarn-cluster模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master yarn-cluster lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar

2.4 on-yarn-client模式

./bin/spark-submit --class org.apache.spark.examples.SparkPi --master yarn-client lib/spark-examples-1.0.0-hadoop2.2.0.jar

2.5 参考

http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/submitting-applications.html