數據結構——鏈式棧

頭文件：

#ifndef __LINKSTACK_H__
#define __LINKSTACK_H__
#include "error.h"

#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE  1

typedef int StackData;
typedef struct _node
{
    StackData data;
    struct _node *next;
}Node;

typedef struct _linkStack
{
    Node *top;
}LinkStack;

// 創建棧
LinkStack *Create_Stack();

// 判棧空否
int StackEmpty (LinkStack *s);  

// 進棧
int Push (LinkStack *S, StackData x);   

// 出棧
int Pop (LinkStack *S, StackData *x);

// 獲取棧頂元素
int GetTop (LinkStack *S, StackData *x); 

// 銷燬棧
int Destroy(LinkStack *s);


#endif //__LINKSTACK_H__

錯誤信息頭文件：

#ifndef __ERROR_H__
#define __ERROR_H__

#include <stdio.h>

#define ERROR         -1
#define FULL_STACK    -2
#define EMPTY_STACK   -3
#define MALLOC_ERROR  -4


int errno;     // 錯誤號

void myError(char *str);

char* myStrError(int num);


#endif // __ERROR_H__

輸出錯誤信息函數：

#include "error.h"

void myError(char *str)
{
    char *msg = myStrError(errno);
    printf ("%s: %s\n", str, msg);
}

char* myStrError(int num)
{
    switch (errno)
    {
        case ERROR:
            return "輸入參數錯誤";
        case FULL_STACK:
            return "滿棧狀態";
        case EMPTY_STACK:
            return "空棧狀態";
        case MALLOC_ERROR:
            return "空間分配失敗";
    }
}

功能函數：

#include "LinkStack.h"
#include <stdlib.h>

LinkStack *Create_Stack()
{
    LinkStack* s = (LinkStack*)malloc(sizeof(LinkStack)/sizeof(char));
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = MALLOC_ERROR;
        return NULL;
    }

    // 置空棧
    s->top = NULL;

    return s;
}

int StackEmpty (LinkStack *s)
{
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    return s->top == NULL;
}

int Push (LinkStack *s, StackData x)
{
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    // 新建結點
    Node* node = (Node*)malloc(sizeof(Node)/sizeof(char));
    if (node == NULL)
    {
        errno = MALLOC_ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    node->data = x;
    node->next = s->top;
    s->top = node;

    return TRUE;
}

int Pop (LinkStack *s, StackData *x)
{
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (StackEmpty(s))
    {
        errno = EMPTY_STACK;
        return FALSE;
    }

    Node *p = s->top;
    *x = p->data;

    s->top = p->next;
    free(p);    

    return TRUE;
}

int GetTop (LinkStack *s, StackData *x)
{
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    if (StackEmpty(s))
    {
        errno = EMPTY_STACK;
        return FALSE;
    }

    *x = s->top->data;  

    return TRUE;
}

// 銷燬棧
int Destroy(LinkStack *s)
{
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        errno = ERROR;
        return FALSE;
    }

    int x;
    while(StackEmpty(s) != TRUE)
    {
        Pop (s, &x);
    }

    free(s);

    return TRUE;
}

main函數：

#include <stdio.h>
#include "LinkStack.h"

int main()
{
    LinkStack *s =  Create_Stack();
    if (s == NULL)
    {
        myError ("Create_Stack");
        return -1;
    }

    if (StackEmpty(s))
    {
        printf ("空棧\n");
    }

    int x;
    if (Pop(s, &x) != TRUE)
    {
        myError ("Pop 錯誤");
    }


    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
    {
        Push(s, i);
    }

    char str[100];
    for (i = 0; i < 12; i++)
    {
        if (Pop (s, &x) != TRUE)
        {
            sprintf (str, "Pop第%d個元素", i);
            myError (str);
        }

        printf ("x : %d\n", x);
    }

    if (Destroy(s) == FALSE)
    {
        myError ("Destroy");
    }
    return 0;
}