基於spring-mvc模式下的maven-web項目的環境配置

今天呢打算詳細介紹下基於spring-mvc模式下的maven-web項目的環境配置，具體步驟如下：

1.建立一個maven-web工程

2.配置pom.xml，導入spring-mvc模式需要的jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.yc</groupId>
  <artifactId>maven-web</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>2.5</log4j.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
        <oracle.version>12.1.0.1</oracle.version>
        <dbcp.version>2.1.1</dbcp.version>
        <spring.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <mybatis-spring.version>1.3.0</mybatis-spring.version>
        <jdbc.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</jdbc.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 單元測試包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 日誌包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 日誌實現包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- mybatis框架包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- oracle數據庫驅動包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.hynnet</groupId>
            <artifactId>oracle-driver-ojdbc6</artifactId>
            <version>${oracle.version}</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 第三方的數據庫連接池框架DBCP -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>${dbcp.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- jdbc框架包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${jdbc.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入spring框架的依賴 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring-test框架包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- spring 與 mybatis的整合包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis-spring.version}</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>


    </dependencies>
</project>

3.建立mvc模式分層

4.配置日誌文件（log4j.xml），放在src/main/resources位置下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration>
    <Appenders>
        <Console name="STDOUT" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p %C{1} (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
        </Console>
       <File name="fileLog" fileName="log/user.log">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d %-5p %C{1} (%F:%L) - %m%n"/>
        </File>

    </Appenders>
    <Loggers>
        <!--自定義包中類的日誌級別-->
        <Logger name="com.yc.spring" level="debug"/>

        <!-- 日誌級別總開頭 -->
        <Root level="error">
            <AppenderRef ref="STDOUT"/>
            <AppenderRef ref="fileLog"/>
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

5.關鍵的一步，配置spring.xml，同樣放在src/main/resources位置下。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- bean就由spring容器創建好的對象 -->

    <!-- 指定可以做爲spring容器管理的對象的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.yc.spring" />

    <!-- 引用外部的屬性文件  -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

    <!-- 手動配置spring容器中的bean -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <property name="initialSize" value="${jdbc.initialSize}" />
        <property name="maxTotal" value="${jdbc.maxTotal}" />
        <property name="minIdle" value="${jdbc.minIdle}" />
        <property name="validationQuery" value="${jdbc.validationQuery}" />
    </bean>

    <!-- mybatis的sqlsessionFactory對象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  <!-- 注入數據源對象 -->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.yc.spring"/> <!-- 注入別名定義所在的包 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入註冊映射文件 -->
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置映射接口的代理實現類的bean,bean的名稱爲首字母小寫 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.yc.spring.mapper" />
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

6.現在我們就需要導入一個db.properties文件，這裏我使用的是oracle數據庫，所以配置的這個文件數據是oracle類型的。當然位置也在src/main/resources下。

jdbc.driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl
jdbc.username=lty
jdbc.password=d
jdbc.initialSize=10
jdbc.maxTotal=100
jdbc.minIdle=5
jdbc.validationQuery=select 1 from dual

7.我們需要在src/main/resources下建立一級mapper目錄，用來存放映射xml文件。這裏我們是對應spring.xml文件中

<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入註冊映射文件 -->

這段代碼，如果你不建立mapper目錄，那麼spring.xml文件中也需要做相應的修改。如：

<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:*Mapper.xml"/> <!-- 注入註冊映射文件 -->

8.完成到這裏可以說環境配置已經差不多結束了，但是，我們還需要對環境進行一個測試。我們在src/test/java下編寫一個測試類connTest，代碼如下

package com.yc.spring.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //調用spring-test框架的測試
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:spring.xml")
public class ConnTest {

    @Autowired    //自動注入對象
    private DataSource datasource;

    @Test
    public void test() throws SQLException {
        Connection conn=datasource.getConnection();
        assertNotNull(conn);
    }
}

測試通過即代表環境配置完成。