1.在http://www.percona.com/downloads/XtraBackup/LATEST/ 下載對應平臺的XtraBackup,這裏使用的是 http://www.percona.com/redir/downloads/XtraBackup/XtraBackup-2.0.0/binary/Linux/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0.tar.gz
2.解壓tar -zvxf percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
3.因爲MySQL我安裝的是Percona-Server-5.5.21,而且安裝目錄爲:/usr/local/Percona-Server-5.5.21-rel25.0-227.Linux.x86_64/,注:同樣可以用於其他MySQL版本
cd /usr/local/percona-xtrabackup-2.0.0/bin cp * /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.5.21-rel25.0-227.Linux.x86_64/bin/
因爲系統Path裏面已經加入
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:/usr/local/Percona-Server-5.5.21-rel25.0-227.Linux.x86_64/bin:$PATH
4.我的mysql的配置文件是/etc/my.cnf,如果不指定,XtraBackup默認使用此文件識別mysql安裝目錄,數據文件目錄等信息
5.全量備份:innobackupex --user=DBUSER --password=DBUSERPASS /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/,我使用/data/backup/mysql/作爲mysql備份文件存放目錄
innobackupex --user=YOUS --password=YOUS /data/backup/mysql
看到類似輸出說明備份成功,如出錯,根據提示解決
innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32' innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000063', position 44718229367 120528 19:07:53 innobackupex: completed OK!
可以在/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32看到備份的文件
此時,cat xtrabackup_checkpoints會看到
backup_type = full-backuped from_lsn = 0 to_lsn = 44718229367 last_lsn = 44718229367
6.全量Preparing:innobackupex --apply-log /path/to/BACKUP-DIR
innobackupex --user=YOUS --password=YOUS --apply-log /data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32/
可以看到如下生成文件:
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 13 May 28 19:07 xtrabackup_binary -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 26 May 29 15:07 xtrabackup_binlog_info -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43 May 29 15:07 xtrabackup_binlog_pos_innodb -rw-r-----. 1 root root 85 May 29 15:07 xtrabackup_checkpoints -rw-r-----. 1 root root 2097152 May 29 14:03 xtrabackup_logfile
cat xtrabackup_checkpoints,可以看出是全量備份並且做了prepare的
backup_type = full-prepared from_lsn = 0 to_lsn = 49556823920 last_lsn = 49556823920
7.增量備份的前提是必須已經做過全量備份。
增量備份:innobackupex --incremental /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/--incremental-basedir=BASEDIR,當有了INCREMENTAL-DIR-1之後,下一次增量備份的需要基於INCREMENTAL-DIR-1,變成innobackupex --incremental /path/to/BACKUP-DIR/ --incremental-basedir=INCREMENTAL-DIR-1
全量備份的目錄是:/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32
innobackupex --incremental /data/backup/mysql --incremental-basedir=/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32/ --user=YOUS --password=YOUS
增量備份成功會生成目錄/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-29_14-25-03
cat xtrabackup_checkpoints
backup_type = incremental from_lsn = 44718229367 to_lsn = 49556823920 last_lsn = 49556823920
8.增量Preparing,對每一個增量備份目錄:
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only BASE-DIR --incremental-dir=INCREMENTAL-DIR-1
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only BASE-DIR --incremental-dir=INCREMENTAL-DIR-2
innobackupex --apply-log --redo-only /data/backup/mysql/2012-05-28_19-01-32/ --incremental-dir=/data/backup/mysql/2012-05-29_14-25-03 --user=YOUS--password=YOUS
看到如下輸出:
120529 14:29:43 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 49556823920 120529 14:29:43 innobackupex: completed OK!
cd BASE-DIR,cat xtrabackup_checkpoints
backup_type = full-prepared from_lsn = 0 to_lsn = 49556823920 last_lsn = 49556823920
當把所有的增量備份都執行Preparing後,還可以全量備份和全部的增量備份做一次Preparing,
innobackupex --apply-log BASE-DIR
9.恢復數據:innobackupex --copy-back BASE-DIR
參考:http://www.percona.com/doc/percona-xtrabackup/innobackupex/innobackupex_script.html