Oracle 利用RMAN 完成數據遷移

整體流程：對A機的數據庫來一個熱備，並且是一個全備，然後通過scp命令把備份傳到B機，然後把A庫停掉（注意關庫不會觸發歸檔），之後再把歸檔日誌和redo日誌傳給B機，最後再在B庫上 restore 和recover

數據文件，控制文件，參數文件  的恢復過程：根據數據庫的啓動流程，可以知道最先讀取數據文件，所以應該先還原參數文件，然後會讀控制文件，所以你要再修復控制文件，最後再修復數據文件，

具體操作流程：

一：對A庫做一個熱全備，

RMAN> backup as backupset database include current controlfile plus archivelog format '/u01/app/oracle/arch_%U.rmn' delete all input;

省列。。。。

Finished backup at 14-AUG-14

二：把所做的備份用scp傳給B機。 如紅色命令會把A機的ENMOEDU接到B機的Oracle/下，，即Oracle/ENMOEDU

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ scp -r /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU     [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle/
The authenticity of host '192.168.80.11 (192.168.80.11)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 54:78:71:4c:93:51:01:f4:e3:83:b5:35:8f:9f:d5:b1.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? y
Please type 'yes' or 'no': yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.80.11' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password:
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9o7k_.bkp 100% 148MB 36.9MB/s 00:04
o1_mf_ncnnf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9ws3_.bkp 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9n9o_.bkp 100% 97MB 24.2MB/s 00:04
o1_mf_nnsnf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9nml_.bkp 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9o26_.bkp 100% 140MB 28.0MB/s 00:05
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srh9v71_.bkp 100% 145MB 29.0MB/s 00:05
o1_mf_nnndf_SECTION_DF1_9srhb0dh_.bkp 100% 81MB 27.0MB/s 00:03
o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp 100% 9600KB 4.7MB/s 00:02
o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc46go_.bkp 100% 1140MB 24.3MB/s 00:47
control02.ctl                                                            100% 9520KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
三：把A庫數據庫關閉，把歸檔和redo傳給B機，（因爲你備份的時候沒有關閉數據庫，難免會再產生新的歸檔和redo，爲保證一致性，還有必要進行這步）

1.SYS@ENMOEDU> select * from v$log;                      #顯示第三組  正在被使用，所以只傳它就行（因爲別的已經被歸檔，）

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 100 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 1365811 14-AUG-14 1365876 14-AUG-14

2 1 101 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 1365876 14-AUG-14 1365981 14-AUG-14

3 1 102 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 1365981 14-AUG-14 2.8147E+14


2.SYS@ENMOEDU> select * from v$logfile;     #查看日誌的具體位置

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_
---
1 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo01.log
NO

2 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo02.log
NO

GROUP# STATUS TYPE
---------- ------- -------
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS_
---

3 ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo03.log
NO

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ scp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/redo03.log [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle
[email protected]'s password:
redo03.log 100% 50MB 50.0MB/s 00:01  

至於歸檔嘛  我在測試的時候沒有切換日誌，也不存在日誌組寫滿的情況，所以沒有產生歸檔，又因爲我在備份的時候加上了delete all input 所以會把已經備份的歸檔刪掉，所以你不會看到新的歸檔  也就不用傳了  呵呵

四:在B機操作

1，開啓僞實例，注意可不要把B機的數據庫實例給打開了  因爲我的測試B機也有數據庫。

[oracle@ENMOEDU ~]$ set DBID=87396644               #設成A機的數據庫編號

RMAN> startup                #啓動僞實例  

[oracle@ENMOEDU ENMOEDU]$ rman target /

RMAN> restore spfile from '/u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp';

Starting restore at 15-AUG-14

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring spfile from AUTOBACKUP /u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from AUTOBACKUP complete

Finished restore at 15-AUG-14

[oracle@ENMOEDU dbs]$ ls                  #恢復的參數文件在$ORACLE_HOME/dbs  下
hc_ENMOEDU2.dat    lkDUMMY   orapwENMOEDU    spfileENMOEDU2.ora

RMAN> shutdown immediate                           #關僞實例

Oracle instance shut down

2.然後再起真正的實例，恢復控制文件（要注意，他原來就有,你這樣起，把B機的所有文件包括  數據文件 ，控制文件，參數文件，日誌文件都刪掉）

SQL> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 422670336 bytes

Fixed Size 1345380 bytes

Variable Size 260049052 bytes

Database Buffers 155189248 bytes

Redo Buffers 6086656 bytes

ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info

RMAN> restore controlfile from '/u01/app/oracle/ENMOEDU/backupset/2014_08_14/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20140814T203309_9ysc8x14_.bkp';

Starting restore at 15-AUG-14

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=18 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/control01.ctl

output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ENMOEDU/control02.ctl

Finished restore at 15-AUG-14

3.把數據庫開到mount狀態，以便修復數據文件。

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN> restore database;                    #恢復數據文件   發現報錯，很可能是備份已經過期已經，

Starting restore at 15-AUG-14

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK

creating datafile file number=1 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/system01.dbf

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of restore command at 08/15/2014 23:21:00

ORA-01180: can not create datafile 1

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ENMOEDU/system01.dbf'

RMAN> list backup；          #查看備份信息    發現確實過期

10 13.85M DISK 00:00:02 14-AUG-14

        BP Key: 14 Status: EXPIRED Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20140814T203306

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/arch_50pfv1g2_1_1.rmn

然後再去A機  再來一個整體備份  再傳給B機  不在贅述，再恢復控制文件，然後再恢復數據文件， 

再啓動到open即可。