SpringMVC學習之驗證——validator

springMVC可以通過多種驗證框架的集成：

例如Hibernate-validator來進行驗證，Hibernate-validator實現了JSR-303驗證框架支持註解風格的驗證。後面的例子使用了3個jar包：

hibernate-validator-4.3.1.Final.jar

jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar

validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar

下面是一個簡單的驗證例子，首先是springnvc配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
        				http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           				http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
        				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        				http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
        
    <!-- 掃描註解的驅動 -->
        <mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator" />
        <!-- 設置掃描包 -->
        <context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controllers" />
        <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean">
                <property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator"></property>
                <!-- 不配置則默認爲classPath下的ValidationMessages -->
                <property name="validationMessageSource" ref="validationMessageSource"></property>
        </bean>
        <bean id="validationMessageSource"
                  class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
                  <property name="basename" value="classpath:validatorMessages"/> <!-- 資源路徑 -->
                  <property name="fileEncodings" value="utf-8" />
                  <property name="cacheSeconds" value="1200" /> <!-- 緩存時間 -->
        </bean>

        <!-- 視圖解析器 -->
        <bean id="jspViewResolver"
                class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
                <!-- 前綴 -->
                <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
                <!-- 後綴 -->
                <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        </bean>
</beans>

然後是驗證資源：validatorMessages.properties文件：

input.user.age=\u5E74\u9F84\u4E0D\u80FD\u4E3A\u7A7A
input.user.ager=\u5E74\u9F84\u5FC5\u987B\u57281~99\u4E4B\u95F4

控制器的代碼：

package com.springmvc.controllers;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.validation.Valid;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.springmvc.pojo.User;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/validator/")
public class ValidatorController {
        
        @RequestMapping("index")
        public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
                System.out.println("**********ValidatorController——index***********");
                return new ModelAndView("validator");
        }
        
        //使用註解@Valid對參數user進行驗證
        @RequestMapping("validator")
        public String validator(@Valid @ModelAttribute("user") User user,BindingResult result) throws Exception {
                if(result.hasErrors()) {  //判斷是否有驗證錯誤
                        return "validator";		//返回表單提交頁面
                }
                return "simple";		//驗證均通過後，跳轉的頁面
        }

}

實體類User:

package com.springmvc.pojo;

import java.util.Date;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotEmpty;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Range;

public class User {
        @NotEmpty(message = "name is null !")
        private String name;
        
        @NotNull(message="{input.user.age}")  //validatorMessages中的input.user.age=年齡不能爲空
        @Range(min=1,max=99,message="{input.user.ager}")//年齡必須在1~99之間
        private Integer age;
        private Date birthday;

        public Date getBirthday() {
                return birthday;
        }

        public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
                this.birthday = birthday;
        }

        public String getName() {
                return name;
        }

        public void setName(String name) {
                this.name = name;
        }

        public Integer getAge() {
                return age;
        }

        public void setAge(Integer age) {
                this.age = age;
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
                return "User [name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
        }

}

在工程的歡迎頁面寫一個轉發：

<%response.sendRedirect("validator/index");%>

訪問控制器裏的index( )方法，跳轉到/WEB-INF/jsp/目錄下的validator.jsp的表單提交頁面：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
        <form:form action="validator" method="post" modelAttribute="user">
                <div>
                        name:<input name="name" /><form:errors path="name"></form:errors>
                </div>
                <div>
                        age:<input name="age" /><form:errors path="age"></form:errors>
                </div>
                <div>
                        birthday:<input name="birthday" />
                </div>
                <div><input type="submit" value="提交"></div>
        </form:form>
</body>
</html>

運行工程，到表單提交頁面，如下圖：

點擊提交：

當年齡超出限制：

點擊提交：