FastDFS—分布式文件存储
1. 什么是FastDFS
FastDFS是一个开源的轻量级分布式文件系统，它对文件进行管理，功能包括：文件存储、文件同步、文件访问（文件上传、文件下载）等，解决了大容量存储和负载均衡的问题。
2. FastDFS 的组成
- FastDFS 架构包括 Tracker server 和 Storage server。
客户端请求 Tracker server 进行文件上传、下载，通过Tracker server 调度最终由 Storage server 完成文件上传和下载。
-
Tracker server 作用是负载均衡和调度，通过 Tracker server 在文件上传时可以根据一些策略找到Storage server 提供文件上传服务。可以将 tracker 称为追踪服务器或调度服务器。
-
Storage server 作用是文件存储，客户端上传的文件最终存储在 Storage 服务器上，Storageserver 没有实现自己的文件系统而是利用操作系统的文件系统来管理文件。可以将storage称为存储服务器。
3. 搭建FastDFS文件存储微服务
- 引入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring‐boot‐starter‐web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>net.oschina.zcx7878</groupId>
<artifactId>fastdfs‐client‐java</artifactId>
<version>1.27.0.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
- 在resources文件夹下创建fasfDFS的配置文件fdfs_client.conf
connect_timeout = 60 # 连接超时时间，单位为秒。
network_timeout = 60 # 通信超时时间，单位为秒。
charset = UTF‐8 # 字符集
http.tracker_http_port = 8080 # tracker的http端口
tracker_server = 192.168.200.128:22122 # tracker服务器IP和端口设置
- 在resources文件夹下创建application.yml
spring:
servlet:
multipart:
max-file-size: 10MB
max-request-size: 10MB
application:
name: file
server:
port: 9008
- 创建启动类FileApplication
@SpringBootApplication
public class FileApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FileApplication.class);
}
}
- 准备一个封装文件的实体类
package com.xm.file.pojo;
/**
* @title: FileApplication
* @projectName: changgou-parent
* @description: TODO
* @author: Zack_Tzh
* @date: 2019/12/8 14:15
*/
public class FastDFSFile {
//文件名字
private String name;
//文件内容
private byte[] content;
//文件扩展名
private String ext;
//文件MD5摘要值
private String md5;
//文件创建作者
private String author;
public FastDFSFile(String name, byte[] content, String ext, String height,
String width, String author) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.content = content;
this.ext = ext;
this.author = author;
}
public FastDFSFile(String name, byte[] content, String ext) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.content = content;
this.ext = ext;
}
// set get 。。。
- FastDFS工具类：FastDFSClient类
package com.xm.file.util;
import com.xm.file.pojo.FastDFSFile;
import org.csource.common.NameValuePair;
import org.csource.fastdfs.*;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* @title: FileApplication
* @projectName: changgou-parent
* @description: TODO
* @author: Zack_Tzh
* @date: 2019/12/8 15:15
*/
public class FastDFSClient {
private static org.slf4j.Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FastDFSClient.class);
/***
* 初始化加载FastDFS的TrackerServer配置
*/
static {
try {
String filePath = new ClassPathResource("fdfs_client.conf").getFile().getAbsolutePath();
ClientGlobal.init(filePath);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("FastDFS Client Init Fail!",e);
}
}
/***
* 文件上传
* @param file
* @return
*/
public static String[] upload(FastDFSFile file) {
//获取文件的作者
NameValuePair[] meta_list = new NameValuePair[1];
meta_list[0] = new NameValuePair("author", file.getAuthor());
//接收返回数据
String[] uploadResults = null;
StorageClient storageClient=null;
try {
//创建StorageClient客户端对象
storageClient = getTrackerClient();
/***
* 文件上传
* 1)文件字节数组
* 2)文件扩展名
* 3)文件作者
*/
uploadResults = storageClient.upload_file(file.getContent(), file.getExt(), meta_list);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Exception when uploadind the file:" + file.getName(), e);
}
if (uploadResults == null && storageClient!=null) {
logger.error("upload file fail, error code:" + storageClient.getErrorCode());
}
//获取组名
String groupName = uploadResults[0];
//获取文件存储路径
String remoteFileName = uploadResults[1];
return uploadResults;
}
/***
* 获取文件信息
* @param groupName:组名
* @param remoteFileName：文件存储完整名
* @return
*/
public static FileInfo getFile(String groupName, String remoteFileName) {
try {
StorageClient storageClient = getTrackerClient();
return storageClient.get_file_info(groupName, remoteFileName);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Exception: Get File from Fast DFS failed", e);
}
return null;
}
/***
* 文件下载
* @param groupName
* @param remoteFileName
* @return
*/
public static InputStream downFile(String groupName, String remoteFileName) {
try {
//创建StorageClient
StorageClient storageClient = getTrackerClient();
//下载文件
byte[] fileByte = storageClient.download_file(groupName, remoteFileName);
InputStream ins = new ByteArrayInputStream(fileByte);
return ins;
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Exception: Get File from Fast DFS failed", e);
}
return null;
}
/***
* 文件删除
* @param groupName
* @param remoteFileName
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void deleteFile(String groupName, String remoteFileName) throws Exception {
//创建StorageClient
StorageClient storageClient = getTrackerClient();
//删除文件
int i = storageClient.delete_file(groupName, remoteFileName);
}
/***
* 获取Storage组
* @param groupName
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static StorageServer[] getStoreStorages(String groupName) throws IOException {
//创建TrackerClient
TrackerClient trackerClient = new TrackerClient();
//获取TrackerServer
TrackerServer trackerServer = trackerClient.getConnection();
//获取Storage组
return trackerClient.getStoreStorages(trackerServer, groupName);
}
/***
* 获取Storage信息,IP和端口
* @param groupName
* @param remoteFileName
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static ServerInfo[] getFetchStorages(String groupName, String remoteFileName) throws IOException {
TrackerClient trackerClient = new TrackerClient();
TrackerServer trackerServer = trackerClient.getConnection();
return trackerClient.getFetchStorages(trackerServer, groupName, remoteFileName);
}
/***
* 获取Tracker服务地址
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
public static String getTrackerUrl() throws IOException {
return "http://"+getTrackerServer().getInetSocketAddress().getHostString()+":"+ClientGlobal.getG_tracker_http_port()+"/";
}
/***
* 获取Storage客户端
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static StorageClient getTrackerClient() throws IOException {
TrackerServer trackerServer = getTrackerServer();
StorageClient storageClient = new StorageClient(trackerServer, null);
return storageClient;
}
/***
* 获取Tracker
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static TrackerServer getTrackerServer() throws IOException {
TrackerClient trackerClient = new TrackerClient();
TrackerServer trackerServer = trackerClient.getConnection();
return trackerServer;
}
}
- 创建Controller接收文件并上传到FastDFS上
package com.xm.file.controller;
import com.xm.file.pojo.FastDFSFile;
import com.xm.file.util.FastDFSClient;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.IOException;
/**
* @title: FileController
* @projectName: changgou-parent
* @description: TODO
* @author: Zack_Tzh
* @date: 2019/12/8 18:45
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/xm/v1/file")
public class FileController {
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String upload(MultipartFile file) {
try {
//获取原始文件名
String originalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename();
//获取文件后缀
String ext = originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
//文件数据
byte[] data = file.getBytes();
//创建文件上传的封装实体类
FastDFSFile fastDFSFile = new FastDFSFile(originalFilename, data, ext);
//用FastDFSClient工具类上传文件
String[] uploadResults = FastDFSClient.upload(fastDFSFile);
//拼接文件访问地址
String url = FastDFSClient.getTrackerUrl() + uploadResults[0] +"/"+ uploadResults[1];
System.out.println(url);
return url;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "文件上传失败";
}
}
}