Aspose.Words for Net之在Word中创建表格

Aspose.Words是一款优秀的工具，能在不依赖Microsoft.Office环境的条件下实现对Word文档的处理和生成。通过Aspose.Words提供的相关API，能在Word中根据需要创建各种各样的表格。

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表格的展现形式往往是由所要展现的数据结构形式所展现的，不同的数据结构就需要不同的表格来呈现，所以首先要清楚自己有什么样的数据结构或什么样的展现形式，这样就能理清思路通过Aspose.Words提供的一系列API进行自由创作了。

1.创建普通表格

1.1表格效果

1.2数据结构

典型的列表结构

   public class GoodsModel
   {
       /// <summary>
       /// 货品名称
       /// </summary>
       public string GoodsName { get; set; }
       /// <summary>
       /// 货品类型
       /// </summary>
       public string GoodsType { get; set; }
       /// <summary>
       /// 存放位置
       /// </summary>
       public string Location { get; set; }
       /// <summary>
       /// 货品数量
       /// </summary>
       public int GoodsNum { get; set; }
   }

1.3实现代码

  public static void BuildFile(string savePath)
  {
      Document doc = new Document();//文档实例
      DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);//文档构造器

      List<GoodsModel> list = MakeListData();//生成测试数据
      CreateSimpleTable(doc, builder, list);//创建表格

      doc.Save(savePath);
  }

  private static void CreateSimpleTable(Document doc,DocumentBuilder builder,List<GoodsModel> list)
  {
      Table table = builder.StartTable();

      #region 表头
      string[] titles = new string[] { "序号", "货品名称", "货品类型", "存放位置", "数量" };
      int[] lens = new int[] { 10, 25, 25, 25, 15 };
      for (int i=0;i<5;i++)
      {
          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[i]);//列宽-百分比
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.LightGray;//背景色-灰色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write(titles[i]);//写入内容

      }
      builder.EndRow();//结束行
      #endregion

      #region 内容
      for (int i=0;i<list.Count;i++)
      {
          GoodsModel model = list[i];

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[0]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write((i + 1).ToString());//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[1]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;//对齐-靠左
          builder.Write(model.GoodsName);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[2]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write(model.GoodsType);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[3]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;//对齐-靠右
          builder.Write(model.Location);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[4]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write((model.GoodsNum).ToString());//写入内容

          builder.EndRow();//结束行
      }
      #endregion

      builder.EndTable();//结束表格
  }
  private static List<GoodsModel> MakeListData()
  {
      List<GoodsModel> list = new List<GoodsModel>();
      GoodsModel model1 = new GoodsModel { GoodsName = "矿泉水", GoodsType = "酒水饮料", Location = "1号库", GoodsNum = 100 };
      GoodsModel model2 = new GoodsModel { GoodsName = "纯净水", GoodsType = "酒水饮料", Location = "1号库", GoodsNum = 400 };
      GoodsModel model3 = new GoodsModel { GoodsName = "苏打水", GoodsType = "酒水饮料", Location = "1号库", GoodsNum = 200 };
      GoodsModel model4 = new GoodsModel { GoodsName = "啤酒", GoodsType = "酒水饮料", Location = "1号库", GoodsNum = 100 };
      list.Add(model1);
      list.Add(model2);
      list.Add(model3);
      list.Add(model4);
      return list;
  }

注意：Aspose.Words提供了DataTable直接生成表格的方法。

2.创建多级表格

2.1表格效果

2.2数据结构

类似树状的多级嵌套结构。

    public class Classify
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 分类名称
        /// </summary>
        public string ClassifyName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 分类级别
        /// </summary>
        public int ClassfyLevel { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 分类编码
        /// </summary>
        public string ClassifyCode { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 父级分类
        /// </summary>
        public Classify Parent { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 子级分类
        /// </summary>
        public List<Classify> Children { get; set; }
    }

2.3实现代码

public static void BuildFile(string savePath)
 {
     Document doc = new Document();//文档实例
     DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);//文档构造器

     List<Classify> tree = MakeTreeData();//生成测试数据
     CreateTreeTable(doc, builder, tree);/创建表格

     doc.Save(savePath);//保存文档
 }
 private static void CreateTreeTable(Document doc,DocumentBuilder builder,List<Classify> tree)
 {
     Table table = builder.StartTable();

     #region 表头
     string[] titles = new string[] { "序号", "大类名称", "大类编码", "小类名称", "小类编码", "细类名称", "细类编码" };
     int[] lens = new int[] { 4, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16 };
     for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++)
     {
         builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
         builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[i]);//列宽-百分比
         builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.LightGray;//背景色-灰色
         builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
         builder.Write(titles[i]);//写入内容

     }
     builder.EndRow();//结束行
     #endregion
     int index = 1;//序号

     for (int i=0;i<tree.Count; i++)//大类
     {
         Classify node1 = tree[i];
         int num1 = 0;

         for (int j=0;j<node1.Children.Count;j++)//小类
         {
             Classify node2 = node1.Children[j];
             int num2 = 0;

             for (int k=0;k<node2.Children.Count;k++)//细类
             {
                 Classify node3 = node2.Children[k];

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[0]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 builder.Write(index.ToString());//写入内容

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[1]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 if (num1 == 0)
                 {
                     builder.Write(node1.ClassifyName);//写入内容
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.First;
                 }
                 else//合并单元格
                 {
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
                 }

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[2]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 if (num1 == 0)
                 {
                     builder.Write(node1.ClassifyCode);//写入内容
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.First;
                 }
                 else//合并单元格
                 {
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
                 }


                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[3]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 if (num2 == 0)
                 {
                     builder.Write(node2.ClassifyName);//写入内容
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.First;
                 }
                 else//合并单元格
                 {
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
                 }

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[4]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 if (num2 == 0)
                 {
                     builder.Write(node2.ClassifyCode);//写入内容
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.First;
                 }
                 else//合并单元格
                 {
                     builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
                 }

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[5]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.None;
                 builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.None;
                 builder.Write(node3.ClassifyName);//写入内容

                 builder.InsertCell();
                 builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[6]);//列宽
                 builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色
                 builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐
                 builder.CellFormat.VerticalMerge = CellMerge.None;
                 builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.None;
                 builder.Write(node3.ClassifyCode);//写入内容

                 builder.EndRow();

                 index++;
                 num1++;
                 num2++;
             }
         }
     }

     #region 内容

     #endregion

     builder.EndTable();
 }
 

 private static List<Classify> MakeTreeData()
 {
     List<Classify> tree = new List<Classify>();
     Classify node_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "酒水饮料", ClassifyCode = "01", ClassfyLevel = 1 };
     Classify node_1_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "白酒", ClassifyCode = "0101", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_1_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "红酒", ClassifyCode = "0102", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_1_3 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "啤酒", ClassifyCode = "0103", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_1_1_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "茅台", ClassifyCode = "010101", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_1_1_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "五粮液", ClassifyCode = "010102", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_1_2_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "法国", ClassifyCode = "010201", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_1_2_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "澳大利亚", ClassifyCode = "010202", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_1_3_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "黑啤", ClassifyCode = "010301", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_1_3_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "黄啤", ClassifyCode = "010302", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     node_1_1.Children = new List<Classify> { node_1_1_1, node_1_1_2 };
     node_1_2.Children = new List<Classify> { node_1_2_1, node_1_2_2 };
     node_1_3.Children = new List<Classify> { node_1_3_1, node_1_3_2 };
     node_1.Children = new List<Classify> { node_1_1, node_1_2, node_1_3 };
     tree.Add(node_1);

     Classify node_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "食品生鲜", ClassifyCode = "02", ClassfyLevel = 1 };
     Classify node_2_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "新鲜水果", ClassifyCode = "0201", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_2_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "蔬菜蛋品", ClassifyCode = "0202", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_2_3 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "海鲜水产", ClassifyCode = "0203", ClassfyLevel = 2 };
     Classify node_2_1_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "苹果", ClassifyCode = "020101", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_2_1_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "菠萝", ClassifyCode = "020102", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_2_2_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "西红柿", ClassifyCode = "020201", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_2_2_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "包菜", ClassifyCode = "020202", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_2_3_1 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "虾", ClassifyCode = "020301", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     Classify node_2_3_2 = new Classify { ClassifyName = "蟹", ClassifyCode = "020302", ClassfyLevel = 3 };
     node_2_1.Children = new List<Classify> { node_2_1_1, node_2_1_2 };
     node_2_2.Children = new List<Classify> { node_2_2_1, node_2_2_2 };
     node_2_3.Children = new List<Classify> { node_2_3_1, node_2_3_2 };
     node_2.Children = new List<Classify> { node_2_1, node_2_2, node_2_3 };
     tree.Add(node_2);
     return tree;
 } 

3.创建复杂表格

3.1表格效果

3.2数据结构

包含父子关系的单一嵌套结构

    public class DbTable
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 表名
        /// </summary>
        public string TableName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string EnglishName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 描述
        /// </summary>
        public string TableDescribe { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 列
        /// </summary>
        public List<DbColumn> Columns { get; set; }
    }

    public class DbColumn
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 列名
        /// </summary>
        public string ColumnName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 英文名
        /// </summary>
        public string EnglishName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 数据类型
        /// </summary>
        public string ColumnType { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 长度
        /// </summary>
        public int ColumnLength { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 描述
        /// </summary>
        public string ColumnDescribe { get; set; }
    }

3.3实现代码

  public static void BuildFile(string savePath)
  {
      Document doc = new Document();//文档示例
      DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);//文档构造器
      
      DbTable custom = MakeCustomData();//生成测试数据
      CreateCustomTable(doc, builder, custom);//创建表格

      doc.Save(savePath);//保存文档
  }
  private static void CreateCustomTable(Document doc,DocumentBuilder builder,DbTable custom)
  {
      Table table = builder.StartTable();

      #region 数据表信息
      string[] titles = new string[] { "表名称", "英文名称", "描述" };
      string[] values = new string[] { custom.TableName, custom.EnglishName, custom.TableDescribe };
      int[] lens = new int[] { 6, 25, 25, 12, 14, 18 };
      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
      {
          for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++)
          {
              builder.InsertCell();
              builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[j]);
              builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.LightGray;
              builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;
              if (j == 0)
              {
                  builder.Write(titles[i]);
                  builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.First;
              }
              else if (j >0&&j<3)
              {
                  builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
              }
              else if (j == 3)
              {
                  builder.Write(values[i]);
                  builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.First;
              }
              else
              {
                  builder.CellFormat.HorizontalMerge = CellMerge.Previous;
              }
          }
          builder.EndRow();
      }
      #endregion

      #region 数据列表头
      string[] colTiltes = new string[] { "序号", "列名", "英文名", "数据类型", "长度", "描述" };
      for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
      {
          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[i]);//列宽-百分比
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.Gray;//背景色-灰色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write(colTiltes[i]);//写入内容

      }
      builder.EndRow();//结束行
      #endregion

      #region 数据列内容
      for (int i = 0; i < custom.Columns.Count; i++)
      {
          DbColumn model = custom.Columns[i];

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[0]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write((i + 1).ToString());//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[1]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Left;//对齐-靠左
          builder.Write(model.ColumnName);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[2]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write(model.EnglishName);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[3]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Right;//对齐-靠右
          builder.Write(model.ColumnType);//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[4]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write((model.ColumnLength).ToString());//写入内容

          builder.InsertCell();//插入单元格
          builder.CellFormat.PreferredWidth = PreferredWidth.FromPercent(lens[4]);//列宽
          builder.CellFormat.Shading.BackgroundPatternColor = Color.White;//背景色-白色
          builder.ParagraphFormat.Alignment = ParagraphAlignment.Center;//对齐-居中
          builder.Write(model.ColumnDescribe);//写入内容

          builder.EndRow();//结束行
      }

      #endregion

      builder.EndTable();
  }
  private static DbTable MakeCustomData()
  {
      DbTable table = new DbTable { TableName = "货品信息表", EnglishName = "GoodsInfo", TableDescribe = "描述货品基本信息" };
      DbColumn column1 = new DbColumn { ColumnName = "货品名称", EnglishName = "GoodsName", ColumnType = "文本", ColumnLength = 50, ColumnDescribe = "" };
      DbColumn column2 = new DbColumn { ColumnName = "货品类型", EnglishName = "GoodsType", ColumnType = "文本", ColumnLength = 50, ColumnDescribe = "货品分类名称" };
      DbColumn column3 = new DbColumn { ColumnName = "存放位置", EnglishName = "Location", ColumnType = "文本", ColumnLength = 50, ColumnDescribe = "" };
      DbColumn column4 = new DbColumn { ColumnName = "货品数量", EnglishName = "GoodsNum", ColumnType = "整型", ColumnLength = 10, ColumnDescribe = "" };
      table.Columns = new List<DbColumn> { column1, column2, column3, column4 };
      return table;
  }

4.根据标签插入多个表格

一个Word文档中往往并不只包含一个表格，当有多个表格时，可以利用书签将表格分别插入到指定位置。

4.1文档效果

4.2制作模板并插入标签

在Word中新建文件，选择“插入>书签”，在需要插入表格的位置添加书签并保存。Aspose.Word可以根据标签名称或序号进行查找。

4.3代码实现

利用上面几种生成表格的方法将表格插入到不同的书签处，之后移除书签。

 public static void BuildFile(string savePath,string templatePath= "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\Template.docx")
 {
     Document doc = new Document(templatePath);//文档示例
     DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);//文档构造器

     Bookmark bookmark1 = doc.Range.Bookmarks["CustomTable"];
     if (bookmark1 != null)
     {
         builder.MoveToBookmark("CustomTable");//移动至书签
         DbTable custom = MakeCustomData();//生成测试数据
         CreateCustomTable(doc, builder, custom);//创建表格
         bookmark1.Remove();//移除书签
     }

     Bookmark bookmark2 = doc.Range.Bookmarks["TreeTable"];
     if (bookmark2 != null)
     {
         builder.MoveToBookmark("TreeTable");//移动至书签
         List<Classify> tree = MakeTreeData();//生成测试数据
         CreateTreeTable(doc, builder, tree);//创建表格
         bookmark2.Remove();//移除书签
     }

     Bookmark bookmark3 = doc.Range.Bookmarks["ListTable"];
     if (bookmark3 != null)
     {
         builder.MoveToBookmark("ListTable");//移动至书签
         List<GoodsModel> list = MakeListData();//生成测试数据
         CreateSimpleTable(doc, builder, list);//创建表格
         bookmark3.Remove();//移除书签
     }


     doc.Save(savePath);//保存文档
 }

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