學習Spring Security隨筆

引言

剛學習完Spring Security(鏈式編程)，我是和Springboot整合的，發現並沒有像他們說的那麼煩瑣，只用配置一個類然後注入Aop容器橫切進去，可以說它根攔截器有點像但是卻沒有那麼煩瑣
不用改其它代碼就可以實現它的功能，SSM和Spring Security整合會比較煩瑣，推薦整合Springboot+Spring Security，至於SSM和Shiro整合起來會比較好一些

Spring Security的功能

認證（Authentication）
這個認證指的是對提交的數據進行驗證，最經常的用處就是登錄，驗證用戶是否存在，密碼校驗
授權 (authorize)
指的是對用戶的權限分配，常見的就是遊客，管理員，用戶三種權限，遊客只能看不能點，用戶只能點一些，管理員所有可以

導入Security依賴

<!--SpringSecurity+thymeleaf-->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
     <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity5</artifactId>
     <version>3.0.4.RELEASE</version>
 </dependency>
 <!--    security    -->
 <dependency>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
 </dependency>

我的首頁

主要就是做一個可以區分權限做攔截的一個頁面，大家可以自行設計

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
    <title>首頁</title>
    <!--semantic-ui-->
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/semantic-ui/2.4.1/semantic.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
    <link th:href="@{/qinjiang/css/qinstyle.css}" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div class="ui segment" id="index-header-nav" th:fragment="nav-menu">
        <div class="ui secondary menu">
            <a class="item"  th:href="@{/index}">首頁</a>
            <!--登錄註銷-->
            <div class="right menu">

                <!--未登錄-->
                <div sec:authorize="!isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/toLogin}">
                        <i class="address card icon"></i> 登錄
                    </a>
                </div>

                <!--已登錄   顯示用戶名和註銷-->
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item">
                        用戶名:<span sec:authentication="name"></span>
                       角色:<span sec:authentication="principal.authorities"></span>
                    </a>
                </div>
                <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">
                    <a class="item" th:href="@{/logout}">
                        <i class="sign- out icon"></i> 註銷
                    </a>
                </div>
                <!--已登錄
                <a th:href="@{/usr/toUserCenter}">
                    <i class="address card icon"></i> admin
                </a>
                -->
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
        <h3>Spring Security Study by 李川</h3>
    </div>

    <div>
        <br>
        <div class="ui three column stackable grid">
<!--            菜單根據用戶權限動態實現-->
            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 1</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level1/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-1-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip2')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 2</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level2/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-2-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip3')">
                <div class="ui raised segment">
                    <div class="ui">
                        <div class="content">
                            <h5 class="content">Level 3</h5>
                            <hr>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/1}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-1</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/2}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-2</a></div>
                            <div><a th:href="@{/level3/3}"><i class="bullhorn icon"></i> Level-3-3</a></div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>
    </div>
    
</div>

<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/jquery-3.1.1.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/qinjiang/js/semantic.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

授權

然後加入了Sevurity之後

//首頁所有人可以訪問，功能頁只有對應有權限的人才能訪問
//請求授權的規則
http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                        .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                        .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                        .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

還未登錄就訪問
登錄admin之後，發現權限爲vip2和vip3

            !--       菜單根據用戶權限動態實現-->
            <div class="column" sec:authorize="hasRole('vip1')">
            <!--已登錄   顯示用戶名和註銷-->
           <div sec:authorize="isAuthenticated()">

-------------------功能介紹了接下來就是代碼-----------------------------

目錄結構

SecurityConfig.java

import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
//AOP切面編程，加個config就可以實現功能,不用改變代碼
//WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter 自定義Security策略
//EnableWebSecurity   開啓WebSecurity模式，@Enablexxxxx開啓某個功能
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    //鏈式編程
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        //首頁所有人可以訪問，功能頁只有對應有權限的人才能訪問
        //請求授權的規則
        http.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/").permitAll()
                                .antMatchers("/level1/**").hasRole("vip1")
                                .antMatchers("/level2/**").hasRole("vip2")
                                .antMatchers("/level3/**").hasRole("vip3");

        //沒有權限默認會到登錄頁,需要開啓登錄頁面,定製登錄頁
        //可以直接把表單的提交地址改爲Controller裏面去主頁的路徑
        //loginProcessingUrl對應表單請求的路徑，但是要求默認傳值的name爲username，password
        //可以利用.usernameParameter("user").passwordParameter("pwd")改默認的參數name值
        http.formLogin().loginPage("/toLogin").loginProcessingUrl("/login");

        //開啓註銷功能
        //logoutUrl 你要去哪裏註銷
        http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");

//        //防止網站工具,post ,登陸失敗可能的原因，但是我沒降級用的 Springsecurity5 沒問題
//        http.csrf().disable();
//        http.logout().logoutSuccessUrl("/");

        //開啓記住我的功能 cookie默認2周，自定義接收前端記住我的參數
        http.rememberMe().rememberMeParameter("remember");
    }
    //認證，springboot.2.1.x,可以使用
    //密碼編碼:passwordEncoder
    //在Spring Security 5.0+ 新增了加密方法
    //AuthenticationManagerBuilder  自定義認證策略
    //BCryptPasswordEncoder 加密密碼，他是Simple那個加密類的子類
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        //這些數據正常應該從數據庫裏讀
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication().passwordEncoder(new BCryptPasswordEncoder())
                .withUser("admin").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123"))
                .roles("vip2","vip3").and().withUser("root").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123"))
                .roles("vip1","vip2","vip3").and()
                .withUser("youke").password(new BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode("123")).roles("vip1")
        ;
    }
}

從數據庫裏面讀的代碼

RouterController.java

@Controller
public class RouterController {

@RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
public String index(){
    return "index";
}

@RequestMapping("/toLogin")
public String login(){
    return "views/login";
}

@RequestMapping("/level1/{id}")
public String level1(@PathVariable("id") int id){
    return "views/level1/"+id;
}

@RequestMapping("/level2/{id}")
public String level2(@PathVariable("id") int id){
    return "views/level2/"+id;
}
@RequestMapping("/level3/{id}")
public String level3(@PathVariable("id") int id){
    return "views/level3/"+id;
}
}

login.html

<!--主容器-->
<div class="ui container">

    <div class="ui segment">

        <div style="text-align: center">
            <h1 class="header">登錄</h1>
        </div>

        <div class="ui placeholder segment">
            <div class="ui column very relaxed stackable grid">
                <div class="column">
                    <div class="ui form">
                        <form th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
                            <div class="field">
                                <label>Username</label>
                                <div class="ui left icon input">
                                    <input type="text" placeholder="Username" name="username">
                                    <i class="user icon"></i>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="field">
                                <label>Password</label>
                                <div class="ui left icon input">
                                    <input type="password" name="password">
                                    <i class="lock icon"></i>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            <div class="field">
                                <input type="checkbox"  name="remember"/> 記住我
                            </div>
                            <input type="submit" class="ui blue submit button"/>
                        </form>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

        <div style="text-align: center">
            <div class="ui label">
                </i>註冊
            </div>
            <br><br>
            <small>blog.kuangstudy.com</small>
        </div>
        <div class="ui segment" style="text-align: center">
            <h3>Spring Security Study by 李川</h3>
        </div>
    </div>


</div>

學習Spring Security隨筆

引言

Spring Security的功能

導入Security依賴

我的首頁

授權

目錄結構

SecurityConfig.java

RouterController.java

login.html

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