記錄一下成果主要是 domoticz 接收我們自己定義的傳感器的數據。我準備用 Stm32 進行數據採集然後讓 ESP8266 發送出去

MQTT的一些認識

在學習這部分的時候我主要參考了這篇文章 http://www.1zlab.com/wiki/micropython-esp32/mqtt/

以下的部分圖片來自這篇文章的截圖感謝作者的分享

這是 MQTT的模型對於我們的智能家居的系統而言服務端自然就是安裝了 domoticz的樹莓派或者類似的平臺

剩下的傳感器的角色就是發佈者（publisher）而我們的智能受控設備就是訂閱者。

在domoticz的 MQTT 服務器上面有一些的topic 你可以理解成是報紙有財經報紙時政報紙還有娛樂報紙

然後不同的受控設備就去訂閱不同的 topic 根據topic 裏面的提及自己的指令去執行指定的動作（開燈）

publisher的角色類似於作者，他們把讀者（ MQTT 服務器 domoticz）感興趣的信息以json 的數據包上傳到MQTT的端口下的指定的 topic 。

這裏面每一個輸出的 topic 裏面的消息是羣發的，只要你訂閱了這個topic 就可以在有新的數據到來的時候收到信息（不管這條信息是不是給你的），然後設備根據消息來判斷這個信息是不是自己的。

當我們設備少的時候我們只需要設置一個輸出 topic (domoticz/out) 所有受控的智能設備都會受到信息。當我們的設備多的時候肯定不能這樣幹我們就在設置一些其他的topic ，以此來減那些硬件的負擔。

我們的傳感器（上傳數據的）會將自己收集到的信息上傳到指定的topic 然後我們的domoticz 會去分析這些數據，分類顯示或者是留着做觸發等等

microPython程序的實現 main.py

import json
import simple
import time
import network
import os

sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
ap = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
ap.active(0)
sta_if.active(True)
sta_if.connect('Jeason_test', '1a2b3c4d')
sta_if.isconnected()
print(sta_if.ifconfig())


data =  {
 "idx" : 13,
 "nvalue" : 15,
 "svalue" : str(12.3)#"19.0"

} 
json_data = json.dumps(data)

print(json_data)

time.sleep_ms(1000)

from machine import Pin
p2 = Pin(2, Pin.OUT)
def ctrl_cb(topic, msg):
  data_dict = json.loads(msg)
  if data_dict['idx'] == 1:
    print("it's me")
    print('state: ' + str(data_dict['nvalue']))
    p2.value(bool(1- data_dict['nvalue'] ))    
  #print(data_dict)

c = simple.MQTTClient('esp8266', '192.168.8.4', 1883)
c.set_callback(ctrl_cb)
c.connect()
#c.subscribe('domoticz/out')
while True:
     # c.check_msg()
      c.publish('domoticz/in',json_data,1)
      p2.value(0)
      time.sleep_ms(100)
      p2.value(1)
      time.sleep_ms(100)

import usocket as socket
import ustruct as struct
#from ubinascii import hexlify

class MQTTException(Exception):
    pass

class MQTTClient:

  def __init__(self, client_id, server, port=0, user=None, password=None, keepalive=0,ssl=False, ssl_params={}):
    if port == 0:
      port = 8883 if ssl else 1883
    self.client_id = client_id
    self.sock = None
    self.addr = socket.getaddrinfo(server, port)[0][-1]
    self.ssl = ssl
    self.ssl_params = ssl_params
    self.pid = 0
    self.cb = None
    self.user = user
    self.pswd = password
    self.keepalive = keepalive
    self.lw_topic = None
    self.lw_msg = None
    self.lw_qos = 0
    self.lw_retain = False

  def _send_str(self, s):
    self.sock.write(struct.pack("!H", len(s)))
    self.sock.write(s)

  def _recv_len(self):
    n = 0
    sh = 0
    while 1:
      b = self.sock.read(1)[0]
      n |= (b & 0x7f) << sh
      if not b & 0x80:
        return n
      sh += 7

  def set_callback(self, f):
    self.cb = f

  def set_last_will(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
    assert 0 <= qos <= 2
    assert topic
    self.lw_topic = topic
    self.lw_msg = msg
    self.lw_qos = qos
    self.lw_retain = retain

  def connect(self, clean_session=True):
    self.sock = socket.socket()
    self.sock.connect(self.addr)
    if self.ssl:
      import ussl
      self.sock = ussl.wrap_socket(self.sock, **self.ssl_params)
    msg = bytearray(b"\x10\0\0\x04MQTT\x04\x02\0\0")
    msg[1] = 10 + 2 + len(self.client_id)
    msg[9] = clean_session << 1
    if self.user is not None:
      msg[1] += 2 + len(self.user) + 2 + len(self.pswd)
      msg[9] |= 0xC0
    if self.keepalive:
      assert self.keepalive < 65536
      msg[10] |= self.keepalive >> 8
      msg[11] |= self.keepalive & 0x00FF
    if self.lw_topic:
      msg[1] += 2 + len(self.lw_topic) + 2 + len(self.lw_msg)
      msg[9] |= 0x4 | (self.lw_qos & 0x1) << 3 | (self.lw_qos & 0x2) << 3
      msg[9] |= self.lw_retain << 5
    self.sock.write(msg)
    #print(hex(len(msg)), hexlify(msg, ":"))
    self._send_str(self.client_id)
    if self.lw_topic:
      self._send_str(self.lw_topic)
      self._send_str(self.lw_msg)
    if self.user is not None:
      self._send_str(self.user)
      self._send_str(self.pswd)
    resp = self.sock.read(4)
    assert resp[0] == 0x20 and resp[1] == 0x02
    if resp[3] != 0:
      raise MQTTException(resp[3])
    return resp[2] & 1

  def disconnect(self):
    self.sock.write(b"\xe0\0")
    self.sock.close()

  def ping(self):
    self.sock.write(b"\xc0\0")

  def publish(self, topic, msg, retain=False, qos=0):
    pkt = bytearray(b"\x30\0\0\0")
    pkt[0] |= qos << 1 | retain
    sz = 2 + len(topic) + len(msg)
    if qos > 0:
      sz += 2
    assert sz < 2097152
    i = 1
    while sz > 0x7f:
      pkt[i] = (sz & 0x7f) | 0x80
      sz >>= 7
      i += 1
    pkt[i] = sz
    #print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
    self.sock.write(pkt, i + 1)
    self._send_str(topic)
    if qos > 0:
      self.pid += 1
      pid = self.pid
      struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 0, pid)
      self.sock.write(pkt, 2)
    self.sock.write(msg)
    if qos == 1:
      while 1:
        op = self.wait_msg()
        if op == 0x40:
          sz = self.sock.read(1)
          assert sz == b"\x02"
          rcv_pid = self.sock.read(2)
          rcv_pid = rcv_pid[0] << 8 | rcv_pid[1]
          if pid == rcv_pid:
            return
    elif qos == 2:
      assert 0

  def subscribe(self, topic, qos=0):
    assert self.cb is not None, "Subscribe callback is not set"
    pkt = bytearray(b"\x82\0\0\0")
    self.pid += 1
    struct.pack_into("!BH", pkt, 1, 2 + 2 + len(topic) + 1, self.pid)
    #print(hex(len(pkt)), hexlify(pkt, ":"))
    self.sock.write(pkt)
    self._send_str(topic)
    self.sock.write(qos.to_bytes(1, "little"))
    while 1:
      op = self.wait_msg()
      if op == 0x90:
        resp = self.sock.read(4)
        #print(resp)
        assert resp[1] == pkt[2] and resp[2] == pkt[3]
        if resp[3] == 0x80:
          raise MQTTException(resp[3])
        return

  # Wait for a single incoming MQTT message and process it.
  # Subscribed messages are delivered to a callback previously
  # set by .set_callback() method. Other (internal) MQTT
  # messages processed internally.
  def wait_msg(self):
    res = self.sock.read(1)
    self.sock.setblocking(True)
    if res is None:
      return None
    if res == b"":
      raise OSError(-1)
    if res == b"\xd0":  # PINGRESP
      sz = self.sock.read(1)[0]
      assert sz == 0
      return None
    op = res[0]
    if op & 0xf0 != 0x30:
      return op
    sz = self._recv_len()
    topic_len = self.sock.read(2)
    topic_len = (topic_len[0] << 8) | topic_len[1]
    topic = self.sock.read(topic_len)
    sz -= topic_len + 2
    if op & 6:
      pid = self.sock.read(2)
      pid = pid[0] << 8 | pid[1]
      sz -= 2
    msg = self.sock.read(sz)
    self.cb(topic, msg)
    if op & 6 == 2:
      pkt = bytearray(b"\x40\x02\0\0")
      struct.pack_into("!H", pkt, 2, pid)
      self.sock.write(pkt)
    elif op & 6 == 4:
      assert 0

  # Checks whether a pending message from server is available.
  # If not, returns immediately with None. Otherwise, does
  # the same processing as wait_msg.
  def check_msg(self):
    self.sock.setblocking(False)
    return self.wait_msg()

分析一下代碼。我們的代碼總共倆文件第一個是main.py 另一個是 simple.py 第二個simple 主要是 mqtt 相關的函數不是我寫的我也不明白。main.py 中其實就是實現了一個定時發送數據的功能。