線性表的順序存儲結構

線性表

線性表是0個或多個類型相同的數據元素的集合,這些元素是有限的順序存儲的。

一個線性表有哪些具體的操作,在程序中的表現爲一組函數

  1. 創建線性表
  2. 銷燬線性表
  3. 清空線性表
  4. 將元素插入線性表
  5. 將元素從線性表中刪除
  6. 獲取線性表中某個位置的元素
  7. 獲取線性表的長度

線性表的順序存儲

一段地址連續的存儲單元依次存儲線性表的數據元素

插入數據:

在某個位置插入一個節點,我們需要檢索從插入位置起到尾部元素,從尾部元素開始依次向後移一個位置。

刪除數據:

刪除某個位置上的節點,如果需要返回這個節點,我們需要提前緩存先來,之後從這個節點的後一個節點開始依次向前移動一個位置。

順序存儲的優缺點:

優點:

無需爲線性表中的邏輯關係增加額外的空間

可以快速的獲取線性表中合法位置的元素

缺點:

需要提前確定線性表的容量

插入和刪除操作需要移動大量元素

//SeqList.h
#pragma once
typedef void SeqList;
typedef void SeqListNode;

//根據自定義容量創建並返回一個空的線性表
SeqList *SeqList_Creat(int capacity);
//銷燬一個線性表
void SeqList_Destroy(SeqList *list);
//將線性表中的元素清空,恢復到初始化狀態
void SeqList_Clear(SeqList *list);
//返回線性表中的元素個數
int SeqList_GetLength(SeqList *list);
//返回線性表中的容量
int SeqList_GetCapacity(SeqList *list);
//往線性表中的pos位置處插入一個行的元素(節點)
int SeqList_inster(SeqList *list, SeqListNode *node, int pos);
//獲取線性表中pos位置處的元素(節點),並返回
SeqListNode *SeqList_Get(SeqList *list, int pos);
//根據pos位置刪除線性表中的元素(節點)
SeqListNode *SeqList_Delete(SeqList *list, int pos);

 

//SeqList.c
#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "SeqList.h"

typedef struct  tag_SeqList
{
    int capacity;
    int length;
    unsigned int **node;//int *node[]
}TSeqList;

//根據所給容量初始化線性表
SeqList *SeqList_Creat(int capacity)
{
    TSeqList * temp = NULL;
    if (capacity <= 0)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Creat err : capacity <= 0");
        return NULL;
    }
    //分配結構體TSeqList的空間
    temp = (TSeqList *)malloc(sizeof(TSeqList));

    if (temp == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Creat err : temp = NULL");
        return NULL;
    }
    memset(temp, 0, sizeof(TSeqList));
    //根據capacity 的大小分配節點的空間
    temp->node = (unsigned int **)malloc(sizeof(unsigned int **)*capacity);
    if (temp->node == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Creat err : temp->node = NULL");
        return NULL;
    }
    temp->capacity = capacity;
    temp->length = 0;
    return temp;
}
//刪除節點空間和結構體空間
void SeqList_Destroy(SeqList * list)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Destroy err : list = NULL");
        return;
    }

    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    if (temp->node != NULL)
    {
        free(temp->node);
    }
    free(temp);
    temp->length = 0;
    temp->capacity = 0;
    printf("SeqList_Destroy finished \n");
}
//清空鏈表 回到初始化狀態
void SeqList_Clear(SeqList * list)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Clear err : list = NULL");
        return ;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    temp->length = 0;

    printf("SeqList_Destroy cleared \n");
}

//獲取鏈表長度
int SeqList_GetLength(SeqList * list)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_GetLength err : list = NULL");
        return  -1;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    return temp->length;
}

//獲取鏈表容量
int SeqList_GetCapacity(SeqList * list)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        printf("SeqList_GetCapacity err : list = NULL");
        return  -1;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    return temp->capacity;
}

//插入節點到線性表
int SeqList_inster(SeqList * list, SeqListNode * node, int pos)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    int i = 0;
    if (list == NULL || node == NULL || pos < 0)
    {
        printf("SeqList_inster err : list = NULL || node = NULL || pos < 0");
        return  -1;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    //判斷插入的位置是否越界
    if (pos > temp->length)
    {
        pos = temp->length;
    }
    //判斷線性表的節點是否已滿
    if (temp->length == temp->capacity)
    {
        printf("SeqList_inster err : temp->length = temp->capacity");
        return -2;
    }
    //要在線性表某個位置插入節點,那麼後面的節點應該向後移
    //從最後一個節點開始,每個節點依次向後移動
    for (i = temp->length; i > pos; i--)
    {
        temp->node[i] = temp->node[i - 1];
    }
    temp->node[pos] = node;
    temp->length++;
    return 0;
}

//根據位置獲得節點
SeqListNode * SeqList_Get(SeqList *list, int pos)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    if (list == NULL || pos <0)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Get err : list = NULL || pos <0");
        return  NULL;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    //判斷獲取的位置是否越界
    if (pos > temp->length)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Get err : pos > temp->length");
        return  NULL;
    }
    return temp->node[pos];
}

SeqListNode * SeqList_Delete(SeqList * list, int pos)
{
    TSeqList *temp = NULL;
    SeqListNode * SLNode = NULL;
    int i = 0;
    if (list == NULL || pos < 0)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Delete err : list = NULL || pos <0");
        return  NULL;
    }
    temp = (TSeqList *)list;
    //判斷獲取的位置是否越界
    if (pos > temp->length)
    {
        printf("SeqList_Delete err : pos > temp->length");
        return  NULL;
    }
    //刪除之前先把要刪除的節點緩存下來
    //從要刪除的位置開始,把後一個節點移動到前一個節點的位置
    SLNode = temp->node[pos];
    for (i = pos; i < temp->length; i++)
    {
        temp->node[i] = temp->node[i + 1];
    }
    temp->length--;
    return SLNode;
}

 

//main.c
#pragma warning(disable : 4996)
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include "SeqList.h"

typedef struct tag_Teacher
{
    int age;
    char *name;
}Teacher;


int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    Teacher t1, t2, t3, t4, t5;
    t1.age = 20;
    t1.name = "zhangsan";
    t2.age = 21;
    t2.name = "lisi";
    t3.age = 22;
    t3.name = "wangwu";
    t4.age = 23;
    t4.name = "zhaoliu";
    t5.age = 24;
    t5.name = "wangqi";

    SeqList *list = NULL;
    int i, ret = 0;
    list = SeqList_Creat(10);
    if (list == NULL)
    {
        ret = -1;
        printf("SeqList_Creat err : list = NULL");
        return ret;
    }
    ret = SeqList_inster(list, (SeqListNode *)&t1, 0);
    ret = SeqList_inster(list, (SeqListNode *)&t2, 0);
    ret = SeqList_inster(list, (SeqListNode *)&t3, 0);
    ret = SeqList_inster(list, (SeqListNode *)&t4, 0);
    ret = SeqList_inster(list, (SeqListNode *)&t5, 0);
    printf("SeqList capacity = %d\n", SeqList_GetCapacity(list));
    printf("SeqList length = %d\n", SeqList_GetLength(list));

    for (i = 0; i < SeqList_GetLength(list); i++)
    {
        Teacher *t = SeqList_Get(list, i);
        printf("age = %d,name = %s\n", t->age, t->name);
    }

    SeqList_Delete(list, 3);
    printf("SeqList_Delete \n");

    for (i = 0; i < SeqList_GetLength(list); i++)
    {
        Teacher *t = SeqList_Get(list, i);
        printf("age = %d,name = %s\n", t->age, t->name);
    }
    SeqList_Destroy(list);

    system("pause");
    return 0;
}
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章