依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.5.11</version>
</dependency>
package com.example.http;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.*;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
public class HttpClientUtil {
// 編碼格式。發送編碼格式統一用UTF-8
private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
// 設置連接超時時間,單位毫秒。
private static final int CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 5000;
// 請求獲取數據的超時時間(即響應時間),單位毫秒。
private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT = 5000;
/**
* Description: get請求
*
* @param url 路徑
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String get(String url) throws Exception {
return get(url, null);
}
/**
* Description: post請求
*
* @param url 路徑
* @param params 參數
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String post(String url, Map<String, Object> params) throws Exception {
return post(url, params, null);
}
/**
* Description: post請求(用於請求json格式的參數)
*
* @param url 路徑
* @param params json參數
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String jsonPost(String url, String params) throws Exception {
return jsonPost(url, params, null);
}
/**
* Description: get請求
*
* @param url 路徑
* @param headers 請求頭信息
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String get(String url, Map<String, String> headers) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
HttpGet httpGet;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
String result;
try {
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//設置請求頭
setHeader(headers, httpGet);
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpGet.setConfig(config);
result = getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpGet);
} finally {
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Description: post請求
*
* @param url 路徑
* @param params 參數
* @param headers 請求頭信息
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String post(String url, Map<String, Object> params, Map<String, String> headers) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
HttpPost httpPost;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
String result;
try {
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
//設置請求頭
setHeader(headers, httpPost);
//設置參數
setParam(params, httpPost);
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpPost.setConfig(config);
result = getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPost);
} finally {
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Description: post請求(用於請求json格式的參數)
*
* @param url 路徑
* @param params json參數
* @param headers 請求頭信息
* @return 響應結果
*/
public static String jsonPost(String url, String params, Map<String, String> headers) throws Exception {
CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null;
HttpPost httpPost;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
String result;
try {
httpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8");
httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
//設置請求頭
setHeader(headers, httpPost);
//設置參數
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(params, ENCODING));
RequestConfig config = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_TIMEOUT).setSocketTimeout(SOCKET_TIMEOUT).build();
httpPost.setConfig(config);
result = getHttpClientResult(httpResponse, httpClient, httpPost);
} finally {
release(httpResponse, httpClient);
}
return result;
}
/**
* Description: 封裝請求頭
*
* @param headers 請求頭
* @param httpMethod httpMethod
*/
public static void setHeader(Map<String, String> headers, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) {
// 封裝請求頭
if (headers != null) {
for (Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpMethod.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
}
/**
* Description: 封裝請求參數
*
* @param params 請求參數
* @param httpMethod httpMethod
*/
public static void setParam(Map<String, Object> params, HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase httpMethod) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<>();
if (null != params) {
for (Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue() != null ? entry.getValue().toString() : "";
list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, value));
}
}
if (list.size() > 0) {
UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, ENCODING);
httpMethod.setEntity(entity);
}
}
/**
* Description: 獲取響應結果
*
* @param httpResponse httpResponse
* @param httpClient httpClient
* @param httpMethod httpMethod
* @return 響應結果
* @throws Exception Exception
*/
public static String getHttpClientResult(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpRequestBase httpMethod) throws Exception {
String result = null;
// 執行請求
httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpMethod);
// 獲取返回結果
if (httpResponse != null) {
HttpEntity resEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
if (resEntity != null) {
result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity, ENCODING);
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* Description: 釋放資源
*
* @param httpResponse HttpResponse
* @param httpClient HttpClient
* @throws IOException IOException
*/
public static void release(CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse, CloseableHttpClient httpClient) throws IOException {
if (httpResponse != null) {
httpResponse.close();
}
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.close();
}
}
}