1.1 問題
如圖配置 VLAN、IP和OSPF
R1/R2配置靜態路由，訪問PC-2
確保 PC-1與PC-2可以互相訪問
PC-1的網關配置在 SW1 上
R1是主出口設備，R2是備份出口設備
要求數據轉發是最優路徑
1.2 方案
搭建實驗環境，如圖-1所示。
圖-1
1.3 步驟
實現此案例需要按照如下步驟進行。
1）配置終端設備
PC1：
192.168.6.1
255.255.255.0
192.168.6.254
PC2：
192.168.2.1
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.254
2）配置交換機
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname SW1
[SW1]vlan batch 6 10 20 //批量創建 VLAN 信息
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 //連接 R1 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //連接 R2 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 //連接 PC1 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 6
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 6 //PC1的網關接口
[SW1-Vlanif6]ip address 192.168.6.254 24
[SW1-Vlanif6]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 10 //連接R1所用的IP接口
[SW1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif10]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 20 //連接R2所用的IP接口
[SW1-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif20]quit
3）配置路由器
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface gi0/0/0 //連接SW1所用的接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R1]interface gi0/0/1 //連接R3所用的接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.13.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.13.3 //去往PC2的默認路由
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface gi0/0/0 //連接SW1所用的接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.20.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]interface gi0/0/2 //連接 R3 所用的接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.23.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.23.3 //去往PC2的默認路由
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 //連接 R1所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.13.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //連接 R2所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.23.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R3]interface gi0/0/0 //連接 PC2所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.2.254 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
4）配置基本的OSPF
[SW1]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 //啓用OSPF協議，配置router-id爲6.6.6.6
[SW1-ospf-1]area 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 //啓用OSPF協議，配置router-id爲1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 //啓用OSPF協議，配置router-id爲2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
5）配置OSPF默認路由
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise //OSPF協議產生默認路由
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise cost 2 //OSPF協議產生默認路由，修改爲cost爲2
6）配置浮動靜態路由
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.6.0 24 192.168.13.1 //配置去往PC1的主路徑
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.6.0 24 192.168.23.2 preference 100 //配置去往PC1的備份路徑
7）測試 PC1和 PC2 之間的連通性
PC1>ping 192.168.2.1 //在PC1 ping PC2 ,可以互通
Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=32 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=31 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=47 ms
--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms
PC-2>ping 192.168.6.1 //在PC2 ping PC1 ,可以互通
Ping 192.168.6.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=31 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=62 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=63 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=62 ms
--- 192.168.6.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/53/63 ms