1.1 问题
如图配置 VLAN、IP和OSPF
R1/R2配置静态路由，访问PC-2
确保 PC-1与PC-2可以互相访问
PC-1的网关配置在 SW1 上
R1是主出口设备，R2是备份出口设备
要求数据转发是最优路径
1.2 方案
搭建实验环境，如图-1所示。
图-1
1.3 步骤
实现此案例需要按照如下步骤进行。
1）配置终端设备
PC1：
192.168.6.1
255.255.255.0
192.168.6.254
PC2：
192.168.2.1
255.255.255.0
192.168.2.254
2）配置交换机
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname SW1
[SW1]vlan batch 6 10 20 //批量创建 VLAN 信息
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 //连接 R1 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //连接 R2 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/3 //连接 PC1 的接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 6
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 6 //PC1的网关接口
[SW1-Vlanif6]ip address 192.168.6.254 24
[SW1-Vlanif6]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 10 //连接R1所用的IP接口
[SW1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif10]quit
[SW1]interface Vlanif 20 //连接R2所用的IP接口
[SW1-Vlanif20]ip address 192.168.20.1 24
[SW1-Vlanif20]quit
3）配置路由器
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface gi0/0/0 //连接SW1所用的接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.2 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R1]interface gi0/0/1 //连接R3所用的接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.13.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.13.3 //去往PC2的默认路由
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface gi0/0/0 //连接SW1所用的接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.20.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R2]interface gi0/0/2 //连接 R3 所用的接口
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.23.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.23.3 //去往PC2的默认路由
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 //连接 R1所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.13.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 //连接 R2所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.23.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R3]interface gi0/0/0 //连接 PC2所用的接口
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.2.254 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
4）配置基本的OSPF
[SW1]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 //启用OSPF协议，配置router-id为6.6.6.6
[SW1-ospf-1]area 0
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.6.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[SW1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1 //启用OSPF协议，配置router-id为1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2 //启用OSPF协议，配置router-id为2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
5）配置OSPF默认路由
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]default-route-advertise //OSPF协议产生默认路由
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]default-route-advertise cost 2 //OSPF协议产生默认路由，修改为cost为2
6）配置浮动静态路由
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.6.0 24 192.168.13.1 //配置去往PC1的主路径
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.6.0 24 192.168.23.2 preference 100 //配置去往PC1的备份路径
7）测试 PC1和 PC2 之间的连通性
PC1>ping 192.168.2.1 //在PC1 ping PC2 ,可以互通
Ping 192.168.2.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=32 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=31 ms
From 192.168.2.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=47 ms
--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms
PC-2>ping 192.168.6.1 //在PC2 ping PC1 ,可以互通
Ping 192.168.6.1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=31 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=62 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=63 ms
From 192.168.6.1: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=62 ms
--- 192.168.6.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/53/63 ms