XML示例
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<root xmlns:QQQ="http://www.sss.org.cn" xmlns:WAC="http://www.aaa.com">
<Person>
<Name>小莫</Name>
<Age>20</Age>
<items>
<QQQ:item>
<QQQ:paraname>文化課</QQQ:paraname>
<QQQ:paravalue>SOD1323DS</QQQ:paravalue>
</QQQ:item>
</items>
</Person>
<Person>
<Name>小紅</Name>
<Age>20</Age>
<items>
<QQQ:item>
<QQQ:paraname>數學課</QQQ:paraname>
<QQQ:paravalue>SID1323DSD</QQQ:paravalue>
</QQQ:item>
<QQQ:item>
<QQQ:paraname>英語課</QQQ:paraname>
<QQQ:paravalue>SID000000</QQQ:paravalue>
</QQQ:item>
</items>
</Person>
</root>
其中 items是個List<item>的數組
類的代碼，這個是重點！！！
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("root", IsNullable = false)]
public class BaseInfo
{
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Person")]
public List<Person> PersonList { get; set; }
}
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("Person", IsNullable = false)]
public class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("items")]//標識A
public items items { get; set; }
}
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.sss.org.cn")]//Namespace屬性不需要可以不填寫
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("items", IsNullable = false)]
public class items//此類名必須與節點名相同 標識A
{
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("item")]
public List<Item> ItemList { get; set; }
}
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true, Namespace = "http://www.sss.org.cn")]//Namespace屬性不需要可以不填寫
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("item", IsNullable = false)]
public class item //類名必須與節點名相同！
{
public string paraname { get; set; }
public string paravalue { get; set; }
}
}
需要注意的是 items的類名必須和XML中的元素名相同，上面代碼中 寫着 標識A 的名稱必須一致
序列化方法類
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
namespace XmlTool
{
public class XmlSerializeHelper
{
#region 使用演示
//Request 類名
//patientIn 實例名
//strxml xml字符串
//序列化演示
//string strxml = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize<Request>(patientIn);
//反序列化演示
//Request r = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<Request>(strxml);
public Dictionary<string, string> students = new Dictionary<string, string>();
#endregion
///// <summary>
///// 實體類轉換成XML
///// </summary>
///// <typeparam name="T">類名</typeparam>
///// <param name="obj">T類名的實例</param>
///// <returns></returns>
//public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj)
//{
// using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
// {
// Type t = obj.GetType();
// XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
// serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);
// sw.Close();
// return sw.ToString();
// }
//}
/// <summary>
/// 將一個對象序列化爲XML字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="o">要序列化的對象</param>
/// <param name="encoding">編碼方式</param>
/// <param name="DicPrefix">需要指定的前綴對應，格式爲 key爲命名空間，value爲前綴</param>
/// <returns>序列化產生的XML字符串</returns>
public static string XmlSerialize(object o, Encoding encoding, Dictionary<string, string> DicPrefix)
{
if (o == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("o");
if (encoding == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("encoding");
string xml = "";
try
{
using (MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream())
{
XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
settings.Encoding = encoding;
//OmitXmlDeclaration表示不生成聲明頭，默認是false，OmitXmlDeclaration爲true，會去掉<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
//settings.OmitXmlDeclaration = true;
XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(stream, settings);
#region 指定命名空間前綴的方法
//強制指定命名空間，覆蓋默認的命名空間，可以添加多個，如果要在xml節點上添加指定的前綴，可以在跟節點的類上面添加[XmlRoot(Namespace = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", IsNullable = false)]，Namespace指定哪個值，xml節點添加的前綴就是哪個命名空間(這裏會添加ceb)
XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
if (DicPrefix!=null)
{
NamespacesSpecifiedPrefix(namespaces, DicPrefix);
}
//namespaces.Add(參數1, 參數2);
//解讀："參數1"爲要使用的前綴，對應類中使用"參數2"的命名空間的節點
#endregion
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType());
serializer.Serialize(writer, o, namespaces);
writer.Close();
stream.Position = 0;
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding))
{
xml = reader.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
return xml;
}
/// <summary>
/// 指定修改的前綴，遍歷字典添加
/// </summary>
/// <param name="namespaces">要添加命名空間的對象</param>
/// <param name="DicPrefix">包含命名空間和前綴的字典</param>
private static void NamespacesSpecifiedPrefix(XmlSerializerNamespaces namespaces, Dictionary<string, string> DicPrefix)
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in DicPrefix)
{
namespaces.Add(kvp.Value, kvp.Key);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// XML轉換成實體類-方法1
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">對應的類</typeparam>
/// <param name="strXML">XML字符串</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T : class
{
try
{
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML))
{
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// XML轉換成實體類-方法2
/// </summary>
/// <param name="xmlStr"></param>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static object DeserializeFromXml(string xmlStr, Type type)
{
try
{
using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(xmlStr))
{
XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(type);
return xs.Deserialize(sr);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw (ex);
}
}
//Request
//
}
}
使用方法
private static void aaa()
{
BaseInfo baseInfo = new BaseInfo();
List<Person> personList = new List<Person>();
Person p1 = new Person();
p1.Name = "小莫";
p1.Age = 20;
List<Item> books = new List<Item>();
Item book = new Item();
book.paraname = "文化課";
book.paravalue = "SOD1323DS";
books.Add(book);
p1.items = new items();
p1.items.ItemList = books;
Person p2 = new Person();
p2.Name = "小紅";
p2.Age = 20;
List<Item> books2 = new List<Item>();
Item book2 = new Item();
book2.paraname = "數學課";
book2.paravalue = "SID1323DSD";
books2.Add(book2);
Item book3 = new Item();
book3.paraname = "英語課";
book3.paravalue = "SID000000";
books2.Add(book3);
p2.items = new items();
p2.items.ItemList = books2;
personList.Add(p1);
personList.Add(p2);
baseInfo.PersonList = personList;
//類轉XML,帶前綴
string postXml4 = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(baseInfo, Encoding.UTF8, new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "http://www.aaa.com", "WAC" }, { "http://www.sss.org.cn", "QQQ" } });
//XML轉XML
BaseInfo BL = (BaseInfo)XmlSerializeHelper.DeserializeFromXml(postXml2, typeof(BaseInfo));//XML轉類
Console.ReadLine();
}
以上
小技巧：當對應XML的類很複雜，序列化又出錯的時候，可以分模塊，單獨提出一個節點元素與對應的一個小類進行序列化測試
例如：單獨將Item拿出來進行反序列化，但一定注意最外層不能有前綴，且如果XML中使用了前綴，一定要帶命名空間xmlns
<item xmlns:QQQ="http://www.sss.org.cn">
<QQQ:paraname>數學課</QQQ:paraname>
<QQQ:paravalue>SID1323DSD</QQQ:paravalue>
</item>
string fff = System.IO.File.ReadAllText("./XMLFile3.xml");
Item bk = (Item)XmlSerializeHelper.DeserializeFromXml(fff, typeof(Item));//轉爲Item類
即可用這種方法分步進行測試以找出序列化錯誤的地方