無廢話7小時學會使用Spring Cloud Alibaba(2)搭建工程

一 下載IntelliJ IDEA 
選擇下載Ultimate Edition。

二 新建工程
1.打開IDEA，File-New Project

聚合總父工程名字

Maven選版本

新建後的工程

2.IDEA常用設置

（1）.設置字符編碼
File-Settings-Editor-File Encodings

(2).設置字體大小
File-Settings-Editor-Font

(3).設置註解生效激活
File-Settings-Build,Excution,Deployment-Compiler-Annotation Processors

(4).設置java編譯版本
File-Settings-Build,Excution,Deployment-Compiler-Java Compiler

(5).設置File Type過濾
File-Settings-Editor-File Types

3.父工程配置pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.study.cloud</groupId>
  <artifactId>studycloud</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>pom</packaging>

  <!-- 統一管理jar包版本 -->
  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
    <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
    <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
    <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
  </properties>

  <!-- 子模塊繼承之後，提供作用：鎖定版本+子modlue不用寫groupId和version  -->
  <dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
      <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <type>pom</type>
        <scope>import</scope>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>${druid.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>${junit.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>${log4j.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>${lombok.version}</version>
        <optional>true</optional>
      </dependency>
    </dependencies>
  </dependencyManagement>

  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <fork>true</fork>
          <addResources>true</addResources>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>

</project>

4.新建module
新建5個module，分別是用戶模塊，商品模塊，訂單模塊，網關模塊，還有1個是公共模塊用來放公共util包等。
(1).新建用戶模塊流程如下：
右鍵點擊父工程(studycloud)，New-Module

(2).修改pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>studycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.study.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-user</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 後續做持久化用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--openfeign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- SpringBoot整合Web組件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 引入自己定義的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.study.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloudalibaba-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--日常通用jar包配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--jdbc-->
    </dependencies>


</project>

(3)添加yml
在resources目錄下添加application.yml文件

server:
  port: 9001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-user
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.14:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    sentinel:
      transport:
        dashboard: 192.168.1.7:8080 #配置Sentinel dashboard地址
        port: 8719     #這個端口配置會在應用對應的機器上啓動一個 Http Server，該 Server 會與 Sentinel 控制檯做交互。比如 Sentinel 控制檯添加了1個限流規則，會把規則數據 push 給這個 Http Server 接收，Http Server 再將規則註冊到 Sentinel中
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource            # 當前數據源操作類型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver              # mysql驅動包
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.9:3306/userDB?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
    username: test
    password: 123456

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: '*'

feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true # 激活Sentinel對Feign的支持

(4)寫主啓動類
新建controller,dao,entity,service這些包（業務類後面再創建，先搭建骨架工程），並創建UserMain.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class UserMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(UserMain.class, args);
    }
}

用同樣的方式創建商品模塊，訂單模塊。除了yum配置文件端口，數據庫鏈接不一樣，其它都相同。
5.新建網關模塊
(1).創建工程略(和上面一樣)
(2)修改pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>studycloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.study.cloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloudalibaba-gateway</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--gateway-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--SpringCloud ailibaba nacos -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--一般基礎配置類-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

(3)添加yml
在resources目錄下添加application.yml文件

server:
  port: 9004

spring:
  application:
    name: cloudalibaba-gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.1.14:8848 #配置Nacos地址
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          enabled: true #開啓從註冊中心動態創建路由的功能，利用微服務名進行路由
      routes:
        - id: order_routh #user_route    #路由的ID，沒有固定規則但要求唯一，建議配合服務名
          uri: lb://cloudalibaba-order #匹配後提供服務的路由地址
          predicates:
            - Path=/order/*/**         # 斷言，路徑相匹配的進行路由

(4)寫主啓動類

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class GateWayMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(GateWayMain.class, args);
    }
}

6.新建公共模塊
(1).創建工程略(和上面一樣)
(2).創建JsonVo.java

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.annotation.JsonSerialize;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.util.List;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@Builder(toBuilder = true)
@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL)
public class JsonVo<T> {

    private Integer code;
    private String  message;
    private T       data;
    private List<T> dataList;

}